Transcendental Arguments and Science

Transcendental Arguments and Science
Author: P. Bieri
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 318
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9400994109

The goal of the present volume is to discuss the notion of a 'conceptual framework' or 'conceptual scheme', which has been dominating much work in the analysis and justification of knowledge in recent years. More specifi cally, this volume is designed to clarify the contrast between two competing approaches in the area of problems indicated by this notion: On the one hand, we have the conviction, underlying much present-day work in the philosophy of science, that the best we can hope for in the justifi cation of empirical knowledge is to reconstruct the conceptual means actually employed by science, and to develop suitable models for analyzing conceptual change involved in the progress of science. This view involves the assumption that we should stop taking foundational questions of epistemology seriously and discard once and for all the quest for uncontrovertible truth. The result ing program of justifying epistemic claims by subsequently describing patterns of inferentially connected concepts as they are at work in actual science is closely connected with the idea of naturalizing epistemology, with concep tual relativism, and with a pragmatic interpretation of knowledge. On the other hand, recent epistemology tends to claim that no subsequent reconstruction of actually employed conceptual frameworks is sufficient for providing epistemic justification for our beliefs about the world. This second claim tries to resist the naturalistic and pragmatic approach to epistemology and insists on taking the epistemological sceptic seriously.

Philosophical Knowledge

Philosophical Knowledge
Author: Christian Beyer
Publisher: Rodopi
Total Pages: 315
Release: 2007
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9042022345

Philosophical Intuitions: Their Target, Their Source, and Their Epistemic Status; Naturalism and Intuitions; Intuitions: Their Nature and Epistemic Efficacy; The Nature of Rational Intuitions and a Fresh Look at the Explanationist Objection; Philosophical Knowledge and Knowledge of Counterfactuals; The Possibility of Knowledge; Transcendental Arguments: a Plea for Modesty; A Priori Existence.

Transcendental Arguments and Scepticism

Transcendental Arguments and Scepticism
Author: Robert Stern
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
Total Pages: 261
Release: 2000
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9780198250531

'A timely and important work... an excellent book.' -British Journal for the History of Philosophy'Stern moves briskly and deftly through a great deal of historical and contemporary work... Stern's book should be read by anyone interested in transcendental arguments or scepticism.' -The Philosophical Quarterly'The only monograph in English devoted entirely to transcendental arguments.' -The Philosophical Quarterly'Stern claims, no doubt correctly, that his is the only monograph in English devoted to this topic, and it is a timely and important work... this is an excellent book.' -British Journal for the History of Philosophy'Buy this book and a crate of wine, and work carefully through both of them in the company of a few like-minded colleagues.' -MINDRobert Stern investigates how scepticism can be countered by using transcendental arguments concerning the necessary conditions for the possibility of experience, language, or thought. He shows that the most damaging sceptical questions concern neither the certainty of our beliefs, nor the reliability of our belief-forming methods, but rather how we can justify our beliefs in the light of our doxastic norms.

The Possibility of Philosophical Understanding

The Possibility of Philosophical Understanding
Author: Jason Bridges
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 311
Release: 2011
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0195381653

Barry Stroud's work has had a profound impact on a very wide array of philosophical topics, but there has heretofore been no book-length treatment of his work. The current collection aims to redress this gap, with 13 essays on Stroud's work, all but one new to this volume.

Transcendental Arguments

Transcendental Arguments
Author: Robert Stern
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 348
Release: 2003
Genre: Transcendentalism
ISBN: 9780199261567

A distinguished team of philosophers offer a broad and stimulating examination of the nature, role and value of transcendental arguments, in interrelated essays specially written for this volume.

Transcendental Arguments and Justified Christian Belief

Transcendental Arguments and Justified Christian Belief
Author: Ronney Mourad
Publisher: University Press of America
Total Pages: 176
Release: 2005
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9780761830320

The famous clash between Edmund Burke and Tom Paine over the Enlightenment's "evil" or "liberating" potential in the French Revolution finds present-day parallels in the battle between those who see the Enlightenment at the origins of modernity's many ills, such as imperialism, racism, misogyny, and totalitarianism, and those who see it as having forged an age of democracy, human rights, and freedom. The essays collected by Charles Walton in Into Print paint a more complicated picture. By focusing on print culture--the production, circulation, and reception of Enlightenment thought--they show how the Enlightenment was shaped through practice and reshaped over time. These essays expand upon an approach to the study of the Enlightenment pioneered four decades ago: the social history of ideas. The contributors to Into Print examine how writers, printers, booksellers, regulators, police, readers, rumormongers, policy makers, diplomats, and sovereigns all struggled over that broad range of ideas and values that we now associate with the Enlightenment. They reveal the financial and fiscal stakes of the Enlightenment print industry and, in turn, how Enlightenment ideas shaped that industry during an age of expanding readership. They probe the limits of Enlightenment universalism, showing how demands for religious tolerance clashed with the demands of science and nationalism. They examine the transnational flow of Enlightenment ideas and opinions, exploring its domestic and diplomatic implications. Finally, they show how the culture of the Enlightenment figured in the outbreak and course of the French Revolution. Aside from the editor, the contributors are David A. Bell, Roger Chartier, Tabetha Ewing, Jeffrey Freedman, Carla Hesse, Thomas M. Luckett, Sarah Maza, Renato Pasta, Thierry Rigogne, Leonard N. Rosenband, Shanti Singham, and Will Slauter.

Knowledge, Reason, and Taste

Knowledge, Reason, and Taste
Author: Paul Guyer
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 281
Release: 2013-12-08
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0691151172

Immanuel Kant famously said that he was awoken from his "dogmatic slumbers," and led to question the possibility of metaphysics, by David Hume's doubts about causation. Because of this, many philosophers have viewed Hume's influence on Kant as limited to metaphysics. More recently, some philosophers have questioned whether even Kant's metaphysics was really motivated by Hume. In Knowledge, Reason, and Taste, renowned Kant scholar Paul Guyer challenges both of these views. He argues that Kant's entire philosophy--including his moral philosophy, aesthetics, and teleology, as well as his metaphysics--can fruitfully be read as an engagement with Hume. In this book, the first to describe and assess Hume's influence throughout Kant's philosophy, Guyer shows where Kant agrees or disagrees with Hume, and where Kant does or doesn't appear to resolve Hume's doubts. In doing so, Guyer examines the progress both Kant and Hume made on enduring questions about causes, objects, selves, taste, moral principles and motivations, and purpose and design in nature. Finally, Guyer looks at questions Kant and Hume left open to their successors.

Scepticism

Scepticism
Author: Arne Naess
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 180
Release: 2015-06-05
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1317440293

Originally published in 1968. Scepticism is generally regarded as a position which, if correct, would be disastrous for our everyday and scientific beliefs. According to this view, a sceptical argument is one that leads to the intuitively false conclusion that we cannot know anything. But there is another, much neglected and more radical form of scepticism, Pyrrhonism, which neither denies nor accepts the possibility of knowledge and is to be regarded not as a philosophical position so much as the expression of a philosophical way of life. Professor Naess argues that, given a sympathetic interpretation, Sextus Empiricus’s outline of Pyrrhonian scepticism provides the essentials of a genuine and rational sceptical point of view. He begins with a brief account of Pyrrhonism, then goes on to argue for the psychological possibility of this kind of scepticism, defending it against common objections, and examining some of its implications. The last two chapters provide detailed support for the rationality of Pyrrhonism, drawing mainly on certain methodological distinctions in semantics which both justify the Pyrrhonist’s failure to make assertions and restrict the scope of recent epistemological arguments against scepticism in such a way as to modify severely the conclusions based on them.

Themes from Klein

Themes from Klein
Author: Branden Fitelson
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 270
Release: 2019-03-22
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 3030045226

This volume features more than fifteen essays written in honor of Peter D. Klein. It explores the work and legacy of this prominent philosopher, who has had and continues to have a tremendous influence in the development of epistemology. The essays reflect the breadth and depth of Klein's work. They engage directly with his views and with the views of his interlocutors. In addition, a comprehensive introduction discusses the overall impact of Klein's philosophical work. It also explains how each of the essays in the book fits within that legacy. Coverage includes such topics as a knowledge-first account of defeasible reasoning, felicitous falsehoods, the possibility of foundationalist justification, the many formal faces of defeat, radical scepticism, and more. Overall, the book provides readers with an overview of Klein’s contributions to epistemology, his importance to twentieth and twenty-first-century philosophy, and a survey of his philosophical ideas and accomplishments. It's not only a celebration of the work of an important philosopher. It also offers readers an insightful journey into the nature of knowledge, scepticism, and justification.

Putting Skeptics in Their Place

Putting Skeptics in Their Place
Author: John Greco
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 282
Release: 2000-05-22
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 052177263X

This book, first published in 2000, examines the nature of skeptical arguments and their role in philosophical inquiry.