A major symposium on macropods (kangaroos, wallabies and rat-kangaroos), sponsored by the Australian Mammal Society, was held in July 2006 at the University of Melbourne. It brought together the many recent advances in the biology of this diverse group of mammals and looked at: structure and function; neglected macropods; population biology; and macropod management. A total of 78 authors have contributed 34 chapters to the book, which concentrates on new developments in macropod biology, including topics such as genomics, landscape ecology, endangered species and fertility control.