Evaluating Trade Reform Using Ex Post Criteria
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Author | : Jiandong Ju |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 60 |
Release | : 1997 |
Genre | : Free trade |
ISBN | : |
In contrast to existing work which takes an ex-ante approach and looks for policy prescriptions which yield welfare improvements, we take an ex-post approach. We ask whether there are indicators which show whether welfare has risen or not in the wake of a reform. That is, we look for evidence of welfare improvements in outcome space. Necessary and sufficient conditions for welfare improving trade reform are derived. These conditions are shown to be useful in evaluating Free Trade Areas and in reforming Article XXIV of GATT.
Author | : OECD |
Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
Total Pages | : 187 |
Release | : 2004-05-11 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9264015035 |
This publication offers valuable lessons for applying tradeable permits and provides links between policy evaluation and policy making general.
Author | : Markus W. Gehring |
Publisher | : Kluwer Law International B.V. |
Total Pages | : 778 |
Release | : 2005-01-01 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 9041123660 |
In Johannesburg at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, over one hundred and eighty states assumed a collective responsibility to advance and strengthen the interdependent and mutually reinforcing pillars of sustainable development economic development, social development, an environmental protection at the local, national, regional and global levels. This remarkable collection of papers, sponsored by the Centre for International Sustainable Development Law (CISDL), demonstrates that sustainable development serves as a unifying concept with the potential to facilitate much-needed respect for international law and timely implementation of diverse and overlapping international commitments. It builds on the substance of a rich and complex debate at the intersections among economic, social, and environmental law, bringing together a broad cross-section of viewpoints and voices. The authors review recent developments in WTO discussions and negotiations, and in the recent decisions of the WTO Appellate Body, from a sustainable development law perspective. They also survey relevant new developments in trade and economic agreements at regional, inter-regional and bi-lateral levels. The various essays focus on sustainable development aspects of key issues in recent trade negotiations such as the Singapore Issues (investment, competition, trade facilitation, and government procurement), intellectual property rights, investment arbitration and the linkage between the WTO and multilateral environmental accords, (MEAand¿s).. Among the specific topics covered are the following: Emerging areas of law and policy in trade and sustainable development, The underlying development agendas in global trade law negotiations, Cooperation and potential negotiation on international competition law, Sustainable development aspects of intellectual property rights negotiations, Overlaps between multilateral environmental accords (MEAand¿s) and the WTO, Recent developments in WTO dispute settlement procedures and proceedings, Human rights and environmental opportunities from trade liberalisation and increased market acces, Human rights and environment impact assessment techniques used to analyse trade agreements, Recent developments in bi-lateral and regional trade agreements. Trade, investment, and competition law practitioners and negotiators in developed and developing countries will find this book of great value, as will development and environment law professionals with responsibility for trade and WTO law related matters. With rich contributions from leading trade law practitioners, academics, and WTO panel and appellate body roster members, Sustainable Developments in World Trade Law offers a constructive, timely and accessible expert analysis of recent discussions and advances in the field, providing an integrated and essential guide to some of the most important issues in international economic law today.
Author | : Andrew Jordan |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 496 |
Release | : 2021-05-06 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 0429688652 |
The European Union (EU) has a hugely important effect on the way in which environmental policies are framed, designed and implemented in many parts of the world, but especially Europe. The new edition of this leading textbook provides a state-of-the-art analysis of the EU’s environmental policies. Comprising five parts, Environmental Policy in the EU covers the rapidly changing context in which EU environmental policies are made, the key actors who interact to co-produce them and the most salient dynamics of policy making, ranging from agenda setting and decision making, through to implementation and evaluation. Written by leading international experts, individual chapters examine how the EU is responding to a multitude of different challenges, including biodiversity loss, climate change, energy insecurity, and water and air pollution. They tease out the different ways in which the EU’s policies on these topics co-evolve with national and international environmental policies. In this systematically updated fourth edition, a wider array of learning features are employed to ensure that readers fully understand how EU environmental policies have developed over the last 50 years and how they are currently adapting to the rapidly evolving challenges of the twenty-first century, including the COVID-19 pandemic. It is an essential resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students studying environmental policy and politics, climate change, environmental law and EU politics more broadly. The Open Access versions of chapters 19 and 20, available at https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429402333, have been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Author | : OECD |
Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
Total Pages | : 147 |
Release | : 2013-12-23 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9264202382 |
This whole-of-government assessment examines policies to attract and benefit from investment in the sector and identifies short- to medium-term measures to improve and strengthen the country's capacity for policy design.
Author | : OECD |
Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
Total Pages | : 121 |
Release | : 2010-06-18 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9264086846 |
This study identifies the most cost-effective policy instruments to address agri-environmental issues in a variety of different situations.
Author | : James Shortle |
Publisher | : Springer Nature |
Total Pages | : 410 |
Release | : 2021-06-12 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 3030470873 |
Water pollution control has been a top environmental policy priority of the world’s most developed countries for decades, and the focus of significant regulation and public and private spending. Yet, significant water quality problems remain, and trends for some pollutants are in the wrong direction. This book addresses the economics of water pollution control and water pollution control policy in agriculture, with an aim towards providing students, environmental policy analysts, and other environmental professionals with economic concepts and tools essential to understanding the problem and crafting solutions that can be effective and efficient. The book will also examine existing policies and proposed reforms in the developed world. Although this book addresses and has a general applicability to major water pollutants from agriculture (e.g., pesticides, pharmaceuticals, sediments, nutrients), it will focus on the sediment and nutrient pollution problem. The economic and scientific foundations for pollution management are best developed for these pollutants, and they are currently the top priorities of policy makers. Accordingly, the authors provide both highly salient and informative cases for developing concepts and methods of general applicability, with high profile examples such as the Chesapeake Bay, Lake Erie, and the Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone in the US; the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe; and Lake Taupo in New Zealand.
Author | : OECD |
Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
Total Pages | : 226 |
Release | : 2015-10-28 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9264238778 |
Regulations are essential to promoting economic growth, social welfare and environmental protection. But they can also be costly and ineffective. Based on a unique survey of OECD members, this Outlook is the first evidence-based analysis of the progress made by countries to improve regulation.
Author | : Ann Harding |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 607 |
Release | : 2017-10-19 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 1351914928 |
In the past fifteen years, microsimulation models have become firmly established as vital tools for analysis of the distributional impact of changes in governmental programmes. Across Europe, the US, Canada and Australia, microsimulation models are used extensively to assess who are the winners and losers from proposed policy reforms; this is now expanding into new frontiers, both geographically and in terms of policy areas. With contributions from more than 60 international experts, this volume offers a comprehensive introduction to the state of microsimulation internationally, illustrating a wide range of new applications and approaches. It will be of relevance to government policy makers, social policy planners, economists and those concerned with predicting the impact of public policy change and to academics in a variety of disciplines, especially social and public policy, human geography, development studies and economics.
Author | : International Monetary Fund |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 59 |
Release | : 2015-04-09 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1498344232 |
The Seventh PMR includes: (i) a discussion of progress made over the last year on the actions corresponding to four Management Implementation Plans (MIPs) that were classified as still “in progress” in the previous PMR; and (ii) an assessment of the progress made in achieving the high-level objectives in three areas directly related to those MIPs. In addition, an update on substantive issues related to five older MIPs agreed since 2007 is provided at the end of the report. Three new evaluations have been completed by the IEO since March 2014. In July and August 2015, Management issued the MIPs in response to these evaluations. Given that only a short time has passed since their completion, progress in addressing the actions contemplated in those MIPs will be discussed in the next PMR.