Comments on Hypersonic Boundary-layer Transition

Comments on Hypersonic Boundary-layer Transition
Author: Kenneth F. Stetson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 116
Release: 1990
Genre: Aerodynamics, Hypersonic
ISBN:

This is a survey paper on the subject of hypersonic boundary-layer transition. Part 1 discusses boundary-layer stability theory, hypersonic boundary-layer stability experiments, and a comparison between theory and experiment. Part 2 contains comments on how many configuration and flow parameters influence transition. Part 3 discusses some additional general aspects of transition. Part 4 discusses problems of predicting transition and comments on three prediction methods. Part 5 contains some general guidelines for prediction methodology. Keywords: Boundary layer transition, Boundary layer stability, Hypersonic boundary layers.

An Experimental Investigation of Wall-Cooling Effects on Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Stability in a Quiet Wind Tunnel

An Experimental Investigation of Wall-Cooling Effects on Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Stability in a Quiet Wind Tunnel
Author: Alan E. Blanchard
Publisher:
Total Pages: 120
Release: 1996
Genre: Aerodynamics, Hypersonic
ISBN:

One of the primary reasons for developing quiet tunnels is for the investigation of high-speed boundary-layer stability and transition phenomena without the transition-promoting effects of acoustic radiation from tunnel walls. In this experiment, a flared-cone model under adiabatic- and cooled-wall conditions was placed in a calibrated, "quiet" Mach 6 flow and the stability of the boundary layer was investigated using a prototype constant-voltage anemometer. The results of this experiment were compared with linear-stability theory predictions and good agreement was found in the prediction of second-mode frequencies and growth. In addition, the same "N = 10" criterion used to predict boundary-layer transition in subsonic, transonic, and supersonic flows was found to be applicable for the hypersonic flow regime as well. Under cooled-wall conditions, a unique set of continuous spectra data was acquired that documents the linear, nonlinear, and breakdown regions associated with the transition of hypersonic flow under low-noise conditions

Advances in Hypersonics

Advances in Hypersonics
Author: BALLMAN
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 448
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461203791

These three volumes entitled Advances in Hypersonics contain the Proceedings of the Second and Third Joint US/Europe Short Course in Hypersonics which took place in Colorado Springs and Aachen. The Second Course was organized at the US Air Force Academy, USA in January 1989 and the Third Course at Aachen, Germany in October 1990. The main idea of these Courses was to present to chemists, com puter scientists, engineers, experimentalists, mathematicians, and physicists state of the art lectures in scientific and technical dis ciplines including mathematical modeling, computational methods, and experimental measurements necessary to define the aerothermo dynamic environments for space vehicles such as the US Orbiter or the European Hermes flying at hypersonic speeds. The subjects can be grouped into the following areas: Phys ical environments, configuration requirements, propulsion systems (including airbreathing systems), experimental methods for external and internal flow, theoretical and numerical methods. Since hyper sonic flight requires highly integrated systems, the Short Courses not only aimed to give in-depth analysis of hypersonic research and technology but also tried to broaden the view of attendees to give them the ability to understand the complex problem of hypersonic flight. Most of the participants in the Short Courses prepared a docu ment based on their presentation for reproduction in the three vol umes. Some authors spent considerable time and energy going well beyond their oral presentation to provide a quality assessment of the state of the art in their area of expertise as of 1989 and 1991.

Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Stability Experiments on a Flared-Cone Model at Angle of Attack in a Quiet Wind Tunnel

Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Stability Experiments on a Flared-Cone Model at Angle of Attack in a Quiet Wind Tunnel
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher:
Total Pages: 134
Release: 2018-11-18
Genre:
ISBN: 9781731266217

An experimental investigation of the effects of angle of attack on hypersonic boundary-layer stability on a flared-cone model was conducted in the low-disturbance Mach-6 Nozzle-Test Chamber Facility at NASA Langley Research Center. This unique facility provided a 'quiet' flow test environment which is well suited for stability experiments because the low levels of freestream 'noise' minimize artificial stimulation of flow-disturbance growth. Surface pressure and temperature measurements documented the adverse-pressure gradient and transition-onset location. Hot-wire anemometry diagnostics were applied to identify the instability mechanisms which lead to transition. In addition, the mean flow over the flared-cone geometry was modeled by laminar Navier-Stokes computations. Results show that the boundary layer becomes more stable on the windward ray and less stable on the leeward ray relative to the zero-degree angle-of-attack case. The second-mode instability dominates the transition process at a zero-degree angle of attack, however, on the windward ray at an angle of attack this mode was completely stabilized. The less-dominant first-mode instability was slightly destabilized on the windward ray. Non-linear mechanisms such as saturation and harmonic generation are identified from the flow-disturbance bispectra. Doggett, Glen P. and Chokani, Ndaona Langley Research Center ANGLE OF ATTACK; AERODYNAMIC NOISE; ZERO ANGLE OF ATTACK; BOUNDARY LAYER STABILITY; HYPERSONIC SPEED; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATION; HYPERSONICS; AERODYNAMIC STABILITY; HYPERSONIC BOUNDARY LAYER; WIND TUNNELS; VELOCITY MEASUREMENT; TEST CHAMBERS; LOW NOISE...

Boundary Layer Transition at Supersonic Speeds

Boundary Layer Transition at Supersonic Speeds
Author: E. R. Van Driest
Publisher:
Total Pages: 108
Release: 1961
Genre: Aerodynamics, Supersonic
ISBN:

Experiments carried out in the 12-inch supersonic wind tunnel to investigate the effect of three dimensional roughness elements (spheres) on boundary-layer transition on a 10-degree (apex angle) cone without heat transfer are described. The local Mach number for these tests was 2.71. The data show clearly that the minimum (effective) size of trip required to bring transition to its lowest Reynolds number varies power of the distance from the apex of the cone to the trip. Use of available data at other Mach numbers indicates that the Mach number influence for effective tripping is taken into account by a simple expression. Some remarks concerning the roughness variation for transition on a blunt body are made. Finally, a general criterion is introduced which gives insight to the transition phenomenon and anticipates effects of external and internal disturbances, Mach number transfer.

Hypersonic Boundary Layer Stability Experiments in a Quiet Wind Tunnel with Bluntness Effects

Hypersonic Boundary Layer Stability Experiments in a Quiet Wind Tunnel with Bluntness Effects
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 232
Release: 2018-07-25
Genre:
ISBN: 9781724242556

Hypersonic boundary layer measurements over a flared cone were conducted in a Mach 6 quiet wind tunnel at a freestream unit Reynolds number of 2.82 million/ft. This Reynolds number provided laminar-to-transitional flow over the cone model in a low-disturbance environment. Four interchangeable nose-tips, including a sharp-tip, were tested. Point measurements with a single hot-wire using a novel constant voltage anemometer were used to measure the boundary layer disturbances. Surface temperature and schlieren measurements were also conducted to characterize the transitional state of the boundary layer and to identify instability modes. Results suggest that second mode disturbances were the most unstable and scaled with the boundary layer thickness. The second mode integrated growth rates compared well with linear stability theory in the linear stability regime. The second mode is responsible for transition onset despite the existence of a second mode subharmonic. The subharmonic disturbance wavelength also scales with the boundary layer thickness. Furthermore, the existence of higher harmonics of the fundamental suggests that nonlinear disturbances are not associated with 'high' free stream disturbance levels. Nose-tip radii greater than 2.7% of the base radius completely stabilized the second mode. Lachowicz, Jason T. and Chokani, Ndaona Langley Research Center NASA-CR-198272, NAS 1.26:198272 NCC1-183; RTOP-505-59-50-02...

Dominance of Radiated Aerodynamic Noise on Boundary-layer Transition in Supersonic-hypersonic Wind Tunnels

Dominance of Radiated Aerodynamic Noise on Boundary-layer Transition in Supersonic-hypersonic Wind Tunnels
Author: Samuel R. Pate
Publisher:
Total Pages: 418
Release: 1978
Genre: Aerodynamic noise
ISBN:

An experimental investigation was conducted to determine the effects of radiated aerodynamic-noise on boundary-layer transition in supersonic-hypersonic wind tunnels. It is conclusively shown that the aerodynamic noise (pressure fluctuations associated with sound waves), which radiate from the tunnel wall, turbulent boundary layer, will dominate the transition process on sharp flat places and sharp slender cones at zero incidence.