Energy Consumption of Automatic Ice Makers Installed in Domestic Refrigerators (Nist Tn 1697)

Energy Consumption of Automatic Ice Makers Installed in Domestic Refrigerators (Nist Tn 1697)
Author: Nist
Publisher: CreateSpace
Total Pages: 82
Release: 2014-03-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781496168191

This study examines the energy consumption of automatic ice makers installed in domestic refrigerators. The purpose of this research is to determine a method of measuring the energy consumption of automatic ice makers that will generate a repeatable and reproducible result. This study examined four refrigerator-freezers of different configurations, one top-mount unit, one side-by-side unit, and two French-door units with bottom freezers. The components and operational modes of each ice maker varied among the test subjects. This study examined each automatic ice maker and its components, and discussed how the operation of each component contributed to the overall energy consumption. Two of the units had a single-speed compressor that maintained the compartments within a range of temperatures by switching on and off. Since this type of unit draws considerable power when the compressor operates and very little when it doesn‰t, a good representation for energy consumption can only be characterized over a number of whole compressor cycles. However, the unit‰s ice maker also produces cyclic variation in power draw; therefore accurate measurement of the ice maker energy consumption must be characterized over a number whole of ice making cycles. Since the unit‰s compressor cycles and the ice making cycles are not coincident, it is difficult to determine the ice making energy using a predefined test period. The other two units employed inverter driven variable-speed compressors, which operated by maintaining a constant, part-load condition and did not cycle on and off. Determination of the ice making efficiency for these units was rather straightforward since data could be examined over a whole number of ice making cycles. We also examined the conditions which affect the ice making efficiency. The results showed that the ice making efficiency is influenced by the operating temperatures inside the cabinets.

Development of a Method to Measure the Energy Consumption of Automatic Icemakers in Domestic Refrigerators With Single Speed Compressors

Development of a Method to Measure the Energy Consumption of Automatic Icemakers in Domestic Refrigerators With Single Speed Compressors
Author: National Institute of Standards and Technology
Publisher: CreateSpace
Total Pages: 66
Release: 2014-02-26
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9781496052056

This study examines the energy consumption of automatic ice makers installed in domestic refrigerators. This study builds upon the findings of a previous study and examines two refrigerator-freezers of different configurations, one French-door units with bottom freezers and one bottom mount unit that uses a twist tray mechanism to free frozen ice from the icemaker. Ice maker energy consumption is difficult to measure because they operate on a periodic cycle which is independent of the compressor cycle used to maintain the cold temperatures in the domestic refrigerator where it is installed; therefore methods proposed prior to this study have been subject to significant truncation error due to partial ice maker or compressor cycling. The purpose of this study is to define a method of measuring the energy consumption of automatic ice makers that will generate a repeatable and reproducible result. Several sets of test data from these units were analyzed and used to decipher the energy consumption of automatic ice makers. Through this effort, we developed a method of test to characterize ice maker energy consumption which circumvents the inherent problem with its measurement, truncation error due to incomplete cycling. The truncation error is avoided by measuring specific parameters with different sections of data from the same data set. This method was found to rapidly approach steady state values for the ice maker energy consumption. We then analyzed data sets from a prior study and found similar results for the stability of the ice making energy consumption; that continuous data over only 6 or 7 ice making cycles are typically sufficient to accurately characterize the energy consumption.

Coast Pilot 4

Coast Pilot 4
Author: Noaa
Publisher: CreateSpace
Total Pages: 204
Release: 2011-06-04
Genre:
ISBN: 9781463555320

This is edition 46 for 2016. The descriptions are from the official United States Coast Pilot updated to Sept 2015. Additional information is included with a free app on your phone or tablet, Apple or Android.Cape Henry to Key West.Cape Henry to Cape Lookout Cape Lookout to Cape Fear Cape Fear to Charleston Harbor Charleston Harbor to Savannah R. Savannah River to St. Johns RiverSt. Johns River St. Johns River to Miami Miami to Key West :Intracoastal WaterwayThere is a QR code for a free installation of an app to your phone or tablet.Every Island, Every Tour, Every Anchorage, Every Walk, Every Dive, Every Animal, Every Regulation, Every Camp site, Every Boat, Every Room, Every Fish, Every Restaurant, Every Snorkel, Every Danger, Every Bird, Every Activity, Every Thing, Every Price, EVERY THING. * Videos * Photos * Maps * Sketches * Notes * Hyperlinks * Things To Do * Opinions * Blogs & Reviews The file contains links to thousands of useful pieces of information. Everything from the weather, the winds, Utube, the formalities and regulations, to blogs and photos, things to do, events, anchorages, the people, costs, the pilot charts, pirates, marinas, google earth, camping, cell phone coverage, walking, flights, ferries, nightlife, boatyards, history, repairs, currency, addresses, communications, repairers, snorkeling, fishing workshop, diving, flora, the animals, online charts, updates, the parks, local food, the restaurants, hotels and accommodation, Wikipedia, Noonsite, sailing guides online, diesel engine troubleshooting & repair, your float plan, every Gov Dept., the Nav Rules, Sailing Directions, etc. Using your phone or tablet you can email out of the book to the editors. Instantly see the actual site on google earth. And more..... Your phone or tablet screen will display the current weather radar. Also your screen can display surrounding shipping using links to AIS technology.Coast Pilot 1 covers the coasts of Maine, New Hampshire, and part of Massachusetts, from West Quoddy Head in Maine to Provincetown in Massachusetts. Major ports are at Portsmouth, NH and Boston, MA. Coast Pilot 2 covers the Atlantic coast from Cape Cod to Sandy Hook, embracing part of the Massachusetts coast and all of the coasts of Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New York. Coast Pilot 3 covers the Atlantic coast from Sandy Hook to Cape Henry, including the New Jersey Coast, Delaware Bay, Philadelphia, the Delaware - Maryland - Virginia coast, and the Chesapeake Bay. Coast Pilot 4 covers the Atlantic coast of the United States from Cape Henry to Key West. Coast Pilot 5 covers the Gulf of Mexico from Key West, FL to the Rio Grande. This area is generally low and mostly sandy, presenting no marked natural features to the mariner approaching from seaward. so covers Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Coast Pilot 6 covers the Great Lakes system, including Lakes Ontario, Erie, Huron, Michigan, and Superior, their connecting waters, and the St. Lawrence River. Coast Pilot 7 covers the rugged United States coast of California, Oregon and Washington, between Mexico on the south and Canadas British Columbia on the north. Coast Pilot 7 also includes Hawaii and other United States territories in the South Pacific. Coast Pilot 8 covers the panhandle section of Alaska between the south boundary and Cape Spencer. In this volume, general ocean coastline is only 250 nautical miles, but tidal shoreline totals 11,085 miles.Coast Pilot 9 deals with the Pacific and Arctic coasts of Alaska from Cape Spencer to the Beaufort Sea. General ocean coastline totals 5,520 nautical miles, and tidal shoreline totals 18,377 miles.

Advances in Renewable Hydrogen and Other Sustainable Energy Carriers

Advances in Renewable Hydrogen and Other Sustainable Energy Carriers
Author: Abdallah Khellaf
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 517
Release: 2020-08-19
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9811565953

This book examines a broad range of advances in hydrogen energy and alternative fuel developments and their role in the energy transition. The respective contributions were presented at the International Symposium on Sustainable Hydrogen, held in Algiers, Algeria on November 27-28, 2019. The transition from non-renewable polluting energy to sustainable green energy requires not only new energy sources but also new storage techniques and smart energy management. This situation has sparked renewed interest in hydrogen and alternative fuels, as they could help meet these needs. Indeed, hydrogen can not only be used as a clean energy vector or as an alternative fuel, but also as a storage medium or as an intermediary that enables improved energy management. This text offers a valuable reference guide for those working in the professional energy sector, as well as for students and instructors in academia who want to learn about the state of the art and future directions in the fields of hydrogen energy, alternative fuels and sustainable energy development.

Proceedings of International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Information and Control Systems

Proceedings of International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Information and Control Systems
Author: A. Pasumpon Pandian
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 972
Release: 2021-01-24
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9811584435

This book is a collection of papers presented at the International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Information and Control Systems (ICICCS 2020). It encompasses various research works that help to develop and advance the next-generation intelligent computing and control systems. The book integrates the computational intelligence and intelligent control systems to provide a powerful methodology for a wide range of data analytics issues in industries and societal applications. The book also presents the new algorithms and methodologies for promoting advances in common intelligent computing and control methodologies including evolutionary computation, artificial life, virtual infrastructures, fuzzy logic, artificial immune systems, neural networks and various neuro-hybrid methodologies. This book is pragmatic for researchers, academicians and students dealing with mathematically intransigent problems.

Long Island

Long Island
Author: Eugene L. Armbruster
Publisher:
Total Pages: 106
Release: 1914
Genre: Long Island (N.Y.)
ISBN:

In Living Color

In Living Color
Author: Rochelle A. Diamond
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 799
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642570496

A contribution towards making this increasingly valuable technology accessible to researchers, including the students, post-doctoral scholars, and technicians gathering the knowledge inherent in this integration between analysis and physical isolation/purification methodologies. A step-by-step approach to the methodology for measuring various attributes demonstrated in the particular cells of interest is provided, as is a myriad of resources to fuel the curiosity and answer questions of both new and adept users. This book stems from the editors'experiences managing flow cytometry/cell sorting core facilities for the emerging researchers, in particular in developmental, cellular, and molecular biology.

Coast Pilot 1

Coast Pilot 1
Author: noaa
Publisher: CreateSpace
Total Pages: 254
Release: 2011-05-31
Genre:
ISBN: 9781463543211

Edition 45 / 2015. This book was uploaded in 2015 with latest updates. An interactive pdf is free with this book. Point your QR scanner on your phone at the code and the document will download. The pdf gives real time links to port authorities, marinas, USCG, AIS (see the ships on your screen), updates, Code of Regulations, warnings, wind charts, Wikipedia, weather, Facebook forum, cruisers forum, photos, videos, accident report, safety check, and useful information. The United States Coast Pilot consists of a series of nautical books that cover a variety of information important to navigators of coastal and intracoastal waters and the Great Lakes. Issued in nine volumes, they contain supplemental information that is difficult to portray on a nautical chart. Topics in the Coast Pilot include channel descriptions, anchorages, bridge and cable clearances, currents, tide and water levels, prominent features, pilotage, towage, weather, ice conditions, wharf descriptions, dangers, routes, traffic separation schemes, small-craft facilities, and Federal regulations applicable to navigation. Coast Pilot 1 covers the coasts of Maine, New Hampshire, and part of Massachusetts, from West Quoddy Head in Maine to Provincetown in Massachusetts. Major ports are at Portsmouth, NH and Boston, MA. Coast Pilot 2 covers the Atlantic coast from Cape Cod to Sandy Hook, embracing part of the Massachusetts coast and all of the coasts of Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New York. Coast Pilot 3 covers the Atlantic coast from Sandy Hook to Cape Henry, including the New Jersey Coast, Delaware Bay, Philadelphia, the Delaware - Maryland - Virginia coast, and the Chesapeake Bay. Coast Pilot 4 covers the Atlantic coast of the United States from Cape Henry to Key West. Coast Pilot 5 covers the Gulf of Mexico from Key West, FL to the Rio Grande. This area is generally low and mostly sandy, presenting no marked natural features to the mariner approaching from seaward. so covers Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Coast Pilot 6 covers the Great Lakes system, including Lakes Ontario, Erie, Huron, Michigan, and Superior, their connecting waters, and the St. Lawrence River. Coast Pilot 7 covers the rugged United States coast of California, Oregon and Washington, between Mexico on the south and Canadas British Columbia on the north. Coast Pilot 7 also includes Hawaii and other United States territories in the South Pacific. Coast Pilot 8 covers the panhandle section of Alaska between the south boundary and Cape Spencer. In this volume, general ocean coastline is only 250 nautical miles, but tidal shoreline totals 11,085 miles. Coast Pilot 9 deals with the Pacific and Arctic coasts of Alaska from Cape Spencer to the Beaufort Sea. General ocean coastline totals 5,520 nautical miles, and tidal shoreline totals 18,377 miles. Coast Pilot 10 consists of excerpts taken from other coast pilots with reference to the Intercoastal Waterway