Enhancing Surveillance - Interconnectedness and Clusters - Background Paper

Enhancing Surveillance - Interconnectedness and Clusters - Background Paper
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 95
Release: 2012-03-16
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498340822

This paper provides additional detail for the framework discussed in “Enhancing Surveillance – Interconnectedness and Clusters” through theoretical and empirical analysis of linkages, including case studies of Saudi Arabia, the Asian supply chain, financial interconnectedness and cross-border policy dependence in banking, and the Sweden-Baltic connections. It also provides a detailed primer on network analysis.

Enhancing Surveillance - Interconnectedness and Clusters

Enhancing Surveillance - Interconnectedness and Clusters
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Total Pages: 27
Release: 2012-03-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781498340830

This paper and the companion background paperpresent a simple conceptual framework to better understand cross-border trade and financial interconnectedness. Countries are grouped together into “clusters” on the basis of having relatively tight trade and financial connections (e.g., Asian supply chain). Clusters are connected to one another through “gatekeepers” (e.g., Austria is a gatekeeper to the Central and Eastern Europe, and Sweden to the Baltics), and countries that are central to the whole network are in the “core” (the systemic-5). By mapping this architecture of cross-border trade and financial interconnectedness, the papers provide—at a glance—an easy way to comprehend the direct and indirect linkages of countries. The papers suggest that gatekeepers in particular can play a role in dampening or amplifying and propagating shocks, and this role depends on the economic context and policy space.

One Year After the 2011 Triennial Surveillance Review - Progress Report

One Year After the 2011 Triennial Surveillance Review - Progress Report
Author: International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 26
Release: 2012-05-11
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498339689

This progress report provides a short update on the first year of implementation of the 2011 Triennial Surveillance Review (TSR) in line with the Managing Director’s Statement on Strengthening Surveillance of October 2011. The report does not provide a comprehensive review of surveillance—which will be done in the 2014 TSR. Instead, its purpose is to establish, at an early stage, whether the new operational priorities are being implemented, set out key areas of progress, and discuss the challenges raised in their implementation. The report also identifies areas where further efforts may need to be directed—particularly following the change to the legal framework—to ensure even implementation and delivery of effective surveillance. The report recognizes that, while some measures have been implemented over the past year, others will take more time to come to fruition.

Republic of Poland

Republic of Poland
Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 73
Release: 2013-07-23
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 148434507X

This staff report for the Republic of Poland’s 2013 Article IV Consultation highlights economic development and policies. The current account in 2012 was primarily financed by EU transfers and foreign direct investment (FDI), notwithstanding a reduction in net FDI inflows. Moderate outflows from the domestic banking system were more than offset by strong portfolio inflows into the government bond market. The current account deficit and real effective exchange rate are broadly in line with medium-term fundamentals and desirable policies according to the External Balance Assessment models. The largely foreign-owned banking system has remained well-capitalized, profitable, and liquid.

Baltic Cluster Report

Baltic Cluster Report
Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 91
Release: 2014-05-08
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1484378393

This Selected Issues paper focuses on the Baltic model, Baltic–Nordic links, and convergence. The Baltic countries form a distinct group within a tightly integrated Nordic–Baltic region. They are following similar approaches to economic policy, broadly in line with those of Northern European and the Anglo-Saxon countries. Their macroeconomic policies are generally robust. The paper examines the possible causes of the creditless recoveries in the Baltic countries. It characterizes their experience in comparison with other episodes of creditless recoveries in both advanced and emerging market economies, and also investigates demand and supply constraints to credit expansion in the Baltics.

The IMF Financial Surveillance Strategy

The IMF Financial Surveillance Strategy
Author: International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 37
Release: 2012-08-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498339948

This paper outlines strategic priorities for the IMF’s financial surveillance in the coming years. It complements recent discussions on the work agenda in this area. It takes stock of innovations and gaps in financial surveillance by the Fund during the past decade, including in the wake of the current global financial crisis. It proposes concrete and prioritized steps to further strengthen financial surveillance so that the Fund can fulfill its mandate to ensure the effective operation of the international monetary system and support global economic and financial stability.

Recurring Issues from a Decade of Evaluation

Recurring Issues from a Decade of Evaluation
Author: International Monetary Fund. Independent Evaluation Office
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 61
Release: 2014-08-21
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1484376854

This report seeks to help the IMF enhance its effectiveness by identifying major recurring issues from the IEO’s first 20 evaluations and assessing where they stand. The IMF’s core areas of responsibility are surveillance, lending, and capacity development. The aim of this report is to strengthen the follow-up process by focusing on key issues that recurred in IEO evaluations, rather than on specific recommendations on their implementation. The IEO believes that a framework of reviewing and monitoring recurring issues would be useful in establishing incentives for progress, strengthening the Board’s oversight, and providing learning opportunities for the IMF.

Mandatory Financial Stability Assessments Under the Financial Sector Assessment Program - Update

Mandatory Financial Stability Assessments Under the Financial Sector Assessment Program - Update
Author: International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 38
Release: 2013-11-18
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498341063

In September 2010, the Executive Board made financial stability assessments under the Financial Sector Assessment program (FSAP) a regular and mandatory part of bilateral surveillance under Article IV for jurisdictions with systemically important financial sectors. This decision recognized that although financial sector issues were at the core of the Fund’s surveillance mandate, the FSAP as designed in the late 1990s had severe limitations as a tool. Voluntary participation, the low frequency of assessments, and their very broad coverage (particularly in emerging market and developing countries, where assessments are typically conducted jointly with the World Bank) limited the usefulness of the FSAP for surveillance. Building on the revamp of the FSAP during the 2009 program review that delineated the institutional responsibilities of the Fund and the World Bank and defined the content of the stability assessment under the FSAP, the Executive Board took the next step in 2010 to make these stability assessments mandatory every five years for members with systemically important financial sectors

Addressing Interconnectedness

Addressing Interconnectedness
Author: Mr.Nicolas Arregui
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 58
Release: 2013-09-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1484385071

This paper reviews tools used to identify and measure interconnectedness and raises the awareness of policymakers as to potential cross-sectional implications of prudential tools aimed at controlling interconnectedness. The paper examines two sets of tools—developed at the IMF and externally—to identify the implications of interconnectedness in systemic risk and how these tools have been applied in IMF surveillance. The paper then proposes a preliminary framework to analyze some key internationally-agreed-upon and national prudential tools and finds that while many prudential tools are effective in reducing interconnectedness, the interaction among these tools is far less clear cut.

Macrofinancial Stress Testing - Principles and Practices

Macrofinancial Stress Testing - Principles and Practices
Author: International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 67
Release: 2012-08-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498340024

The recent financial crisis drew unprecedented attention to the stress testing of financial institutions. On one hand, stress tests were criticized for having missed many of the vulnerabilities that led to the crisis. On the other, after the onset of the crisis, they were given a new role as crisis management tools to guide bank recapitalization and help restore confidence. This spurred an intense debate on the models, underlying assumptions, and uses of stress tests. Current stress testing practices, however, are not based on a systematic and comprehensive set of principles but have emerged from trial-and-error and often reflect constraints in human, technical, and data capabilities.