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| Author | : Steven M. Teutsch |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
| Total Pages | : 422 |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0195138279 |
"This text presents an organized approach to planning, developing, and implementing public health surveillance systems. It has a broad scope, discussing legal and ethical issues as well as technical problems"--Jacket cover.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 252 |
| Release | : 2011-01-25 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 030918763X |
Following the attacks of September 11, 2001 and the anthrax letters, the ability to detect biological threats as quickly as possible became a top priority. In 2003 the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) introduced the BioWatch program-a federal monitoring system intended to speed detection of specific biological agents that could be released in aerosolized form during a biological attack. The present volume evaluates the costs and merits of both the current BioWatch program and the plans for a new generation of BioWatch devices. BioWatch and Public Health Surveillance also examines infectious disease surveillance through hospitals and public health agencies in the United States, and considers whether BioWatch and traditional infectious disease surveillance are redundant or complementary.
| Author | : Marisa Peyre |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 326 |
| Release | : 2022-04-01 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3030827275 |
This book outlines essential elements of the evaluation of health surveillance within the One Health concept. It provides an introduction to basic theoretical notions of evaluation and vividly discusses related challenges. Expert authors cover the entire spectrum of available, innovative methods, from those for system process evaluations to methods for the economic evaluation of the surveillance strategies. Each chapter provides a detailed description of the methodology required and the tools available as illustrated by practical examples of animal health or One Health surveillance evaluations in both developed and developing countries. Targeting not only scientists, including epidemiologists, but also technical advisers of decision-makers, the present work is suitable for the evaluation of any type of health surveillance system - animal, human or combined - regardless of the socio-economic context. The volume is richly equipped with practical tools and examples, which enables the reader to apply the methods described. Increasing importance of health surveillance, and threats from disease outbreaks such as the coronavirus pandemic, underline the practical relevance of this work, which will fill an important gap in the literature.
| Author | : Lisa M. Lee |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
| Total Pages | : 460 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 0195372921 |
Public health surveillance is the systematic, ongoing assessment of the health of a community, based on the collection, interpretation, and use of health data. Surveillance provides information necessary for public health decision making and interventions. In the third edition of Principles and Practice of Public Health Surveillance, the editors present an organized approach to planning, developing, and implementing public health surveillance systems in response to the rapidly changing field of public health. Substantially revised and expanded on, this edition continues to examine further the expansion of surveillance of disease and health determinants, as well as the recent advances in data management and informatics. Major sections of the book focus on bioresponse and preparedness, risk behaviors, and environmental exposure, while the ethical considerations and policy justification for public health surveillance are also explored. Drawing largely from the experience of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other experts in the field, this book provides an excellent framework that collectively improves the surveillance foundation of public health. It will continue to serve as the standard text in the field, an invaluable resource for public health students and the desk reference for public health practitioners.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 425 |
| Release | : 2003-09-29 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 030908928X |
Food safety regulators face a daunting task: crafting food safety performance standards and systems that continue in the tradition of using the best available science to protect the health of the American public, while working within an increasingly antiquated and fragmented regulatory framework. Current food safety standards have been set over a period of years and under diverse circumstances, based on a host of scientific, legal, and practical constraints. Scientific Criteria to Ensure Safe Food lays the groundwork for creating new regulations that are consistent, reliable, and ensure the best protection for the health of American consumers. This book addresses the biggest concerns in food safetyâ€"including microbial disease surveillance plans, tools for establishing food safety criteria, and issues specific to meat, dairy, poultry, seafood, and produce. It provides a candid analysis of the problems with the current system, and outlines the major components of the task at hand: creating workable, streamlined food safety standards and practices.
| Author | : Institute of Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 200 |
| Release | : 2011-08-26 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309212197 |
Chronic diseases are common and costly, yet they are also among the most preventable health problems. Comprehensive and accurate disease surveillance systems are needed to implement successful efforts which will reduce the burden of chronic diseases on the U.S. population. A number of sources of surveillance data-including population surveys, cohort studies, disease registries, administrative health data, and vital statistics-contribute critical information about chronic disease. But no central surveillance system provides the information needed to analyze how chronic disease impacts the U.S. population, to identify public health priorities, or to track the progress of preventive efforts. A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases outlines a conceptual framework for building a national chronic disease surveillance system focused primarily on cardiovascular and chronic lung diseases. This system should be capable of providing data on disparities in incidence and prevalence of the diseases by race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic region, along with data on disease risk factors, clinical care delivery, and functional health outcomes. This coordinated surveillance system is needed to integrate and expand existing information across the multiple levels of decision making in order to generate actionable, timely knowledge for a range of stakeholders at the local, state or regional, and national levels. The recommendations presented in A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases focus on data collection, resource allocation, monitoring activities, and implementation. The report also recommends that systems evolve along with new knowledge about emerging risk factors, advancing technologies, and new understanding of the basis for disease. This report will inform decision-making among federal health agencies, especially the Department of Health and Human Services; public health and clinical practitioners; non-governmental organizations; and policy makers, among others.
| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 197 |
| Release | : 2019-07-19 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309492688 |
Physical activity has far-reaching benefits for physical, mental, emotional, and social health and well-being for all segments of the population. Despite these documented health benefits and previous efforts to promote physical activity in the U.S. population, most Americans do not meet current public health guidelines for physical activity. Surveillance in public health is the ongoing systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of outcome-specific data, which can then be used for planning, implementation and evaluation of public health practice. Surveillance of physical activity is a core public health function that is necessary for monitoring population engagement in physical activity, including participation in physical activity initiatives. Surveillance activities are guided by standard protocols and are used to establish baseline data and to track implementation and evaluation of interventions, programs, and policies that aim to increase physical activity. However, physical activity is challenging to assess because it is a complex and multidimensional behavior that varies by type, intensity, setting, motives, and environmental and social influences. The lack of surveillance systems to assess both physical activity behaviors (including walking) and physical activity environments (such as the walkability of communities) is a critical gap. Implementing Strategies to Enhance Public Health Surveillance of Physical Activity in the United States develops strategies that support the implementation of recommended actions to improve national physical activity surveillance. This report also examines and builds upon existing recommended actions.
| Author | : Lindsay Sanders |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 75 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Information storage and retrieval systems |
| ISBN | : 9781109796193 |
The purpose of this project was to evaluate the electronic laboratory reporting (ELR) system between the Alaska Native Medical Center and the State of Alaska Department of Health and Social Services Division of Public Health Section of Epidemiology (SOE). Several disease conditions are required by law to be reported to the State, including the six conditions used as a sample in this analysis: Chlamydia, gonorrhea, Hepatitis A, B, and C, and Salmonella. These conditions made up 94% of the infectious disease reports made to SOE in 2004. Evaluation followed Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines and included analysis of several attributes: simplicity, flexibility, data quality, acceptability, sensitivity, predictive value positive, representativeness, timeliness, and stability. The system was found to be very effective and efficient, with high degrees of simplicity, data quality, acceptability, sensitivity (generally), predictive values positive, and stability. However, it was found not to be very flexible to new demands, sensitivity was low for Salmonella, and timeliness and some characteristics of representativeness were not tracked; all of which need to be improved in the future. In addition to the system analysis, a nationwide survey was conducted to determine the progress toward implementing ELR in each state. Approximately 62% of the surveys were returned, and the responses revealed that most of the respondents are or will be implementing ELR in the near future.
| Author | : Phyllis Blood |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 4 |
| Release | : 1995 |
| Genre | : Medical statistics |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Institute of Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 284 |
| Release | : 2007-11-11 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309111145 |
Early detection is essential to the control of emerging, reemerging, and novel infectious diseases, whether naturally occurring or intentionally introduced. Containing the spread of such diseases in a profoundly interconnected world requires active vigilance for signs of an outbreak, rapid recognition of its presence, and diagnosis of its microbial cause, in addition to strategies and resources for an appropriate and efficient response. Although these actions are often viewed in terms of human public health, they also challenge the plant and animal health communities. Surveillance, defined as "the continual scrutiny of all aspects of occurrence and spread of a disease that are pertinent to effective control", involves the "systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health data." Disease detection and diagnosis is the act of discovering a novel, emerging, or reemerging disease or disease event and identifying its cause. Diagnosis is "the cornerstone of effective disease control and prevention efforts, including surveillance." Disease surveillance and detection relies heavily on the astute individual: the clinician, veterinarian, plant pathologist, farmer, livestock manager, or agricultural extension agent who notices something unusual, atypical, or suspicious and brings this discovery in a timely way to the attention of an appropriate representative of human public health, veterinary medicine, or agriculture. Most developed countries have the ability to detect and diagnose human, animal, and plant diseases. Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection: Assessing the Challenges-Finding Solutions, Workshop Summary is part of a 10 book series and summarizes the recommendations and presentations of the workshop.
