Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality

Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality
Author: Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2015-06-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1513547437

This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.

Author:
Publisher: Soffer Publishing
Total Pages: 91
Release:
Genre:
ISBN:

Economics of Education

Economics of Education
Author: George Psacharopoulos
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 499
Release: 2014-05-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1483145255

Economics of Education: Research and Studies reviews key topics in the field of economics of education since 1960s. This book is organized into 12 parts. Part I and Part II focus on the supply side of human capital and narrower aspects of human capital creation by means of education. Subsequent parts look at the benefits of education; relationship between education and employment; controversies in the field of economics of education; issues of manpower planning; and methodology for empirically analyzing the issues in the economics of education. The last two parts address the costs of education, with emphasis on cost function, analysis and on the financing of education.

Equity and Efficiency in Economic Development

Equity and Efficiency in Economic Development
Author: Donald J. Savoie
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Total Pages: 440
Release: 1992-10-16
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0773562990

The ideological foundations of the contributors range from personalized neo-Marxism, through "extreme centre" neo-Keynesianism, to hard-line neoclassical mathematical economics. Despite this diversity there is a surprising degree of consensus. No contributor advocates centralized planning and none expects a free market to cure all economic ills. Opinions vary as to how well the market actually works, but all agree that equity and efficiency are essential goals which most consider to be complementary rather than mutually exclusive. In the concluding chapter it is suggested that current economic problems are caused not so much by government intervention as by the nature of that intervention. The authors believe that the recent ideological convergence may lead to a new paradigm, a theory of the optimal blend of market and management that will be flexible enough to deal with the varying conditions of diverse societies, thus simplifying the task of creating a smooth-running global economy. The contributors are Irma Adelman, Mark Blaug, Kenneth Boulding, Irving Brecher, Albert Breton, John S. Chipman, André Gunder Frank, Martha Fuentes Frank, Niles Hansen, Murray C. Kemp, Robin Marris, Richard Musgrave, Walt Rostow, Donald J. Savoie, Nicholas Spulber, and Paul Streeten. Higgins himself contributes a chapter on basic concepts and collaborates with Donald Savoie on the final chapter.

Economic Growth and Sustainable Development

Economic Growth and Sustainable Development
Author: Peter N. Hess
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 704
Release: 2013-04-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1135091781

Economic growth, reflected in increases in national output per capita, makes possible an improved material standard of living. Sustainable development, popularly and concisely defined as ‘meeting the needs of the present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs,' directly addresses the utilization of natural resources, the state of the environment, and intergenerational equity. Fundamental questions addressed in this textbook include: What causes economic growth? Why do some countries grow faster than others? What accounts for the extraordinary growth in the world’s population over the past two centuries? What are the current trends in population and will these trends continue? Are there limits to economic growth and population growth due to resource constraints and environmental thresholds? Is sustainable development compatible with economic growth? Can sustainable development be attained without addressing the extreme poverty that afflicts over a billion of the world’s population? This interdisciplinary textbook uses a blend of formal models, empirical evidence, history and policy to provide a coherent and comprehensive treatment of economic growth and sustainable development.

The Right Place

The Right Place
Author: Arturo Bris
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2021-07-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1000327795

The Right Place explains why firms succeed in one country and fail in another, irrespective of their inner drivers, and suggests potential initiatives that governments can take to help the private sector create jobs and, consequently, make their countries more prosperous. The competitiveness race is not unlike a cycling race. If you want to ride fast, you need three things: a good bike, to be in good shape, and a smooth and fast road. In a collaborative model, you might say the business is the bicycle, the business leader is the cyclist, and the road is the government and the external environment. The responsibility of a government is to design and build the best possible road. It turns out that when the road is good, good cyclists suddenly appear and want to race on it. In this book, competition and macroeconomics expert, Arturo Bris, provides the analysis of country competitive performance based on 30 years advising countries on this topic. The typical mistakes that countries make are revealed and the pillars necessary in building a competitive economy: economic performance as a necessary condition for prosperity; government efficiency, so the public sector can create the conditions for a productive economy; business efficiency, so companies can create jobs; and infrastructure, both tangible and intangible, so businesses and individuals can operate efficiently. With contemporary case studies throughout, the book provides an illuminating read for politicians, business leaders and students of macroeconomics.