Experimental Investigation Of Calcium Looping Co2 Capture For Application In Cement Plants
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| Author | : Matthias Hornberger |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 189 |
| Release | : 2022-09-30 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3658392487 |
This book assesses the application of the calcium looping technology for CO2 capture from cement plants. The cement industry contributes significantly to the anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Due to process inherent CO2 emissions, the application of CCS technologies is inevitable to fully decarbonise the cement sector and mitigate climate change. A comprehensive study regarding the suitability of various potential sorbents (i.e. limestone, raw meal and raw meal components) acting as CO2 carrier has been conducted using thermogravimetric analysis. Various integration options of the calcium looping technology into the cement clinker manufacturing process have been developed addressing different boundary conditions of the cement plants. The more mature options using fluidised bed reactors have been extensively studied at semi industrial scale. Furthermore, a novel concept using entrained flow reactors has been assessed by investigating the sorbent properties of various raw meals in such a system.
| Author | : José Carlos Magalhães Pires |
| Publisher | : MDPI |
| Total Pages | : 178 |
| Release | : 2019-08-23 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3039213997 |
Climate change is one of the main threats to modern society. This phenomenon is associated with an increase in greenhouse gas (GHGs, mainly carbon dioxide—CO2) emissions due to anthropogenic activities. The main causes are the burning of fossil fuels and land use change (deforestation). Climate change impacts are associated with risks to basic needs (health, food security, and clean water), as well as risks to development (jobs, economic growth, and the cost of living). The processes involving CO2 capture and storage are gaining attention in the scientific community as an alternative for decreasing CO2 emissions, reducing its concentration in ambient air. The carbon capture and storage (CCS) methodologies comprise three steps: CO2 capture, CO2 transportation, and CO2 storage. Despite the high research activity within this topic, several technological, economic, and environmental issues as well as safety problems remain to be solved, such as the following needs: increase of CO2 capture efficiency, reduction of process costs, and verification of the environmental sustainability of CO2 storage.
| Author | : Silvio Vaz Jr. |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 238 |
| Release | : 2022-07-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0323997368 |
Renewable Carbon: Science, Technology and Sustainability identifies production pathways and technologies for the production of chemicals and presents relevant information to bridge the gap between reaction engineering and process design. The book uses a multidisciplinary approach, focusing on important aspects of basic science, technological advantages (and hurdles), and key sustainability aspects. It incorporates organic, inorganic and biochemical synthesis and analyzes the myriad of technologies available, including nanotechnology, biotechnology and thermochemistry. Sections cover the synthesis of carbon derivatives through multiple pathways (Science), technologies available for its generation (Technology), and assess sustainability and new supply chains (Sustainability). This book will serve as a valuable reference for academics, research scientists and industry practitioners in green chemistry, chemical engineering, materials science and environmental engineering. Includes a review of sustainable feedstocks containing renewable carbon such as biomass, CO2 and recycling materials Provides a compendium of technologies to explore renewable carbon sources Compiles the most up-to-date information on renewable products and materials utilized in industry
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 105 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9789279453441 |
The Project objective is the development of advanced modelling tools required for implementing Calcium Looping (CaL) at commercial scale. In this regard the research focused on studying the optimization of limestone utilization, developing models and investigating the process feasibility. Thus, detailed experimentation at particle level (TGA, lab-scale fluidized bed) and bench scale systems (10 kWth. dual fluidized bed, cold model) provided the required data base. Screening of 7 limestones has identified the best limestones with regard to CO2 capture and attrition behaviour under oxyfired conditions. Spent material with poor chemical properties was reactivated with the goal to increase sorbent activity and process performance. Experimentally obtained data were used for the development and validation of 3-D transient full-loop CFD models (incl. particle clustering effects, EMMS drag scheme application and reactions simulation). Moreover; process design tools to scale-up the process and evaluate process parameters were developed. Therefore a predicative CO2 capture model was implemented into an ASPEN/GateCycle process simulation model and combined with Ebsilon® steam cycle simulations to determine the overall process efficiency for two reference power plants (hard coal and lignite). The results from modelling and experimentation provided the basis to scale up to a full scale plant design including the design of heat exchanging surfaces in the reactors and fluidized bed heat exchangers as well as economic evaluations of the process. Cost of electricity and CO2 avoidance cost of CaL have shown advantages compared to oxy-fuel combustion and amine based technologies. A great potential for utilisation of the purge CaL material for cement production as well for integration of the CaL process in a cement plant has been shown.
| Author | : Jochen Bernd Ludwig Hilz |
| Publisher | : Cuvillier Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 170 |
| Release | : 2019-07-08 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 373696045X |
An efficient post-combustion capture technology is the carbonate looping (CaL) process reducing the amount of CO2 released by fossil fuelled power and industrial plants (CCS/U). Limestone based sorbents are circulated between two interconnected circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactors. In a first reactor, the carbonator, the main part of CO2 contained in the flue gas of an upstream emission source is absorbed by CaO. The CO2 is released and the sorbent regenerated under oxy-firing conditions in a second reactor, the calciner. The present work discusses the results obtained from experimental investigation of the Carbonate Looping process in semi-industrial 1 MWth scale. Long-term pilot tests were conducted to improve the process and gain reliable experimental data to scale up the CaL process to industrial size. The type of fuel, sorbent, flue gas composition, reactor design, and operating conditions were varied to assess the operability and the long-term effects on the process performance. During periods of up to 60 h, parameters were not changed to achieve steady-state conditions. The stability of the CaL process in semi-industrial size was proven by steady-state CO2 absorption for more than 1,500 h with interconnected circulating fluidized bed reactors with absorption rates in the carbonator higher than 90% and overall capture rates higher than 95 %. The experimental data obtained in this work provide the basis to take the CaL process to the next stage of development, a demonstration pilot with a thermal size of 20 MWth. A conceptual plant setup for this demonstration unit was derived from the operational experience in the 1 MWth pilot plant. Based on evaluation of pilot testing and with the help of a validated process model, the design parameters were defined and verified. The heat and mass balancing for various operating cases was carried out to define the boundary conditions for the engineering of the demonstration pilot. Furthermore, the assessment of the demonstration pilot showed the expected performance.
| Author | : Ronald W. Breault |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 539 |
| Release | : 2018-09-27 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3527809341 |
This comprehensive and up-to-date handbook on this highly topical field, covering everything from new process concepts to commercial applications. Describing novel developments as well as established methods, the authors start with the evaluation of different oxygen carriers and subsequently illuminate various technological concepts for the energy conversion process. They then go on to discuss the potential for commercial applications in gaseous, coal, and fuel combustion processes in industry. The result is an invaluable source for every scientist in the field, from inorganic chemists in academia to chemical engineers in industry.
| Author | : Francisco M. Baena-Moreno |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 388 |
| Release | : 2023-09-05 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0323956696 |
Circular Economy Processes for CO2 Capture and Utilization: Strategies and Case-Studies presents an innovative resource or integrating carbon capture, storage and utilization into the sustainable circular economy of the future. Split into two parts, the book offers readers a grounding in the fundamentals of the circular economy and the potential contribution of CCS. Strategies for implementing CCS into a circular economy are explained, with benefits and limitations analyzed. The book then offers a gallery of case studies from the newest research in the area, allowing readers to access lessons learned and critical considerations for integrating CCS into the circular economy. Marrying theory and practice for a holistic perspective, this book offers readers an essential guide to theorizing and implementing a sustainable future economy that utilizes the full potential of carbon capture. Presents strategies for the cutting-edge integration of carbon capture and storage with a sustainable circular economy Approaches process design challenges, successful stories and limitations in a practical and comprehensive way Brings together theoretical processes and real-world case studies to support both research and implementation
| Author | : L Zheng |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 397 |
| Release | : 2011-02-26 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0857090984 |
Oxy-fuel combustion is currently considered to be one of the major technologies for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture in power plants. The advantages of using oxygen (O2) instead of air for combustion include a CO2-enriched flue gas that is ready for sequestration following purification and low NOx emissions. This simple and elegant technology has attracted considerable attention since the late 1990s, rapidly developing from pilot-scale testing to industrial demonstration. Challenges remain, as O2 supply and CO2 capture create significant energy penalties that must be reduced through overall system optimisation and the development of new processes.Oxy-fuel combustion for power generation and carbon dioxide (CO2) capture comprehensively reviews the fundamental principles and development of oxy-fuel combustion in fossil-fuel fired utility boilers. Following a foreword by Professor János M. Beér, the book opens with an overview of oxy-fuel combustion technology and its role in a carbon-constrained environment. Part one introduces oxy-fuel combustion further, with a chapter comparing the economics of oxy-fuel vs. post-/pre-combustion CO2 capture, followed by chapters on plant operation, industrial scale demonstrations, and circulating fluidized bed combustion. Part two critically reviews oxy-fuel combustion fundamentals, such as ignition and flame stability, burner design, emissions and heat transfer characteristics, concluding with chapters on O2 production and CO2 compression and purification technologies. Finally, part three explores advanced concepts and developments, such as near-zero flue gas recycle and high-pressure systems, as well as chemical looping combustion and utilisation of gaseous fuel.With its distinguished editor and internationally renowned contributors, Oxy-fuel combustion for power generation and carbon dioxide (CO2) capture provides a rich resource for power plant designers, operators, and engineers, as well as academics and researchers in the field. Comprehensively reviews the fundamental principles and development of oxy-fuel combustion in fossil-fuel fired utility boilers Provides an overview of oxy-fuel combustion technology and its role in a carbon-constrained environment Introduces oxy-fuel combustion comparing the economics of oxy-fuel vs. post-/pre-combustion CO2 capture
| Author | : Fabrizio Scala |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 1091 |
| Release | : 2013-09-30 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0857098802 |
Fluidized bed (FB) combustion and gasification are advanced techniques for fuel flexible, high efficiency and low emission conversion. Fuels are combusted or gasified as a fluidized bed suspended by jets with sorbents that remove harmful emissions such as SOx. CO2 capture can also be incorporated. Fluidized bed technologies for near-zero emission combustion and gasification provides an overview of established FB technologies while also detailing recent developments in the field. Part one, an introductory section, reviews fluidization science and FB technologies and includes chapters on particle characterization and behaviour, properties of stationary and circulating fluidized beds, heat and mass transfer and attrition in FB combustion and gasification systems. Part two expands on this introduction to explore the fundamentals of FB combustion and gasification including the conversion of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, pollutant emission and reactor design and scale up. Part three highlights recent advances in a variety of FB combustion and gasification technologies before part four moves on to focus on emerging CO2 capture technologies. Finally, part five explores other applications of FB technology including (FB) petroleum refining and chemical production. Fluidized bed technologies for near-zero emission combustion and gasification is a technical resource for power plant operators, industrial engineers working with fluidized bed combustion and gasification systems and researchers, scientists and academics in the field. Examines the fundamentals of fluidized bed (FB) technologies, including the conversion of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels Explores recent advances in a variety of technologies such as pressurized FB combustion, and the measurement, monitoring and control of FB combustion and gasification Discusses emerging technologies and examines applications of FB in other processes
| Author | : Joseba Moreno |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2023 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
