Chemistry and Electrochemistry of Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking

Chemistry and Electrochemistry of Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking
Author: Russell H. Jones
Publisher: Society for Mining Metallurgy & Exploration
Total Pages: 792
Release: 2001
Genre: Science
ISBN:

This collection of papers from the 2001 TMS Annual Meeting held in New Orleans includes papers from the symposium on the chemistry and electrochemistry of corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. It covers topics such as chemistry differences between crack initiation and propagation.

Specific Ion Effects

Specific Ion Effects
Author: Werner Kunz
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 347
Release: 2010
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9814271586

Specific ion effects are important in numerous fields of science and technology. This book summarizes the main ideas that came up over the years. It presents the efforts of theoreticians and supports it by the experimental results stemming from various techniques.

Challenges for Coolants in Fast Neutron Spectrum Systems

Challenges for Coolants in Fast Neutron Spectrum Systems
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher:
Total Pages: 268
Release: 2020-07-30
Genre:
ISBN: 9789201078209

This publication evaluates the different coolant options considered for nuclear applications with a fast neutron spectrum (i.e. fusion, fission and accelerators), compiles the latest information in the field and identifies research needs.

Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors

Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors
Author: Pascal Yvon
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 686
Release: 2016-08-27
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0081009127

Operating at a high level of fuel efficiency, safety, proliferation-resistance, sustainability and cost, generation IV nuclear reactors promise enhanced features to an energy resource which is already seen as an outstanding source of reliable base load power. The performance and reliability of materials when subjected to the higher neutron doses and extremely corrosive higher temperature environments that will be found in generation IV nuclear reactors are essential areas of study, as key considerations for the successful development of generation IV reactors are suitable structural materials for both in-core and out-of-core applications. Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors explores the current state-of-the art in these areas. Part One reviews the materials, requirements and challenges in generation IV systems. Part Two presents the core materials with chapters on irradiation resistant austenitic steels, ODS/FM steels and refractory metals amongst others. Part Three looks at out-of-core materials. Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors is an essential reference text for professional scientists, engineers and postgraduate researchers involved in the development of generation IV nuclear reactors. - Introduces the higher neutron doses and extremely corrosive higher temperature environments that will be found in generation IV nuclear reactors and implications for structural materials - Contains chapters on the key core and out-of-core materials, from steels to advanced micro-laminates - Written by an expert in that particular area

Computational Thermodynamics of Materials

Computational Thermodynamics of Materials
Author: Zi-Kui Liu
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 261
Release: 2016-06-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0521198968

Integrates fundamental concepts with experimental data and practical applications, including worked examples and end-of-chapter problems.

Thermodynamics, Diffusion and the Kirkendall Effect in Solids

Thermodynamics, Diffusion and the Kirkendall Effect in Solids
Author: Aloke Paul
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 543
Release: 2014-07-16
Genre: Science
ISBN: 331907461X

In this book basic and some more advanced thermodynamics and phase as well as stability diagrams relevant for diffusion studies are introduced. Following, Fick’s laws of diffusion, atomic mechanisms, interdiffusion, intrinsic diffusion, tracer diffusion and the Kirkendall effect are discussed. Short circuit diffusion is explained in detail with an emphasis on grain boundary diffusion. Recent advances in the area of interdiffusion will be introduced. Interdiffusion in multi-component systems is also explained. Many practical examples will be given, such that researches working in this area can learn the practical evaluation of various diffusion parameters from experimental results. Large number of illustrations and experimental results are used to explain the subject. This book will be appealing for students, academicians, engineers and researchers in academic institutions, industry research and development laboratories.

Machine Learning Meets Quantum Physics

Machine Learning Meets Quantum Physics
Author: Kristof T. Schütt
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 473
Release: 2020-06-03
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030402452

Designing molecules and materials with desired properties is an important prerequisite for advancing technology in our modern societies. This requires both the ability to calculate accurate microscopic properties, such as energies, forces and electrostatic multipoles of specific configurations, as well as efficient sampling of potential energy surfaces to obtain corresponding macroscopic properties. Tools that can provide this are accurate first-principles calculations rooted in quantum mechanics, and statistical mechanics, respectively. Unfortunately, they come at a high computational cost that prohibits calculations for large systems and long time-scales, thus presenting a severe bottleneck both for searching the vast chemical compound space and the stupendously many dynamical configurations that a molecule can assume. To overcome this challenge, recently there have been increased efforts to accelerate quantum simulations with machine learning (ML). This emerging interdisciplinary community encompasses chemists, material scientists, physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists, joining forces to contribute to the exciting hot topic of progressing machine learning and AI for molecules and materials. The book that has emerged from a series of workshops provides a snapshot of this rapidly developing field. It contains tutorial material explaining the relevant foundations needed in chemistry, physics as well as machine learning to give an easy starting point for interested readers. In addition, a number of research papers defining the current state-of-the-art are included. The book has five parts (Fundamentals, Incorporating Prior Knowledge, Deep Learning of Atomistic Representations, Atomistic Simulations and Discovery and Design), each prefaced by editorial commentary that puts the respective parts into a broader scientific context.

Solid Base Catalysis

Solid Base Catalysis
Author: Yoshio Ono
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 431
Release: 2012-08-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642183395

The importance of solid base catalysts has come to be recognized for their environmentally benign qualities, and much significant progress has been made over the past two decades in catalytic materials and solid base-catalyzed reactions. The book is focused on the solid base. Because of the advantages over liquid bases, the use of solid base catalysts in organic synthesis is expanding. Solid bases are easier to dispose than liquid bases, separation and recovery of products, catalysts and solvents are less difficult, and they are non-corrosive. Furthermore, base-catalyzed reactions can be performed without using solvents and even in the gas phase, opening up more possibilities for discovering novel reaction systems. Using numerous examples, the present volume describes the remarkable role solid base catalysis can play, given the ever increasing worldwide importance of "green" chemistry. The reader will obtain an overall view of solid base catalysis and gain insight into the versatility of the reactions to which solid base catalysts can be utilized. The concept and significance of solid base catalysis are discussed, followed by descriptions of various methods for the characterization of solid bases, including spectroscopic methods and test reactions. The preparation and properties of base materials are presented in detail, with the two final chapters devoted to surveying the variety of reactions catalyzed by solid bases.