Urban Disaster Mitigation: The Role of Engineering and Technology

Urban Disaster Mitigation: The Role of Engineering and Technology
Author: F.Y. Cheng
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 348
Release: 1995-07-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0080543464

Great loss of human life, structural damage, and social and economic upheaval occur repeatedly due to such natural hazards as earthquakes, typhoons, hurricanes, landslides, floods and tsunamis. Both the US and Taiwan, along with many other countries, have a history of such occurrences and a common need to reduce their effects.This volume includes papers from the fourth symposium workshop, held jointly between the US and Taiwan to discuss research and its application to multiple hazard mitigation. The workshop, Urban Disaster Mitigation, The Role of Engineering and Technology, discussed lessons learned from recent natural disasters; assessed results of Taiwan's multiple hazards research program and potential application to the US; and proposed further studies on subjects of mutual concern.Topics include recent scientific findings obtained in various natural hazard areas and assessment of actual and potential damage from earthquakes, floods and landslides. Of particular importance are measures that can be taken to mitigate these hazards ranging from use of new algorithms for structural engineering to warning systems for a given region. At a time when natural disasters are widespread, engineers play a key role. Construction methods and building codes are changing; current knowledge shapes the direction of these changes. The research results presented in these proceedings will benefit both the academic and practicing communities around the world, strengthening the relationship between these two important parties.

Geotechnical Engineering for Disaster Mitigation and Rehabilitation

Geotechnical Engineering for Disaster Mitigation and Rehabilitation
Author: Han-Long Liu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 1114
Release: 2009-02-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540798463

"Geotechnical Engineering for Disaster Mitigation and Rehabilitation" presents the latest developments and case studies in the field. All contributions to this proceedings were rigorously reviewed to cover the newest developments in disasters related to earthquakes, landslides and slopes, soil dynamics, risk assessment and management, disaster mitigation and rehabilitation, and others. The book will be a useful reference for geotechnical scientists, engineers and professionals in these areas.

Preventing Earthquake Disasters: The Grand Challenge in Earthquake Engineering

Preventing Earthquake Disasters: The Grand Challenge in Earthquake Engineering
Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee to Develop a Long-Term Research Agenda for the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES)
Publisher: National Academy Press
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2003-11-21
Genre: Nature
ISBN:

The Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES), administered by the National Science Foundation (NSF), is scheduled to become operational in 2004. These network sites will perform a range of experiments to test and validate complex computer models being developed to simulate the behavior of structures subjected to earthquakes. To assist in this effort, the NSF requested the National Research Council(NRC) to frame the major questions to be addressed by and to develop a long-term research agenda for NEES. Preventing Earthquake Disasters presents an overview of the grand challenge including six critical research problems making up that challenge. The report also provides an assessment of earthquake engineering research issues and the role of information technology in that research effort, and a research plan for NEES.

Engineering for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation

Engineering for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation
Author: Masanori Hamada
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 346
Release: 2014-06-04
Genre: Science
ISBN: 4431548920

Earthquake and tsunami disasters have been increasing rapidly and globally in the last quarter-century. The purpose of this book is to provide essential knowledge and information on the mitigation of earthquakes and tsunamis for graduate students, young researchers, and geotechnical engineers. It begins by presenting recent cases of earthquakes that have occurred in the world, referring to tsunamis and soil liquefaction and how to cope with such disasters. The final chapter proposes strategies for disaster mitigation against in Japan earthquakes and tsunamis in the future.

Earthquake Disasters

Earthquake Disasters
Author: Jiuping Xu
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 208
Release: 2021-09-26
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 1000462471

This book explores practices and approaches on pre-disaster prevention and post-disaster reconstruction for vulnerable countries and areas enhancing earthquake disaster resilience. Destructive earthquakes have frequently occurred in urban or rural areas around the world, causing severe damage on human societies. Pre-earthquake prevention and post-earthquake reconstruction effect the disaster resilience building and long-term development of the affected communities and areas. In recent years, researchers from around the world have made a lot of efforts to study on the theme ‘earthquake disaster prevention and reconstruction’. The chapters in this edited volume contribute to the literature of earthquake disaster research from scientific, social and institutional aspects. These interdisciplinary studies mainly focus on human and policy dimensions of earthquake disaster, such as earthquake risk mitigation, social-physical resilience building, resilience capability assessment, healthcare surge capacity, house reconstruction, the roles of schools, households, civil societies and public participation in earthquake disaster prevention and reconstruction. The authors come from several counties, including China, Bangladesh, Iran, New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Indonesia, covering the cases from those countries prone to earthquakes. These nine distinctive chapters have been elaborately selected and integrated from the international, ranked, peer-reviewed journal, Environmental Hazards.

National Earthquake Resilience

National Earthquake Resilience
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 197
Release: 2011-09-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309186773

The United States will certainly be subject to damaging earthquakes in the future. Some of these earthquakes will occur in highly populated and vulnerable areas. Coping with moderate earthquakes is not a reliable indicator of preparedness for a major earthquake in a populated area. The recent, disastrous, magnitude-9 earthquake that struck northern Japan demonstrates the threat that earthquakes pose. Moreover, the cascading nature of impacts-the earthquake causing a tsunami, cutting electrical power supplies, and stopping the pumps needed to cool nuclear reactors-demonstrates the potential complexity of an earthquake disaster. Such compound disasters can strike any earthquake-prone populated area. National Earthquake Resilience presents a roadmap for increasing our national resilience to earthquakes. The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) is the multi-agency program mandated by Congress to undertake activities to reduce the effects of future earthquakes in the United States. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)-the lead NEHRP agency-commissioned the National Research Council (NRC) to develop a roadmap for earthquake hazard and risk reduction in the United States that would be based on the goals and objectives for achieving national earthquake resilience described in the 2008 NEHRP Strategic Plan. National Earthquake Resilience does this by assessing the activities and costs that would be required for the nation to achieve earthquake resilience in 20 years. National Earthquake Resilience interprets resilience broadly to incorporate engineering/science (physical), social/economic (behavioral), and institutional (governing) dimensions. Resilience encompasses both pre-disaster preparedness activities and post-disaster response. In combination, these will enhance the robustness of communities in all earthquake-vulnerable regions of our nation so that they can function adequately following damaging earthquakes. While National Earthquake Resilience is written primarily for the NEHRP, it also speaks to a broader audience of policy makers, earth scientists, and emergency managers.

Developments in Earthquake Geotechnics

Developments in Earthquake Geotechnics
Author: Susumu Iai
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 412
Release: 2017-10-17
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 331962069X

This book provides a timely review and summary of the recent advances in state-of-the-art earthquake geotechnics. The earthquake disasters in Japan and New Zealand in 2011 prompted the urgent need for the state-of-the-art earthquake geotechnics to be put into practice for disaster mitigation. By reviewing the developments in earthquake geotechnics over more than half a century, this unique book enables readers to obtain solid grasp of this discipline. It is based on contributions from 18 leading international experts, who met in Kyoto in June 2016 to discuss a range of issues related to the developments of earthquake geotechnics. It comprehensively discusses various areas of earthquake geotechnics, including performance-based seismic design; the evolution of geotechnical seismic response analysis from 1964-2015; countermeasures against liquefaction; solutions for nuclear power plant disasters; the tsunami-caused inundation of the Tokyo metropolitan area; and a series of state-of-the-art effective stress analyses of case histories from the 2011 East Japan Earthquake. The book is of interest to advanced level researchers and practicing engineers in the field of earthquake geotechnics.

A Safer Future

A Safer Future
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 85
Release: 1991-02-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309045460

Initial priorities for U.S. participation in the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, declared by the United Nations, are contained in this volume. It focuses on seven issues: hazard and risk assessment; awareness and education; mitigation; preparedness for emergency response; recovery and reconstruction; prediction and warning; learning from disasters; and U.S. participation internationally. The committee presents its philosophy of calls for broad public and private participation to reduce the toll of disasters.

Integrating Disaster Science and Management

Integrating Disaster Science and Management
Author: Pijush Samui
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 488
Release: 2018-05-04
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128120576

Integrated Disaster Science and Management: Global Case Studies in Mitigation and Recovery bridges the gap between scientific research on natural disasters and the practice of disaster management. It examines natural hazards, including earthquakes, landslides and tsunamis, and uses integrated disaster management techniques, quantitative methods and big data analytics to create early warning models to mitigate impacts of these hazards and reduce the risk of disaster. It also looks at mitigation as part of the recovery process after a disaster, as in the case of the Nepal earthquake. Edited by global experts in disaster management and engineering, the book offers case studies that focus on the critical phases of disaster management. - Identifies advanced techniques and models based on natural disaster science for forecasting disasters and analyzing risk - Offers a holistic approach to the problem of disaster management, including preparation, recovery, and resilience - Includes coverage of social, economic, and environmental impacts on disasters

Geotechnical Applications for Earthquake Engineering: Research Advancements

Geotechnical Applications for Earthquake Engineering: Research Advancements
Author: Sitharam, T.G.
Publisher: IGI Global
Total Pages: 292
Release: 2012-04-30
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1466609168

Disaster preparedness and response management is a burgeoning field of technological research, and staying abreast of the latest developments within the field is a difficult task. Geotechnical Applications for Earthquake Engineering: Research Advancements has collected chapters from experts from around the world in a variety of applications, frameworks, and methodologies, and prepared them in a form that serves as a handy reference and research guide to practitioners and academics alike. By protecting society with earthquake engineering, the latest research can make the world a safer place.