What actually happens to organizations during gender and organization change endeavors? This book takes an in-depth look at the experience of seven Novib partner organizations in the Middle East and South Asia who undertook the challenge of the Gender Focus Programme. It recounts their analysis of their organization, and the route they chose to follow. The book presents field experiences of managing the politically sensitive agenda of promoting gender equality in the NGOs and negotiating the contradictions between using Organizational Development tools and promoting gender equality. In doing so, it shows how organizational change for gender equality is an integral part of gender mainstreaming processes. As a decade of evidence suggests, gender mainstreaming is vulnerable to becoming technocratic and ineffective. These seven organizations, unable to separate entirely the integral change process from their extrernal work as NGOs, experiences a spillover of gender justice concerns into their work in the field, with a variety of program results.