Tobacco Control Legislation

Tobacco Control Legislation
Author: D. Douglas Blanke
Publisher: World Health Organization
Total Pages: 308
Release: 2004
Genre: International cooperation
ISBN: 9789241562683

On title page: Tools for advancing tobacco control in the 21st century.

Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products

Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 341
Release: 2015-07-23
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309316278

Tobacco use by adolescents and young adults poses serious concerns. Nearly all adults who have ever smoked daily first tried a cigarette before 26 years of age. Current cigarette use among adults is highest among persons aged 21 to 25 years. The parts of the brain most responsible for cognitive and psychosocial maturity continue to develop and change through young adulthood, and adolescent brains are uniquely vulnerable to the effects of nicotine. At the request of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products considers the likely public health impact of raising the minimum age for purchasing tobacco products. The report reviews the existing literature on tobacco use patterns, developmental biology and psychology, health effects of tobacco use, and the current landscape regarding youth access laws, including minimum age laws and their enforcement. Based on this literature, the report makes conclusions about the likely effect of raising the minimum age to 19, 21, and 25 years on tobacco use initiation. The report also quantifies the accompanying public health outcomes based on findings from two tobacco use simulation models. According to the report, raising the minimum age of legal access to tobacco products, particularly to ages 21 and 25, will lead to substantial reductions in tobacco use, improve the health of Americans across the lifespan, and save lives. Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products will be a valuable reference for federal policy makers and state and local health departments and legislators.

Evaluation of the Tobacco Demand Reduction Strategy

Evaluation of the Tobacco Demand Reduction Strategy
Author: Canada. Health Canada. Strategic Planning and Review Directorate. Evaluation Group
Publisher:
Total Pages: 154
Release: 1998
Genre: Smoking
ISBN:

The federal Tobacco Demand Reduction Strategy was introduced in 1994 to minimize any increase in tobacco consumption, increase the priority of tobacco control as a public health measure, and increase public knowledge of the dangers associated with tobacco use & second-hand smoke. This report presents the results of an evaluation of the Strategy. The overall evaluation approach was to examine each component of the Strategy to see what activities were undertaken, what outputs were produced, whether the intended target groups were reached, and what impacts the Strategy had on those groups. The first two chapters describe the Strategy and the evaluation questions & methodology. The main part provides results of evaluations of individual Strategy components: legislation & enforcement, public education & awareness, strengthening community capacity to address tobacco issues, information access, anti-smoking initiatives directed at Aboriginal people, anti-smoking message promotion, and research. This is followed by a review of the overall context of the tobacco control environment in Canada in terms of broad indicators such as prevalence, public attitudes & knowledge, and anti-smoking policies. The final chapter summarizes findings from interviews with health stakeholders on Strategy-wide issues in three categories: program design & resources; achievement of Strategy objectives and the impacts & effects of the Strategy; and lessons learned & alternatives. Appendices include: a summary of federal & provincial tobacco legislation; lists of Strategy programs; a summary of findings of research conducted under the Strategy; and a technical report on the relationship between cigarette prices and demand.

E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: a Report of the Surgeon General

E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: a Report of the Surgeon General
Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Publisher:
Total Pages: 293
Release: 2019-07-26
Genre:
ISBN: 9781082814914

Tobacco use among youth and young adults in any form, including e-cigarettes, is not safe. In recent years, e-cigarette use by youth and young adults has increased at an alarming rate. E-cigarettes are now the most commonly used tobacco product among youth in the United States. This timely report highlights the rapidly changing patterns of e-cigarette use among youth and young adults, assesses what we know about the health effects of using these products, and describes strategies that tobacco companies use to recruit our nation's youth and young adults to try and continue using e-cigarettes. The report also outlines interventions that can be adopted to minimize the harm these products cause to our nation's youth.E-cigarettes are tobacco products that deliver nicotine. Nicotine is a highly addictive substance, and many of today's youth who are using e-cigarettes could become tomorrow's cigarette smokers. Nicotine exposure can also harm brain development in ways that may affect the health and mental health of our kids.E-cigarette use among youth and young adults is associated with the use of other tobacco products, including conventional cigarettes. Because most tobacco use is established during adolescence, actions to prevent our nation's young people from the potential of a lifetime of nicotine addiction are critical.E-cigarette companies appear to be using many of the advertising tactics the tobacco industry used to persuade a new generation of young people to use their products. Companies are promoting their products through television and radio advertisements that use celebrities, sexual content, and claims of independence to glamorize these addictive products and make them appealing to young people.

Addendum

Addendum
Author: Canada. Department of Health
Publisher:
Total Pages: 49
Release: 1997
Genre:
ISBN:

Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality

Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 131
Release: 2013-04-16
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309264049

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in United States, causing more than 440,000 deaths annually and resulting in $193 billion in health-related economic losses each year-$96 billion in direct medical costs and $97 billion in lost productivity. Since the first U.S. Surgeon General's report on smoking in 1964, more than 29 Surgeon General's reports, drawing on data from thousands of studies, have documented the overwhelming and conclusive biologic, epidemiologic, behavioral, and pharmacologic evidence that tobacco use is deadly. This evidence base links tobacco use to the development of multiple types of cancer and other life-threatening conditions, including cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Smoking accounts for at least 30 percent of all cancer deaths, and 80 percent of lung cancer deaths. Despite the widespread agreement on the dangers of tobacco use and considerable success in reducing tobacco use prevalence from over 40 percent at the time of the 1964 Surgeon General's report to less than 20 percent today, recent progress in reducing tobacco use has slowed. An estimated 18.9 percent of U.S. adults smoke cigarettes, nearly one in four high school seniors smoke, and 13 percent of high school males use smokeless tobacco products. In recognition that progress in combating cancer will not be fully achieved without addressing the tobacco problem, the National Cancer Policy Forum of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) convened a public workshop, Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality, June 11-12, 2012 in Washington, DC. In opening remarks to the workshop participants, planning committee chair Roy Herbst, professor of medicine and of pharmacology and chief of medical oncology at Yale Cancer Center and Smilow Cancer Hospital, described the goals of the workshop, which were to examine the current obstacles to tobacco control and to discuss potential policy, outreach, and treatment strategies that could overcome these obstacles and reduce tobacco-related cancer incidence and mortality. Experts explored a number of topics, including: the changing demographics of tobacco users and the changing patterns of tobacco product use; the influence of tobacco use on cancer incidence and cancer treatment outcomes; tobacco dependence and cessation programs; federal and state level laws and regulations to curtail tobacco use; tobacco control education, messaging, and advocacy; financial and legal challenges to tobacco control efforts; and research and infrastructure needs to support tobacco control strategies, reduce tobacco related cancer incidence, and improve cancer patient outcomes. Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality summarizes the workshop.