Entrenamiento Cognitivo En Memoria De Trabajo Para Ninos Con Tdah Ensayo Clinico Aleatorizado
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| Author | : Aitana Bigorra Gualba |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 256 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9788449069895 |
Objetivos: En el TDAH existen déficits en las Funciones Ejecutivas (FFEE) y en especial en la Memoria de trabajo (MT), que repercuten negativamente en el rendimiento académico, los síntomas clínicos, y la adaptación funcional. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar la eficacia de un entrenamiento computarizado en MT sobre otras FFEE frías y calientes, aprendizajes, síntomas clínicos y adaptación funcional. Método: Se incluyeron 66 niños con TDAH tipo combinado entre 7 y 12 años de edad de una Unidad de Psiquiatría Infantil y Adolescente en este ensayo clínico controlado con placebo, a doble ciego y con asignación aleatoria a realizar un entrenamiento computarizado en MT (RoboMemo®, Cogmed Working Memory TrainingTM) (n=36) o un entrenamiento placebo (n=30). Se realizaron evaluaciones en la línea base, entre 1-2 semanas post intervención y 6 meses post intervención administrando escalas y pruebas cognitivas de FFEE frías y calientes, y cuestionarios de síntomas clínicos y de adaptación funcional. Los participantes, sus familias, profesores y los profesionales que realizaron las evaluaciones cognitivas fueron ciegos. También se realizaron correlaciones entre MT y FFEE calientes en la línea base para clarificar la naturaleza de la relación entre ambos aspectos. Resultados: El análisis ajustado a través de regresión lineal múltiple reveló mejoras significativas en escalas de FFEE frías especialmente a largo plazo, en medidas cognitivas de FFEE frías inhibición de respuesta y atención sostenida a corto plazo (que se mantuvieron a largo plazo), y en síntomas TDAH y adaptación funcional en el entorno escolar a largo plazo. Los tamaños del efecto fueron en su mayoría de moderados a grandes. Se hallaron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre MT y Teoría de la mente (ToM) en la línea base, pero no entre MT y toma de decisiones. El análisis ajustado a través de regresión lineal múltiple no mostró mejoras estadísticamente significativas en FFEE calientes ToM y toma de decisiones en ningún momento temporal. Conclusiones: El entrenamiento en MT tuvo un impacto significativo sobre déficits relevantes en el TDAH al producir mejoras far-transfer a largo plazo sobre FFEE frías, síntomas clínicos, y adaptación funcional. No existe relación entre MT y toma de decisiones en el TDAH. Existe relación entre MT y ToM, pero el entrenamiento en MT no produjo mejoras far-transfer sobre los déficits de ToM en el TDAH.
| Author | : Sara Núñez Núñez |
| Publisher | : Editorial Inclusión |
| Total Pages | : 48 |
| Release | : 2021-02-16 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 8412242696 |
El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) es uno de los trastornos más frecuentes en edad infantil y uno de los más investigados en los últimos años. Este Trabajo de Fin de Máster pretende realizar una revisión sistemática de los conceptos TDAH y Funciones Ejecutivas. Por un lado, incidir en el TDAH conociendo sus síntomas, características, comorbilidad y la relación que guarda este trastorno con las Funciones Ejecutivas (FE). Y por otro, revisar el concepto de funciones ejecutivas, cómo se evalúan, los instrumentos y su posibilidad de entrenamiento. El objetivo es repasar el marco teórico de ambos conceptos y a continuación, comprobar a través de una revisión de estudios llevados a cabo en los últimos 20 años, si es posible mejorar con entrenamiento las funciones ejecutivas en niños con diagnóstico TDAH, de los que se puede adelantar que los estudios analizados concluyen con progresos significativos tras las intervenciones.
| Author | : Randi Jenssen Hagerman |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 481 |
| Release | : 1996 |
| Genre | : Fragile X syndrome |
| ISBN | : 9780801853883 |
This new edition of Fragile X Syndrome includes updated information on the latest research findings -- especially in molecular biology -- as well as new photographs highlighting clinical features and thorough coverage of treatment and intervention, diagnosis, and research. Praise for the first edition: "Answers nearly all the questions that parents or clinicians might raise about fragile X syndrome....Can be recommended confidently as a thoroughly up-to-date, reliable, and informative account of the condition." -- Lancet "The clinical and cytogenetic material in this book is excellent and provides a strong background for physicians and students... Fragile X Syndrome still presents the best comprehensive treatment of this complex disorder. Physicians, students, and other interested professionals can either read this book from cover to cover or select the chapters that interest or apply to them." -- New England Journal of Medicine
| Author | : Kay E. Davies |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
| Total Pages | : 150 |
| Release | : 1989 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : |
This new book is an up-to-date review of the clinical, epidemiological, and cytogenetic aspects of the fragile X (Martin-Bell) syndrome--the most common genetic cause of mental retardation after Down syndrome. The book includes the latest research findings concerning diagnosis on the basis of the appearance of a fragile site in cultured lymphocytes. It assumes little prior knowledge of the subject, and provides a clearly written, easy-to-understand discussion previously unavailable in a single reference source. The book will be of special interest to molecular biologists, cytogeneticists, medical geneticists, and clinicians and other professionals working with the mentally handicapped.
| Author | : Stephen Wonderlich |
| Publisher | : Radcliffe Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 188 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Eating disorders |
| ISBN | : 9781857756340 |
This critical summary of current literature on eating disorders aims to keep researchers and health practitioners informed on the clinical implications of new studies. It is the first volume in what's projected as an annual review that will highlight topics related to the major aspects of eating disorders.
| Author | : Cecilia A. Essau |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 308 |
| Release | : 2012-11-12 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1135447039 |
How do biological and environmental factors influence the development of childhood and adolescent disorders? There has been a substantial increase of interest in research into child and adolescent psychopathology. In this book, Cecilia Essau brings together contributions from the UK, the US and Canada to provide a comprehensive summary of the information available on the subject. Beginning with an introduction to general issues related to child and adolescent psychopathology, including theoretical models of normal and abnormal development, each chapter goes on to address the issues associated with specific disorders, such as: oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder eating disorders substance use disorders somatoform disorders. The contributors present a thorough overview of each disorder, including discussion of definition and classification, epidemiology, risk factors, comorbidity, course, outcome and prevention. Child & Adolescent Psychopathology will be welcomed by all mental health professionals seeking a reliable source of scientifically and clinically relevant information on the nature and treatment of child and adolescent disorders.
| Author | : L. Kathleen Mahan |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Health Sciences |
| Total Pages | : 1255 |
| Release | : 2012-01-01 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1437722334 |
The most respected nutrition text for more than 50 years, Krause's Food & the Nutrition Care Process delivers comprehensive and up-to-date information from respected educators and practitioners in the field. The latest recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, new and expanded chapters, and a large variety of tables, boxes, and pathophysiology algorithms provide need-to-know information with ease, making this text perfect for use in class or everyday practice. Clear, logical organization details each step of complete nutritional care from assessment to therapy. UNIQUE! Pathophysiology algorithms clarify the illness process and to ensure more effective care. New Directions boxes reflect the latest research in emerging areas in nutrition therapy. Focus On boxes provide additional detail on key chapter concepts. Clinical Insight boxes and Clinical Scenarios with detailed Sample Nutrition Diagnosis statements help ensure the most accurate and effective interventions in practice. Key terms listed at the beginning of each chapter and bolded within the text provide quick access to important nutrition terminology. More than 1,000 self-assessment questions on a companion Evolve website reinforce key textbook content. Reorganized table of contents reinforces the Nutrition Care Process structure endorsed by the American Dietetic Association (ADA). New recommendations reflect a comprehensive approach to diet and nutrition that incorporates the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, the MyPyramid food guide, and the Eating Well with Canada's Food Guide recommendations. MNT for Thyroid Disorders chapter details important nutrition considerations for managing thyroid disorders. New calcium and vitamin D Dietary Recommended Intakes (DRIs) improve monitoring of nutrient intake. Expanded Nutrition in Aging chapter includes assessment and nutritional care guidelines for the growing elderly patient population. Growth grids for children detail proper patient nutrition during infancy and early childhood. Extensively revised MNT for Food Allergies chapter highlights the importance of food allergy management in clinical nutrition therapy. Updated appendices enhance assessment accuracy with the latest laboratory findings and normal values.
| Author | : Hamid Ghodse |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 524 |
| Release | : 2002-10-24 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780521000017 |
In this completely revised and updated third edition of his highly successful book, Hamid Ghodse presents a comprehensive overview of substance misuse and dependence. There is a particular emphasis on practical, evidence-based approaches to the assessment and management of a wide range of drug-related problems in a variety of clinical settings, and he has written an entirely new chapter on alcohol abuse. He defines all the terms, and describes the effects of substance misuse on a patient's life. Epidemiology, and international prevention and drug control policies are covered to address the global nature of the problem, and the appendix provides a series of clinical intervention tools, among them a Substance Misuse Assessment Questionnaire. This will be essential reading for all clinicians and other professionals dealing with addiction, from counsellors and social workers to policy makers.
| Author | : Giuseppe La Torre |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 478 |
| Release | : 2013-07-03 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1461470463 |
Tobacco smoking is considered the big killer and one of the most avoidable risk factors for many human pathologies. Reducing and controlling tobacco smoking should be a primary aim for a certain population, in order to reduce harms to health caused by this important risk factor, and it seems urgent to adopt intervention tools involved in responsibility fields such as health care, education, politics, economy and media. Among health professionals the prevalence of tobacco smoke is extremely high, more than other professional categories, and this could be partly attributed to a low weight that tobacco smoking has in the medical curriculum of future physicians, that will contribute in a determinant way to healthy choices of their patients. In order to realise that, the medical students need to be adequately trained with the aim of acquire competences and skills that help patients to prevent tobacco smoking and to increase smoking cessation, through a programme oriented to specific issue related to the potential harm of tobacco products. A survey conducted by Ferry et al. in the American Schools of Medicine underlined the lack of courses related to tobacco smoking. Moreover, a randomised trial carried out by Cummings et al., the Schools of Medicine result as the ideal setting to teach smoking cessation techniques to health professionals. The National Cancer Institute in 1992 recommended that primary and secondary prevention interventions on tobacco smoking will become mandatory in the curriculum of Medical USA students. However, until now this recommendation still is far from being fully implemented. The aim of the book is to give an overview on the epidemiology of tobacco smoking among different settings and populations, but with a special focus on health professionals and medicals students, and to show available examples of smoking prevention and cessation training in different settings.
| Author | : Ruth Leyse-Wallace |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 313 |
| Release | : 2013-01-29 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1439863369 |
Although primary advanced vitamin and mineral deficiencies are rare in the developed world, many common health conditions deplete nutritional status, including sub-optimal dietary intake, frequent alcohol consumption, changes in appetite due to aging, food allergies or sensitivities, special diets, and eating disorders. Covering topics as diverse a
