Europes First Farmers
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Author | : T. Douglas Price |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 416 |
Release | : 2000-09-14 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9780521665728 |
Essays by leading specialists on a central issue of European history: the transition to farming.
Author | : Stephen Shennan |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 274 |
Release | : 2018-05-03 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 1108397301 |
Knowledge of the origin and spread of farming has been revolutionised in recent years by the application of new scientific techniques, especially the analysis of ancient DNA from human genomes. In this book, Stephen Shennan presents the latest research on the spread of farming by archaeologists, geneticists and other archaeological scientists. He shows that it resulted from a population expansion from present-day Turkey. Using ideas from the disciplines of human behavioural ecology and cultural evolution, he explains how this process took place. The expansion was not the result of 'population pressure' but of the opportunities for increased fertility by colonising new regions that farming offered. The knowledge and resources for the farming 'niche' were passed on from parents to their children. However, Shennan demonstrates that the demographic patterns associated with the spread of farming resulted in population booms and busts, not continuous expansion.
Author | : Penny Bickle |
Publisher | : Oxbow Books |
Total Pages | : 561 |
Release | : 2013-07-09 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1842179128 |
From about 5500 cal BC to soon after 5000 cal BC, the lifeways of the first farmers of central Europe, the LBK culture (Linearbandkeramik), are seen in distinctive practices of longhouse use, settlement forms, landscape choice, subsistence, material culture and mortuary rites. Within the five or more centuries of LBK existence a dynamic sequence of changes can be seen in, for instance, the expansion and increasing density of settlement, progressive regionalisation in pottery decoration, and at the end some signs of stress or even localised crisis. Although showing many features in common across its very broad distribution, however, the LBK phenomenon was not everywhere the same, and there is a complicated mixture of uniformity and diversity. This major study takes a strikingly large regional sample, from northern Hungary westwards along the Danube to Alsace in the upper Rhine valley, and addresses the question of the extent of diversity in the lifeways of developed and late LBK communities, through a wide-ranging study of diet, lifetime mobility, health and physical condition, the presentation of the bodies of the deceased in mortuary ritual. It uses an innovative combination of isotopic (principally carbon, nitrogen and strontium, with some oxygen), osteological and archaeological analysis to address difference and change across the LBK, and to reflect on cultural change in general.
Author | : Sarunas Milisauskas |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 470 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9780306467936 |
The study of European archaeology dates back to the 19th century, but the number of archaeologists, projects, and publications has increased greatly during the last three decades. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the restructuring of several countries, archaeology in Europe has more opportunity for interaction and research than previously was possible. This comprehensive volume covers the Prehistoric period in Europe, from the earliest appearance of humans to the rise of the Roman Empire and includes the Paleolithic, Mesolithic Bronze and Iron Ages. Throughout these periods, the major developments and explored using the archaeological data including: technology; trade; settlement; warfare; ritual. Using methodologies and theories that were previously unknown in Europe decades ago, new discoveries and arguments are included in the research as well as reevaluations of previous discoveries. This work also includes a present geographical summary and how it impacts the current archaeological discoveries and research being conducted. European Prehistory: A Survey includes many comprehensive maps and site photos. It will be a vital resource to prehistoric archaeologists, anthropologists and historians in and outside of Europe.
Author | : Kurt J Gron |
Publisher | : Oxbow Books |
Total Pages | : 705 |
Release | : 2020-02-15 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1789251419 |
All farming in prehistoric Europe ultimately came from elsewhere in one way or another, unlike the growing numbers of primary centers of domestication and agricultural origins worldwide. This fact affects every aspect of our understanding of the start of farming on the continent because it means that ultimately, domesticated plants and animals came from somewhere else, and from someone else. In an area as vast as Europe, the process by which food production becomes the predominant subsistence strategy is of course highly variable, but in a sense the outcome is the same, and has the potential for addressing more large-scale questions regarding agricultural origins. Therefore, a detailed understanding of all aspects of farming in its absolute earliest form in various regions of Europe can potentially provide a new perspective on the mechanisms by which this monumental change comes to human societies and regions. In this volume, we aim to collect various perspectives regarding the earliest farming from across Europe. Methodological approaches, archaeological cultures, and geographic locations in Europe are variable, but all papers engage with the simple question: What was the earliest farming like? This volume opens a conversation about agriculture just after the transition in order to address the role incoming people, technologies, and adaptations have in secondary adoptions. The book starts with an introduction by the editors which will serve to contextualize the theme of the volume. The broad arguments concerning the process of neolithisation are addressed, and the rationale for the volume discussed. Contributions are ordered geographically and chronologically, given the progression of the Neolithic across Europe. The editors conclude the volume with a short commentary paper regarding the theme of the volume.
Author | : Attila Gyucha |
Publisher | : Cotsen Institute of Archaeology |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2023-04 |
Genre | : Art |
ISBN | : 9781950446452 |
Contains the Essay volume and the Exhibit Catalogue volume. The catalogue accompanies an international exhibition, "First Kings of Europe," and the essay volume, First Kings of Europe: From Farmers to Rulers in Prehistoric Southeastern Europe, that examine the artifacts and cultures of this area from the Neolithic to the Iron Age. Over several millennia, early agricultural villages gave rise to tribal kingdoms and monarchies, replacing smaller, more egalitarian social structures with complex state organizations led by royal individuals invested with power. Several hundred objects and artifacts in the exhibition are portrayed in the catalog, accompanied by introductory text and detailed entries for each item. The spectacular and highly detailed color photographs introduce us to the gold and silver ornaments, bronze and iron weaponry, rich metal hoards and magnificent ceremonial vessels that are masterpieces from this period of history. Many of them have never left their countries of origin, making this exhibition and these two volumes documenting it an opportunity not to miss.
Author | : Peter Bellwood |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 331 |
Release | : 2004-11-30 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 0631205659 |
First Farmers: the Origins of Agricultural Societies offers readers an understanding of the origins and histories of early agricultural populations in all parts of the world. Uses data from archaeology, comparative linguistics, and biological anthropology to cover developments over the past 12,000 years Examines the reasons for the multiple primary origins of agriculture Focuses on agricultural origins in and dispersals out of the Middle East, central Africa, China, New Guinea, Mesoamerica and the northern Andes Covers the origins and dispersals of major language families such as Indo-European, Austronesian, Sino-Tibetan, Niger-Congo and Uto-Aztecan
Author | : Amy Bogaard |
Publisher | : Psychology Press |
Total Pages | : 232 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9780415324854 |
This book evaluates competing models of early crop husbandry in Central Europe using available archaeobotanical evidence.
Author | : Catherine Perlès |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 298 |
Release | : 2001-10-04 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780521801812 |
This 2001 book looks at Neolithic society, including perspectives on funerary rituals and figurines.
Author | : Chris Fowler |
Publisher | : OUP Oxford |
Total Pages | : 856 |
Release | : 2015-03-26 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 0191666882 |
The Neolithic —a period in which the first sedentary agrarian communities were established across much of Europe—has been a key topic of archaeological research for over a century. However, the variety of evidence across Europe, the range of languages in which research is carried out, and the way research traditions in different countries have developed makes it very difficult for both students and specialists to gain an overview of continent-wide trends. The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe provides the first comprehensive, geographically extensive, thematic overview of the European Neolithic —from Iberia to Russia and from Norway to Malta —offering both a general introduction and a clear exploration of key issues and current debates surrounding evidence and interpretation. Chapters written by leading experts in the field examine topics such as the movement of plants, animals, ideas, and people (including recent trends in the application of genetics and isotope analyses); cultural change (from the first appearance of farming to the first metal artefacts); domestic architecture; subsistence; material culture; monuments; and burial and other treatments of the dead. In doing so, the volume also considers the history of research and sets out agendas and themes for future work in the field.