Reality and Morality

Reality and Morality
Author: Billy Dunaway
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 242
Release: 2020-07-02
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0198858256

Reality and Morality develops and defends a framework for moral realism. It defends the idea that moral properties are metaphysically elite, or privileged parts of reality, and argues that realists can hold that this makes them highly eligible as the referents for our moral terms (an application of a thesis sometimes called reference magnetism). Billy Dunaway elaborates on these theses by introducing some natural claims about how we can know about morality, by having beliefs that are free from a kind of risk of error. This package of theses in metaphysics, meta-semantics, and epistemology is motivated with a view to explaining possible moral disagreements. Many writers have emphasized the scope of moral disagreement, and have given compelling examples of possible users of moral language who appear to be genuinely disagreeing, rather than talking past one another, with their use of moral language. What has gone unnoticed is that there are limits to these possible disagreements, and not all possible users of moral language are naturally interpreted as capable of genuine disagreement. The realist view developed in Reality and Morality can explain both the extent of, and the limits to, moral disagreement, and thereby has explanatory power that counts significantly in its favour.

Choosing Normative Concepts

Choosing Normative Concepts
Author: Matti Eklund
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 232
Release: 2017
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0198717822

The concepts we use to value and prescribe (concepts like good, right, ought) are historically contingent, and we could have found ourselves with others. But what does it mean to say that some concepts are better than others for purposes of action-guiding and deliberation? What is it to choose between different normative conceptual frameworks?

The Discourse of News Values

The Discourse of News Values
Author: Monika Bednarek
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 321
Release: 2017
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0190653949

The Discourse of News Values breaks new ground in multimodal news discourse, offering the first book-length treatment of the discursive analysis of news values and the construction of newsworthiness. The book explores how the news is "sold" (made newsworthy) to audiences through the semiotic resources of language and image, providing a new analytical framework which can be used by other researchers in their own subsequent studies.

The Probabilistic Relevance Framework

The Probabilistic Relevance Framework
Author: Stephen Robertson
Publisher: Now Publishers Inc
Total Pages: 69
Release: 2009
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1601983085

The Probabilistic Relevance Framework (PRF) is a formal framework for document retrieval, grounded in work done in the 1970-80s, which led to the development of one of the most successful text-retrieval algorithms, BM25. In recent years, research in the PRF has yielded new retrieval models capable of taking into account structure and link-graph information. Again, this has led to one of the most successful web-search and corporate-search algorithms, BM25F. The Probabilistic Relevance Framework: BM25 and Beyond presents the PRF from a conceptual point of view, describing the probabilistic modelling assumptions behind the framework and the different ranking algorithms that result from its application: the binary independence model, relevance feedback models, BM25, BM25F. Besides presenting a full derivation of the PRF ranking algorithms, it provides many insights about document retrieval in general, and points to many open challenges in this area. It also discusses the relation between the PRF and other statistical models for IR, and covers some related topics, such as the use of non-textual features, and parameter optimization for models with free parameters. The Probabilistic Relevance Framework: BM25 and Beyond is self-contained and accessible to anyone with basic knowledge of probability and inference

Focused Access to XML Documents

Focused Access to XML Documents
Author: Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval (Project). International Workshop
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 466
Release: 2008-08-28
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3540859012

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 6th International Workshop of the Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval, INEX 2007, held at Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, in December 2007. The 37 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for presentation at the workshop from 50 initial submissions. The papers are organized in an ad hoc track and 6 topical sections on book search, XML-mining, entity ranking, interactive, link-the-wiki, and multimedia.

Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management

Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management
Author: Annette ten Teije
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 468
Release: 2012-09-13
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3642338763

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, EKAW 2012, held in Galway City, Ireland, in October 2012. The 44 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 107 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on knowledge extraction and enrichment, natural language processing, linked data, ontology engineering and evaluation, social and cognitive aspects of knowledge representation, application of knowledge engineering, and demonstrations.

Elite Schools

Elite Schools
Author: Aaron Koh
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 261
Release: 2016-02-19
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1317675088

Geography matters to elite schools — to how they function and flourish, to how they locate themselves and their Others. Like their privileged clientele they use geography as a resource to elevate themselves. They mark, and market, place. This collection, as a whole, reads elite schools through a spatial lens. It offers fresh lines of inquiry to the ‘new sociology of elite schools.’ Collectively the authors examine elite schools and systems in different parts of the world. They highlight the ways that these schools, and their clients, operate within diverse local, national, regional, and global contexts in order to shape their own and their clients’ privilege and prestige. The collection also points to the uses of the transnational as a resource via the International Baccalaureate, study tours, and the discourses of global citizenship. Building on research about social class, meritocracy, privilege, and power in education, it offers inventive critical lenses and insights particularly from the ‘Global South.’ As such it is an intervention in global power/knowledge geographies.

Elite Universities and the Making of Privilege

Elite Universities and the Making of Privilege
Author: Kalwant Bhopal
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 167
Release: 2023-01-31
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1000829103

Providing an extraordinary picture of the inner workings of elite universities, Elite Universities and the Making of Privilege draws on current debates on education and inequality and considers the relevance of universities’ global brand identities. Using the work of Bourdieu and critical race theory to explore how identity, experience and family background affects how people navigate the social space of the university, this book is underpinned with empirical research that considers different social, economic and educational contexts. Using interview accounts of graduate students, this book highlights ambiguities in how eliteness works as both a recognisable marker of institutional status and a marker that is rarely quantified or defined. Combining intellectually rigorous, accessible and controversial chapters, Elite Universities and the Making of Privilege is crucial reading for anyone looking to understand how race and class affect those navigating elite universities.

Global Liberalism and Elite Schooling in Argentina

Global Liberalism and Elite Schooling in Argentina
Author: Howard Prosser
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 387
Release: 2017-07-20
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1315453355

A response to Argentina’s shifting political climate, Global Liberalism and Elite Schooling in Argentina reveals how elite schooling encourages the hoarding of educational advantage and reinforces social inequalities. Presenting Buenos Aires’s Caledonian School as part of the growing scholarly discussion on elite education in the Global South, Howard Prosser situates the school’s history in concert with that of the state, the region, and the globe. The book applies new methodologies for the study of elite schools in globalizing circumstances by fusing ethnographic fieldwork with archival research and a wealth of secondary sources. This transdisciplinary approach focuses on the nature of liberalism as a global ideal, positing that eliteness is sustained by an economy with its own culture of value and exchange that, ironically, the scholarship on elites may help perpetuate.

The Wealthy, the Brilliant, the Few

The Wealthy, the Brilliant, the Few
Author: Sophie Spieler
Publisher: transcript Verlag
Total Pages: 277
Release: 2021-06-30
Genre: Literary Criticism
ISBN: 3839457297

How does the US make sense of its elite educational system, given that it seems to be at odds with core American values, such as equality of opportunity or upward mobility? Sophie Spieler explores scholarly and journalistic investigations, self-representational texts, and fictional narratives revolving around the Ivy League and its peers in order to understand elite education and its peculiar position in American cultural discourse. Among the book's most surprising and groundbreaking insights is the tenacity and adaptability of meritocratic ideology across all three sub-discourses, despite its fundamental incompatibility with the American educational system.