Environmental and Nutritional Effects on Beef Tenderness in Texas

Environmental and Nutritional Effects on Beef Tenderness in Texas
Author: Jody Lynea Peach
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2003
Genre:
ISBN:

Effects of three environments and their native or rye pasture forage systems on subsequent carcass characteristics, composition, and meat palatability were examined following grain feeding. Calves (F2 Angus x Bos indicus) with similar pre-weaning management and genetics were randomly assigned to one of eight treatments (McGregor-Calf; McGregor-Low; Uvalde-Low; Uvalde-High; Overton-Low, Rotational; Overton-Low, Continuous; Overton-High, Rotational; and Overton-High, Continuous). After approximately five months of grazing, cattle in forage groups were transported to McGregor and finished on a corn-milo ration to visually assessed 10 mm fat thickness. Longissimus muscle sections were randomly assigned into aging periods of 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, or 35 days and two-2.54 cm steaks were removed per section for Warner-Bratzler shear force and trained sensory analysis. After grazing, steers fed diets designed to produce higher rates of gain weighed more than steers at the same location fed diets designed for lower rates of gain. Within the high nutrition treatments, Uvalde-High steers had a lower average daily gain than steers in the Overton-High treatments. Differences in environment and nutritional treatments induced differences in rate of gain during the stocker phase. All forage treatment groups increased average daily gain in the feedlot phase. After the feedlot phase, steers varied in live weight due to treatment. Nutritional/environmental treatments affected ribeye area; kidney, pelvic and heart fat; and hot carcass weight, but not final yield grade. Treatment had minimal affects on quality grade characteristics. There was no affect by treatment on Warner-Bratzler shear force or sensory panel perception of myofibrillar tenderness, connective tissue amount, overall tenderness, or overall flavor intensity. Storage day affected shear force; steaks were toughest at 1 and 7 days of storage with shear force values decreasing after 7 days of storage. There was no interaction between environmental/nutritional treatment and storage day. Juiciness and cook loss were affected by treatment (P=0.0001). Overall, environment and nutrition had little impact on eating quality. Despite differences in average daily gain, it appears that steers may be fed forage diets followed by grain feeding to a similar fat thickness endpoint and produce steaks that are similar in palatability to grain-fed steers.

Master's Theses Directories

Master's Theses Directories
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 324
Release: 2004
Genre: Dissertations, Academic
ISBN:

"Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".

Indicators of milk and beef quality

Indicators of milk and beef quality
Author: J.F. Hocquette
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 464
Release: 2023-08-28
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9086865372

"The farming and agri-food sectors are faced with an increasing demand by consumers for high-quality products. The current major questions are thus how to define quality, and how to increase the quality of animal products to satisfy these new requirements. This is the reason why the Cattle Commission of the European Association of Animal Production (EAAP) organised a specific session on this topic at its Annual Meeting which was held in Bled (Slovenia) in September 2004. This session dealt with the manipulation and evaluation of bovine milk and meat composition and quality with various indicators (commercial, physical, biochemical, molecular or other). These indicators are any method, biological trait, or physical property which may be useful to predict a quality trait. Quality includes sensory traits, nutritional properties of products, their ability to be processed and also any consideration about traceability (genetic, geographic or nutritional traceability). Thus, the full spectrum of quality attributes are discussed. Indicators may also be considered as predictors. In this respect, contributors discussed the detection early in life of the ability of animals to produce meat or milk of high quality. Indicators may also be useful for consumers when they buy meat or milk as official or commercial signs of quality. All the review papers and the short communications which were presented in this session will be in this EAAP publication entitled ""Indicators of milk and beef quality"". Additional papers either presented in 2003 in the EAAP Annual Meeting or from invited authors were added to complete the publication."

Applied Food Protein Chemistry

Applied Food Protein Chemistry
Author: Zeynep Ustunol
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 526
Release: 2014-12-19
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118860616

Food proteins are of great interest, not only because of their nutritional importance and their functionality in foods, but also for their detrimental effects. Although proteins from milk, meats (including fish and poultry), eggs, cereals, legumes, and oilseeds have been the traditional sources of protein in the human diet, potentially any proteins from a biological source could serve as a food protein. The primary role of protein in the diet is to provide the building materials for the synthesis of muscle and other tissues, and they play a critical role in many biological processes. They are also responsible for food texture, color, and flavor. Today, food proteins are extracted, modified, and incorporated into processed foods to impart specific functional properties. They can also have adverse effects in the diet: proteins, such as walnuts, pecans, almonds, and cashews, soybean, wheat, milk, egg, crustacean, and fish proteins can be powerful allergens for some people. Applied Food Protein Chemistry is an applied reference which reviews the properties of food proteins and provides in-depth information on important plant and animal proteins consumed around the world. The book is grouped into three sections: (1) overview of food proteins, (2) plant proteins, and (3) animal proteins. Each chapter discusses world production, distribution, utilization, physicochemical properties, and the functional properties of each protein, as well as its food applications. The authors for each of the chapters are carefully selected experts in the field. This book will be a valuable reference tool for those who work on food proteins. It will also be an important text on applied food protein chemistry for upper-level students and graduate students of food science programs.