Fixed Or Flexible
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| Author | : Joseph E. Gagnon |
| Publisher | : Peterson Institute |
| Total Pages | : 301 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0881326356 |
Volatile exchange rates and how to manage them are a contentious topic whenever economic policymakers gather in international meetings. This book examines the broad parameters of exchange rate policy in light of both high-powered theory and real-world experience. What are the costs and benefits of flexible versus fixed exchange rates? How much of a role should the exchange rate play in monetary policy? Why don't volatile exchange rates destabilize inflation and output? The principal finding of this book is that using monetary policy to fight exchange rate volatility, including through the adoption of a fixed exchange rate regime, leads to greater volatility of employment, output, and inflation. In other words, the "cure" for exchange rate volatility is worse than the disease. This finding is demonstrated in economic models, in historical case studies, and in statistical analysis of the data. The book devotes considerable attention to understanding the reasons why volatile exchange rates do not destabilize inflation and output. The book concludes that many countries would benefit from allowing greater flexibility of their exchange rates in order to target monetary policy at stabilization of their domestic economies. Few, if any, countries would benefit from a move in the opposite direction.
| Author | : Jae K. Shim |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 450 |
| Release | : 2008-12-03 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0470454350 |
If the very thought of budgets pushes your sanity over the limit, then this practical, easy-to-use guide is just what you need. Budgeting Basics and Beyond, Third Edition equips you with an all-in-one resource guaranteed to make the budgeting process easier, less stressful, and more effective. Written by Jae Shim and Joel Siegel, the new edition covers Balanced Scorecard, budgeting for nonprofit organizations, business simulations for executive and management training, and much more!
| Author | : Marin Muzhani |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 368 |
| Release | : 2017-10-30 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9781622732425 |
The work takes into consideration ONLY a particular field (cut) of monetary policy that regards the historical context of the monetary debate on fixed versus flexible exchange rates from the early fifties (of the 20th century) to the recent years, or exactly from the ?case for a flexible exchange rates? to the creation of ?optimum currency areas? and monetary unions and the most recent events of the financial crisis in the 1990s and the unconventional monetary policies used during and after the 2008-9 financial crisis. A number of tables and charts will help the reader have a clear idea about the advantages and disadvantages of having a fixed and flexible exchange rates system. The fundamental idea that has pushed me to choose this object of study moves from that relation always complex and changing between the factors and aspects that have heated up the monetary debate on fixed versus flexible exchange rates for decades and how the countries have chosen the right system based on their specific conditions and macroeconomic structure. This research among others focuses on the monetary crises that occurred in the 1990s and early 2000s where several countries in Asia, Europe, and Latin America experienced some unprecedented currency crisis as a result of the effects of quick liberalization and globalization. Moreover it illustrates also some of the factors the contributed to the 2008 financial crisis that hit the U.S. and Eurozone and the post monetary events of the crisis. The financial crisis of 2008-9 demonstrated that unconventional monetary policies can be used to fix part of the economy in recession. In fact, a number of central banks in industrialized countries were forced to pursue unconventional monetary policies such a quantitative easing, very low interest rates, and escape from balance sheet recession to input money in the system and keep the economy running. The Brexit event in Europe with all it consequences is another topic that will be explored in this work.
| Author | : Jennifer Niederst Robbins |
| Publisher | : "O'Reilly Media, Inc." |
| Total Pages | : 829 |
| Release | : 2006-02-21 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1449379095 |
Are you still designing web sites like it's 1999? If so, you're in for a surprise. Since the last edition of this book appeared five years ago, there has been a major climate change with regard to web standards. Designers are no longer using (X)HTML as a design tool, but as a means of defining the meaning and structure of content. Cascading Style Sheets are no longer just something interesting to tinker with, but rather a reliable method for handling all matters of presentation, from fonts and colors to the layout of the entire page. In fact, following the standards is now a mandate of professional web design. Our popular reference, Web Design in a Nutshell, is one of the first books to capture this new web landscape with an edition that's been completely rewritten and expanded to reflect the state of the art. In addition to being an authoritative reference for (X)HTML and Cascading Style Sheets, this book also provides an overview of the unique requirements of designing for the Web and gets to the nitty-gritty of JavaScript and DOM Scripting, web graphics optimization, and multimedia production. It is an indispensable tool for web designers and developers of all levels. The third edition covers these contemporary web design topics: Structural layer: HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.0 (9 chapters), including an alphabetical reference of all elements, attributes and character entities Presentation layer: Ten all-new chapters on Cascading Style Sheets, Level 2.1, including an alphabetical reference of all properties and values. Behavior layer: JavaScript and scripting with the Document Object Model (DOM) Web environment: New web standards, browsers, display devices, accessibility, and internationalization Web graphics optimization: Producing lean and mean GIF, JPEG, PNG, and animated GIFs Multimedia: Web audio, video, Flash, and PDF Organized so that readers can find answers quickly, Web Design in a Nutshell, Third Edition helps experienced designers come up to speed quickly on standards-based web design, and serves as a quick reference for those already familiar with the new standards and technology. There are many books for web designers, but none that address such a wide variety of topics. Find out why nearly half a million buyers have made this the most popular web design book available.
| Author | : Ernst Baltensperger |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 267 |
| Release | : 2017-08-03 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1108191444 |
This book describes the remarkable path which led to the Swiss Franc becoming the strong international currency that it is today. Ernst Baltensperger and Peter Kugler use Swiss monetary history to provide valuable insights into a number of issues concerning the organization and development of monetary institutions and currency that shaped the structure of financial markets and affected the economic course of a country in important ways. They investigate a number of topics, including the functioning of a world without a central bank, the role of competition and monopoly in money and banking, the functioning of monetary unions, monetary policy of small open economies under fixed and flexible exchange rates, the stability of money demand and supply under different monetary regimes, and the monetary and macroeconomic effects of Swiss Banking and Finance. Swiss Monetary History since the Early 19th Century illustrates the value of monetary history for understanding financial markets and macroeconomics today.
| Author | : Richard De Neufville |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 310 |
| Release | : 2011-08-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0262297337 |
A guide to using the power of design flexibility to improve the performance of complex technological projects, for designers, managers, users, and analysts. Project teams can improve results by recognizing that the future is inevitably uncertain and that by creating flexible designs they can adapt to eventualities. This approach enables them to take advantage of new opportunities and avoid harmful losses. Designers of complex, long-lasting projects—such as communication networks, power plants, or hospitals—must learn to abandon fixed specifications and narrow forecasts. They need to avoid the “flaw of averages,” the conceptual pitfall that traps so many designs in underperformance. Failure to allow for changing circumstances risks leaving significant value untapped. This book is a guide for creating and implementing value-enhancing flexibility in design. It will be an essential resource for all participants in the development and operation of technological systems: designers, managers, financial analysts, investors, regulators, and academics. The book provides a high-level overview of why flexibility in design is needed to deliver significantly increased value. It describes in detail methods to identify, select, and implement useful flexibility. The book is unique in that it explicitly recognizes that future outcomes are uncertain. It thus presents forecasting, analysis, and evaluation tools especially suited to this reality. Appendixes provide expanded explanations of concepts and analytic tools.
| Author | : T.G. Sitharam |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 406 |
| Release | : 2021-03-26 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9813340053 |
This volume presents select papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics. The papers discuss advances in the fields of soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering. Some of the themes include seismic design of deep & shallow foundations, soil structure interaction under dynamic loading, marine structures, etc. A strong emphasis is placed on connecting academic research and field practice, with many examples, case studies, best practices, and discussions on performance based design. This volume will be of interest to researchers and practicing engineers alike.
| Author | : Zoe Mickley Gillenwater |
| Publisher | : Peachpit Press |
| Total Pages | : 337 |
| Release | : 2010-04-16 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 0132104687 |
Liquid or fluid layouts change width based on the user's unique device viewing size. These types of layouts have always been possible with tables but offer new design challenges as well as opportunities when built with CSS. This book, for experienced Web designers with some CSS experience, outlines how to do this successfully. Designers will learn the benefits of flexible layouts and when to choose a liquid, elastic, or hybrid design. They will learn not only how to build a liquid layout from scratch using standards-compliant and cross-browser compatible (X)HTML and CSS, but will also learn how to design and slice their graphic comps in a way that makes flexible design achievable. This book will show designers that flexible layouts do not have to be visually boring or difficult to build when planned and built correctly. Even those who do not intend to build liquid layouts can use the concepts and techniques taught in this book to improve their fixed-width CSS designs, because they will learn how to design for the inherent flexibility of the web medium, instead of the rigid qualities of print media or table grid-based layouts.
| Author | : Mr.Robert P. Flood |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 9 |
| Release | : 1991-09-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1451851324 |
Traditionally the choice of exchange rate regime has been seen as a second-best policy choice, which can be directed toward mitigating the distortionary effects of price or information rigidities. In this paradigm the optimal degree of exchange rate flexibility is found to depend of the source and nature of shocks hitting an economy. More recent literature views the exchange rate as a widely and frequently seen manifestation of government policy with careful exchange-rate management emerging as a tool that can enhance shaky policy credibility.
| Author | : Dr. P. Megaladevi |
| Publisher | : Thakur Publication Private Limited |
| Total Pages | : 294 |
| Release | : 2021-03-03 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 9354800823 |
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