The IASS (International Association for Scandinavian Studies) is the international organization for the research of Nordic literature, culture and linguistics. Since 1956 the IASS conference has been organized every other year. In 2016, the 31th IASS conference took place in Groningen (Netherlands). This 2016 conference revolved around the 21st century as an era characterized by dynamics with different implications. These ongoing global transitions are reflected in the humanities; the dichotomy between centre and periphery has invaded the literary discourse. In many small language areas, more translated literature is being published than literature written in the national language. This implies that cultural mediators play a major role in the production of literature. Their efforts are made visible in a transnational approach to the history of literature.