This is the first comprehensive research work on the origin and development of the Politics of Bangladesh and the first systematic study on Awami League under the inspiring leadership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. It analyses the political factors and processes that operated in that country until the first-martial law-regime which came to power in 1958 and the subsequent emergence of Bangladesh as a sovereign independent state. This was extremely a crucial period when the East Bengali attitude towards the central government and West Pakistan crystallised. The nature and character of the Awami League leadership, a critical analysis of the socio-economic programmes of the party and how far the party had been able to implement its programmes and policies when it came to power in East Pakistan are also discussed. The author attributes the failure of the party to implement its important socio-economic programmes and policies to the nature of Pakistan's structure in the country and party to its essentially middle class character. The book clearly brings out the crucial fact that the Awami League was an expression and instrument of the East Pakistani middle class which formulate and forcefully articulated the political and economic aspirations of this class.