Evolution of Nervous Systems

Evolution of Nervous Systems
Author: Georg F. Striedter
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 2064
Release: 2016-11-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128040963

Evolution of Nervous Systems, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is a unique, major reference which offers the gold standard for those interested both in evolution and nervous systems. All biology only makes sense when seen in the light of evolution, and this is especially true for the nervous system. All animals have nervous systems that mediate their behaviors, many of them species specific, yet these nervous systems all evolved from the simple nervous system of a common ancestor. To understand these nervous systems, we need to know how they vary and how this variation emerged in evolution. In the first edition of this important reference work, over 100 distinguished neuroscientists assembled the current state-of-the-art knowledge on how nervous systems have evolved throughout the animal kingdom. This second edition remains rich in detail and broad in scope, outlining the changes in brain and nervous system organization that occurred from the first invertebrates and vertebrates, to present day fishes, reptiles, birds, mammals, and especially primates, including humans. The book also includes wholly new content, fully updating the chapters in the previous edition and offering brand new content on current developments in the field. Each of the volumes has been carefully restructured to offer expanded coverage of non-mammalian taxa, mammals, primates, and the human nervous system. The basic principles of brain evolution are discussed, as are mechanisms of change. The reader can select from chapters on highly specific topics or those that provide an overview of current thinking and approaches, making this an indispensable work for students and researchers alike. Presents a broad range of topics, ranging from genetic control of development in invertebrates, to human cognition, offering a one-stop resource for the evolution of nervous systems throughout the animal kingdom Incorporates the expertise of over 100 outstanding investigators who provide their conclusions in the context of the latest experimental results Presents areas of disagreement and consensus views that provide a holistic view of the subjects under discussion

Structure and Evolution of Invertebrate Nervous Systems

Structure and Evolution of Invertebrate Nervous Systems
Author: Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 776
Release: 2015-12-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0191066214

The nervous system is particularly fascinating for many biologists because it controls animal characteristics such as movement, behavior, and coordinated thinking. Invertebrate neurobiology has traditionally been studied in specific model organisms, whilst knowledge of the broad diversity of nervous system architecture and its evolution among metazoan animals has received less attention. This is the first major reference work in the field for 50 years, bringing together many leading evolutionary neurobiologists to review the most recent research on the structure of invertebrate nervous systems and provide a comprehensive and authoritative overview for a new generation of researchers. Presented in full colour throughout, Structure and Evolution of Invertebrate Nervous Systems synthesizes and illustrates the numerous new findings that have been made possible with light and electron microscopy. These include the recent introduction of new molecular and optical techniques such as immunohistochemical staining of neuron-specific antigens and fluorescence in-situ-hybridization, combined with visualization by confocal laser scanning microscopy. New approaches to analysing the structure of the nervous system are also included such as micro-computational tomography, cryo-soft X-ray tomography, and various 3-D visualization techniques. The book follows a systematic and phylogenetic structure, covering a broad range of taxa, interspersed with chapters focusing on selected topics in nervous system functioning which are presented as research highlights and perspectives. This comprehensive reference work will be an essential companion for graduate students and researchers alike in the fields of metazoan neurobiology, morphology, zoology, phylogeny and evolution.

Evolution of the Nervous System

Evolution of the Nervous System
Author: Harvey B. Sarnat
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 546
Release: 1981
Genre: Anatomy, Comparative
ISBN:

Examines the evolutionary factors that have influenced the structure of the normal and abnormal human nervous system.

Brain Architecture : Understanding the Basic Plan

Brain Architecture : Understanding the Basic Plan
Author: and Director NIBS Neuroscience Program University of Southern California Larry W. Swanson Milo Don and Lucille Appleman Professor of Biological Sciences
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 283
Release: 2002-10-23
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0198026463

Depending on your point of view the brain is an organ, a machine, a biological computer, or simply the most important component of the nervous system. How does it work as a whole? What are its major parts and how are they interconnected to generate thinking, feelings, and behavior? This book surveys 2,500 years of scientific thinking about these profoundly important questions from the perspective of fundamental architectural principles, and then proposes a new model for the basic plan of neural systems organization based on an explosion of structural data emerging from the neuroanatomy revolution of the 1970's. The importance of a balance between theoretical and experimental morphology is stressed throughout the book. Great advances in understanding the brain's basic plan have come especially from two traditional lines of biological thought-- evolution and embryology, because each begins with the simple and progresses to the more complex. Understanding the organization of brain circuits, which contain thousands of links or pathways, is much more difficult. It is argued here that a four-system network model can explain the structure-function organization of the brain. Possible relationships between neural networks and gene networks revealed by the human genome project are explored in the final chapter. The book is written in clear and sparkling prose, and it is profusely illustrated. It is designed to be read by anyone with an interest in the basic organization of the brain, from neuroscience to philosophy to computer science to molecular biology. It is suitable for use in neuroscience core courses because it presents basic principles of the structure of the nervous system in a systematic way.

Old Questions and Young Approaches to Animal Evolution

Old Questions and Young Approaches to Animal Evolution
Author: José M. Martín-Durán
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 284
Release: 2019-07-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030182029

Animal evolution has always been at the core of Biology, but even today many fundamental questions remain open. The field of animal ‘evo-devo’ is leveraging recent technical and conceptual advances in development, paleontology, genomics and transcriptomics to propose radically different answers to traditional evolutionary controversies. This book is divided into four parts, each of which approaches animal evolution from a different perspective. The first part (chapters 2 and 3) investigates how new sources of evidence have changed conventional views of animal origins, while the second (chapters 4–8) addresses the connection between embryogenesis and evolution, and the genesis of cellular, tissue and morphological diversity. The third part (chapters 9 and 10) investigates how big data in molecular biology is transforming our understanding of the mechanisms governing morphological change in animals. In closing, the fourth part (chapters 11–13) explores new theoretical and conceptual approaches to animal evolution. ‘Old questions and young approaches to animal evolution’ offers a comprehensive and updated view of animal evolutionary biology that will serve both as a first step into this fascinating field for students and university educators, and as a review of complementary approaches for researchers.

Development of the Nervous System

Development of the Nervous System
Author: Dan H. Sanes
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 388
Release: 2005-11-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080472494

Development of the Nervous System, Second Edition has been thoroughly revised and updated since the publication of the First Edition. It presents a broad outline of neural development principles as exemplified by key experiments and observations from past and recent times. The text is organized along a development pathway from the induction of the neural primordium to the emergence of behavior. It covers all the major topics including the patterning and growth of the nervous system, neuronal determination, axonal navigation and targeting, synapse formation and plasticity, and neuronal survival and death. This new text reflects the complete modernization of the field achieved through the use of model organisms and the intensive application of molecular and genetic approaches. The original, artist-rendered drawings from the First Edition have all been redone and colorized to so that the entire text is in full color. This new edition is an excellent textbook for undergraduate and graduate level students in courses such as Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Developmental Biology. Updates information including all the new developments made in the field since the first edition Now in full color throughout, with the original, artist-rendered drawings from the first edition completely redone, revised, colorized, and updated

The Nervous Systems of Invertebrates: An Evolutionary and Comparative Approach

The Nervous Systems of Invertebrates: An Evolutionary and Comparative Approach
Author: O. Breidbach
Publisher: Birkhäuser
Total Pages: 453
Release: 2013-03-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3034892195

In this volume outstanding specialists review the state of the art in nervous system research for all main invertebrate groups. They provide a comprehensive up-to-date analysis important for everyone working on neuronal aspects of single groups, as well as taking into account the phylogenesis of invertebrates. The articles report on recently gained knowledge about diversification in the invertebrate nervous systems, and demonstrate the analytical power of a comparative approach. Novel techniques in molecular and developmental biology are creating new perspectives that point toward a theoretical foundation for a modern organismic biology. The comparative approach, as documented here, will engage the interest of anyone challenged by the problem of structural diversification in biology.

The Wiley Handbook of Evolutionary Neuroscience

The Wiley Handbook of Evolutionary Neuroscience
Author: Stephen V. Shepherd
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 602
Release: 2017-01-30
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1119994691

Comprehensive and authoritative, The Wiley Handbook of Evolutionary Neuroscience unifies the diverse strands of an interdisciplinary field exploring the evolution of brains and cognition. A comprehensive reference that unifies the diverse interests and approaches associated with the neuroscientific study of brain evolution and the emergence of cognition Tackles some of the biggest questions in neuroscience including what brains are for, what factors constrain their biological development, and how they evolve and interact Provides a broad and balanced view of the subject, reviewing both vertebrate and invertebrate anatomy and emphasizing their shared origins and mechanisms Features contributions from highly respected scholars in their fields

The Human Nervous System

The Human Nervous System
Author: George Paxinos
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 1211
Release: 2012-12-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0323139892

The Human Nervous System is a definitive account of human neuroanatomy, with a comprehensive coverage of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system. The cytoarchitecture, chemoarchitecture, connectivity, and major functions of neuronal structures are examined by acknowledged authorities in the field, such as: Alheid, Amaral, Armstrong, Beitz, Burke, de Olmos, Difiglia, Garey, Gerrits, Gibbins, Holstege, Kaas, Martin, McKinley, Norgren, Ohye, Paxinos, Pearson, Pioro, Price, Saper, Sasaki, Schoenen, Tadork, Voogd, Webster, Zilles, and their associates. Large, clearly designed 8-1/2" x 11" format 35 information-packed chapters 500 photomicrographs and diagrams 6,200 bibliographic entries Table of contents for every chapter Exceptionally cross-referenced Detailed subject index Substantial original research work Mini atlases of some brain regions