EU Gas Security Architecture

EU Gas Security Architecture
Author: Elina Brutschin
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 117
Release: 2017-01-23
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1137511508

This study traces the activities of the European Commission in the natural gas sector from 1990 to 2016, by concentrating on market liberalisation and infrastructure development as the main pillars of the European gas security architecture. By building on previous literature, the Commission's policymaking is analysed along its formal and informal powers in different energy security environments. In order to get a better understanding of the European energy market context, the reader is introduced into the historical development of the European energy policy in Chapter 2 and the literature on the European Union policymaking in Chapter 3. The analysis of the Commission's activities in the liberalisation (Chapter 4) and infrastructure (Chapter 5) sectors suggests that the Commission was able to effectively utilise networked governance during times when the demand for coordinated energy policies was low. This book will be of particular interest to those in the field of energy policies as well as EU policymaking.

A New Architecture for EU Gas Security of Supply

A New Architecture for EU Gas Security of Supply
Author: Jean-Michel Glachant
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2012
Genre: Energy industries
ISBN: 9789081690447

Is the EU on the right track to meet its stated objective: a true European energy security policy? Is the current architecture, on which the EU gas security-of-supply policy is built, able to deliver the responses necessary in order to meet the growing risks and the changing realities faced by EU gas security? How should European institutions and regulations adapt and respond? What tools are available to secure the gas supply? This book feeds these questions by taking stock of today's EU gas security-of-supply governance. It is based on the four-tier program - 'A New EU Gas Security of Supply Architecture' - organized by the Loyola de Palacio Chair, together with the Clingendael International Energy Program, the Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, and Wilton Park Conferences that took place in 2011/2012.

Rethinking the EU Gas Security of Supply Architecture

Rethinking the EU Gas Security of Supply Architecture
Author: Manfred Hafner
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:

The European gas industry has experienced over the last decades an extraordinary success. Natural gas could well continue to play an important -and even increasing- role in the future European energy mix. However, some actions will be necessary to reinforce the overall EU gas security of supply architecture.

Energy Security and Natural Gas Markets in Europe

Energy Security and Natural Gas Markets in Europe
Author: Tim Boersma
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 172
Release: 2015-08-27
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1317636635

Moving beyond most conventional thinking about energy security in Europe which revolves around stability of supplies and the reliability of suppliers, this book presents the history of European policy-making regarding energy resources, including recent controversies about shale gas and fracking. Using the United States as a benchmark, the author tests the hypothesis that EU energy security is at risk primarily because of a lack of market integration and cooperation between member states. This lack of integration still prohibits natural gas to flow freely throughout the continent, which makes parts of Europe vulnerable in case of supply disruptions. The book demonstrates that the EU gas market has been developing at different speeds, leaving the Northwest of the continent reasonably well integrated, with sufficient trade and liquidity and different supplies, whereas other parts are less developed. In these parts of Europe there is a structural lack of investments in infrastructure, interconnectors, reverse flow options and storage facilities. Thus, even though substantial progress has been made in parts of the EU, single source dependency often prevails, leaving the relevant member states vulnerable to market power abuse. Detailed comparisons are made of the situations in the Netherlands and Poland, and of energy policy in the USA. The book dismantles some of the existing assumptions about the concept of energy security, and touches upon the level of rhetoric that features in most energy security and policy debates in Europe.

Security of Europe's Gas Supply

Security of Europe's Gas Supply
Author: Andrew Macintosh
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

This Policy Brief offers a summation of the European Union's vulnerability to natural gas supply security risks. Research for this paper was carried out in the context of the SECURE project (Security of Energy Considering its Uncertainties, Risks and Economic Implications), funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme. The project aims to develop appropriate tools for evaluating the vulnerability of the EU to the different energy supply risks, and for promoting the optimisation of EU energy insecurity mitigation strategies, including investment, demand side management and dialogue with producing countries.

Shale Gas, the Environment and Energy Security

Shale Gas, the Environment and Energy Security
Author: Ruven Fleming
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 384
Release: 2017-09-29
Genre: LAW
ISBN: 1786433176

This pioneering and in-depth study into the regulation of shale gas extraction examines how changes in the constitutional set-ups of EU Member States over the last 25 years have substantially altered the legal leverage of environmental protection and energy security as state objectives. As well as offering the first formal assessment of the legality of fracking bans and moratoria, Ruven Fleming further proposes a new methodology for the development of legally sound regulation of new energy technologies in the context of the energy transition.

Energy Security

Energy Security
Author: Sanam S. Haghighi
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 510
Release: 2007-08-31
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1847313787

This book offers the first comprehensive assessment of the various internal and external measures undertaken by the European Union to guarantee security of oil and gas supply. It sets out and analyses in a coherent and thorough manner those aspects of EU external policy that are relevant in establishing a framework for guaranteeing energy security for the Union. What makes the book unique is that it is the first of its kind to bridge the gap between EU energy and EU external policy. The book discusses EU policy towards the major oil and gas producing countries of Russia, the Mediterranean and the Persian Gulf at the bilateral as well as regional and multilateral level. It brings together not only the dimensions of trade and investment but also other important aspects of external policy, namely development and foreign policy. The author argues that the EU's energy security cannot be achieved through adopting a purely internal approach to energy issues, but that it is necessary to adopt a holistic approach to external policy, covering efficient economic relations as well as development co-operation and foreign policies towards energy producing countries. The book will be a valuable resource for students of EU law, WTO law or international energy law, as well as scholars and practitioners dealing with energy issues.

Energy Security in Europe

Energy Security in Europe
Author: Kacper Szulecki
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 355
Release: 2017-10-13
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3319649647

This edited collection highlights the different meanings that have been attached to the notion of energy security and how it is taken to refer to different objects. Official policy definitions of energy security are broadly similar across countries and emphasize the reliability and affordability of access to sufficient energy resources for a community to uphold its normal economic and social functions. However, perceptions of energy security vary between states causing different actions to be taken, both in international relations and in domestic politics. Energy Security in Europe moves the policy debates on energy security beyond a consideration of its seemingly objective nature. It also provides a series of contributions that shed light on the conditions under which similar material factors are met with very different energy security policies and divergent discourses across Europe. Furthermore, it problematizes established notions prevalent in energy security studies, such as whether energy security is ‘geopolitical’, and an element of high politics, or purely ‘economic’, and should be left for the markets to regulate. This book will be of particular relevance to students and academics in the fields of energy studies and political science seeking to understand the divergence in perspectives and understandings of energy security challenges between EU member states and in multilateral relationships between the EU as a whole.

Anticipatory Strategies for Eastern European Natural Gas Security

Anticipatory Strategies for Eastern European Natural Gas Security
Author: Ryan Timothy Brown
Publisher:
Total Pages: 214
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

Countries asymmetrically dependent on the import of energy resources are potentially vulnerable to coercion from supplier states. Anticipating the potential for coercion, asymmetrically dependent states will make infrastructure improvements to substitute supply if the cost of these improvements is lower than the potential cost of coercion. This thesis provides a pricing framework for members of the European Union to estimate substitution strategies in order to reduce dependence on and the potential for coercion by Russia. Currently, Russia provides roughly 30% of the EU's natural gas consumption and half of this gas is transported by pipeline through Ukraine in order to secure gas security. In 2006 and 2009, supply disruptions occurred due to a breakdown in negotiations between Russia and Ukraine, and EU members responded by constructing the necessary infrastructure to substitute Russian gas transited through Ukraine. The infrastructure improvements employed by the EU and its member states are examined to provide a pricing framework for countries still asymmetrically dependent. These strategies include LNG import facilities, new pipeline construction, reversing the flow of existing pipelines, and adding natural gas storage. This thesis applies the pricing framework to Finland and Bulgaria to evaluate which strategies would be most effective in terms of cost and the provision of natural gas security. Further interconnection to the EU internal market is lowest in cost, but requires the cooperation of transit states in order to be effective. LNG import is reasonable in terms of capital expenditure and provides a viable short-term response to disruption, but the additional operating cost of LNG versus pipeline supply makes long term substitution via LNG too costly. Overall, countries can apply the pricing framework to evaluate their natural gas security and to reduce coercive vulnerability.

Energy Security, Trade and the EU

Energy Security, Trade and the EU
Author: Rafael Leal-Arcas
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 487
Release: 2016-10-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1785366742

Energy security is a burning issue in a world where 1.4 billion people still have no access to electricity. This book is about finding solutions for energy security through the international trading system. Focusing mainly on the European Union as a case study, this holistic and comprehensive analysis of the existing legal and geopolitical instruments strives to identify the shortcomings of the international and EU energy trade governance systems, concluding with the notion of a European Energy Union and what the EU is politically prepared to accept as part of its unified energy security.