Since FY 2002, Congress has appropriated more than $29 billion for homeland security assistance to states, urban areas and critical infrastructures (such as ports and rail systems). Each assistance program has either an all-hazards purpose or a terrorism preparedness purpose. These programs are used by first responders, including firefighters, emergency medical personnel, emergency managers, and law enforcement officers. These programs provide for grants, training, exercises, and other support to prepare for terrorism and major disasters. This report provides information on enacted FY 2009 and proposed FY 2010 funding for these grant programs. It also identifies issues Congress may wish to address during the appropriation process.