Environmental Factors Of Recycled Paper Manufacturing
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| Author | : Pratima Bajpai |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 315 |
| Release | : 2013-11-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0124171699 |
Paper recycling in an increasingly environmentally conscious world is gaining importance. Increased recycling activities are being driven by robust overseas markets as well as domestic demand. Recycled fibers play a very important role today in the global paper industry as a substitute for virgin pulps. Paper recovery rates continue to increase year after year Recycling technologies have been improved in recent years by advances in pulping, flotation deinking and cleaning/screening, resulting in the quality of paper made from secondary fibres approaching that of virgin paper. The process is a lot more eco-friendly than the virgin-papermaking process, using less energy and natural resources, produce less solid waste and fewer atmospheric emissions, and helps to preserve natural resources and landfill space. Currently more than half of the paper is produced from recovered papers. Most of them are used to produce brown grades paper and board but for the last two decades, there is a substantial increase in the use of recovered papers to produce, through deinking, white grades such as newsprint, tissue, market pulp. By using recycled paper, companies can take a significant step toward reducing their overall environmental impacts. This study deals with the scientific and technical advances in recycling and deinking including new developments. - Covers in great depth all the aspects of recycling technologies - Covers the latest science and technology in recycling - Provides up-to-date, authoritative information and cites many mills experiences and pertinent research - Includes the use of biotech methods for deinking, refining. and improving drainage
| Author | : National Academy of Engineering and National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 264 |
| Release | : 1999-08-24 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309173000 |
Industrial Environmental Performance Metrics is a corporate-focused analysis that brings clarity and practicality to the complex issues of environmental metrics in industry. The book examines the metrics implications to businesses as their responsibilities expand beyond the factory gateâ€"upstream to suppliers and downstream to products and services. It examines implications that arise from greater demand for comparability of metrics among businesses by the investment community and environmental interest groups. The controversy over what sustainable development means for businesses is also addressed. Industrial Environmental Performance Metrics identifies the most useful metrics based on case studies from four industriesâ€"automotive, chemical, electronics, and pulp and paperâ€"and includes specific corporate examples. It contains goals and recommendations for public and private sector players interested in encouraging the broader use of metrics to improve industrial environmental performance and those interested in addressing the tough issues of prioritization, weighting of metrics for meaningful comparability, and the longer term metrics needs presented by sustainable development.
| Author | : R. McKinney |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 420 |
| Release | : 1994-11-30 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780751400175 |
This book covers the technology of the recovery of secondary fibre for its use in paper and board manufacture. The editor, who has had substantial practical experience of designing and commissioning paper recycling plants all over the world, leads a team of experts who discuss subjects including sourcing, characterisation, mechanical handling and preparation and de-inking.
| Author | : Ted Steinberg |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 1150 |
| Release | : 2002-05-09 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 0199315019 |
In this ambitious and provocative text, environmental historian Ted Steinberg offers a sweeping history of our nation--a history that, for the first time, places the environment at the very center of our story. Written with exceptional clarity, Down to Earth re-envisions the story of America "from the ground up." It reveals how focusing on plants, animals, climate, and other ecological factors can radically change the way that we think about the past. Examining such familiar topics as colonization, the industrial revolution, slavery, the Civil War, and the emergence of modern-day consumer culture, Steinberg recounts how the natural world influenced the course of human history. From the colonists' attempts to impose order on the land to modern efforts to sell the wilderness as a consumer good, the author reminds readers that many critical episodes in our history were, in fact, environmental events. He highlights the ways in which we have attempted to reshape and control nature, from Thomas Jefferson's surveying plan, which divided the national landscape into a grid, to the transformation of animals, crops, and even water into commodities. The text is ideal for courses in environmental history, environmental studies, urban studies, economic history, and American history. Passionately argued and thought-provoking, Down to Earth retells our nation's history with nature in the foreground--a perspective that will challenge our view of everything from Jamestown to Disney World.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 238 |
| Release | : 1994 |
| Genre | : Paper mills |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Maureen Smith |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 332 |
| Release | : 1997-03-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780262264501 |
The problems recyclers face with wastepaper are connected to the issues addressed by forest advocates, as well as to the difficulties confronted by those involved with industrial pollution from the paper industry. In this richly detailed study, Maureen Smith shows how industrial and environmental analysis can be synthesized to clarify these complex problems and produce solutions. Smith outlines the basic structural characteristics of the U.S. pulp and paper industry and its relationship to the larger forest products sector, as well as its patterns of domestic and global fiber resource use. She then reviews the core technologies employed in virgin pulp production, with an emphasis on their environmental impacts, the role of technological innovation, and the relationships between fiber choices and pollution prevention. Building on this base she reveals structural barriers within the industry that have impeded positive change and shows how these barriers are reinforced by the traditional isolation of environmental policy domains.The study includes a comparative analysis of how organochlorine pollution from pulp mills has been addressed in the United States, Europe, and Canada (and why the United States has seen the slowest rate of progress); an assessment of commodity trade patterns in the industry and how they are linked to resource demand; an examination of the momentum building around annual plant fiber use and the diverse interests it reflects; and a review of recent developments in paper recycling within the context of historical trends in fiber utilization. A case study of the controversial environmental review process of the largest recycled pulp and paper mill ever proposed ties together earlier elements of the book and forms the basis for the conclusions. In closing, Smith argues convincingly against narrowly focused attempts to "fix" the problems associated with the industry, and offers practical guidance on new frameworks and approaches for industrial restructuring. She highlights the need for regional perspectives that integrate environmental, social, and economic objectives. Urban and Industrial Environment series
| Author | : Yrjo Virtanen |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 207 |
| Release | : 2013-07-04 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1134162499 |
Public concern for the conservation of natural resources and a general awareness of the environmental consequences of waste disposal is reflected in current legislation aimed at reducing waste. Recycling is commonly cited as one of the preferred methods of waste reduction and this book summarizes a recent study of paper recycling in Europe, which investigated the entire production and disposal process using a life-cycle methodology. The results of the study underline the economic and environmental advantages of paper recycling, but more controversially, they also show how, under certain conditions, the renewable character and the high energy content of paper seem to make energy recovery more attractive than recycling.
| Author | : Claudia G. Thompson |
| Publisher | : MIT Press (MA) |
| Total Pages | : 162 |
| Release | : 1992 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 9780262700467 |
Paper is the largest single component of municipal solid waste, and the recycling of paper must be part of any resolution to the current garbage crisis. Because there are no uniform standards for the generic term "recycled," it is still difficult for paper users to make environmentally responsible purchasing decisions. Myths, misinformation, and confusion abound. This first comprehensive guide to recycled printing and writing papers will therefore be an invaluable resource for anyone involved with printing, production, design, or issues of recycling in general. The book itself, printed on four different types of recycled paper, is a demonstration of the quality that informed designers and publishers can achieve. In concise, nontechnical language, Claudia Thompson explains the dimensions of the solid waste problem, the history of papermaking, the elements of recycled paper production (including current definitions and standards), the physical properties and printing characteristics of recycled papers, the potential impact of designers on recycling, and possibilities for the future. Recycled Papers: The Essential Guide was sponsored by the American Institute of Graphic Arts under the direction of Claudia Thompson, a graphic designer and Principal of Claudia Thompson Design in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Ms. Thompson's work on environmental issues started with the first Earth Day in 1970, and she has been researching the subject of recycled papers since 1988.
| Author | : Pratima Bajpai |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2016-10-15 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9783319367286 |
This book features in-depth and thorough coverage of Minimum Impact Mill Technologies which can meet the environmental challenges of the pulp and paper industry and also discusses Mills and Fiberlines that encompass “State-of-the-Art” technology and management practices. The minimum impact mill does not mean "zero effluent", nor is it exclusive to one bleaching concept. It is a much bigger concept which means that significant progress must be made in the following areas: Water Management, Internal Chemical Management, Energy Management, Control and Discharge of Non-Process Elements and Removal of Hazardous Pollutants. At the moment, there is no bleached kraft pulp mill operating with zero effluent. With the rise in environmental awareness due to the lobbying by environmental organizations and with increased government regulation there is now a trend towards sustainability in the pulp and paper industry. Sustainable pulp and paper manufacturing requires a holistic view of the manufacturing process. During the last decade, there have been revolutionary technical developments in pulping, bleaching and chemical recovery technology. These developments have made it possible to further reduce loads in effluents and airborne emissions. Thus, there has been a strong progress towards minimum impact mills in the pulp and paper industry. The minimum-impact mill is a holistic manufacturing concept that encompasses environmental management systems, compliance with environmental laws and regulations and manufacturing technologies.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 142 |
| Release | : 1997-04-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309174791 |
The United States produces 25% of the world's wood output, and wood supports a major segment of the U.S. industrial base. Trees provide fiber, resins, oils, pulp, food, paper, pharmaceuticals, fuel, many products used in home construction, and numerous other products. The use of wood as a raw material must consider production efficiencies and natural resource conservation as well as efficient, profitable use of solid wood, its residues, and by-products. To better assess the use of wood as a raw material, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Forest Service asked the National Research Council's Board on Agriculture to bring together experts to review the analytical techniques used to follow the life-cycle of wood productionâ€"from tree to productâ€"and assess the environmental impacts. This resulting book provides a base of current knowledge, identifying what data are lacking, where future efforts should be focused, and what is known about the methodologies used to assess environmental impacts. The book also focuses on national and international efforts to develop integrated environmental, economic, and energy accounting methologies.
