El Salvador, Rural Development Study

El Salvador, Rural Development Study
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 250
Release: 1998
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780821341810
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Although El Salvador has recorded impressive overall economic growth in the 1990s, during this period, agricultural growth has lagged considerably below the rest of the economy, which raises concerns about the long-run capacity of the sector to raise incomes and employment in rural areas and contribute to overall growth. The main objectives of this sector review are twofold: to develop a strategy to revitalize the agricultural sector and realize its full potential for efficient and sustainable growth by enhancing competitiveness; and to present the main findings of the analysis of rural poverty and develop its implications for the design of a strategy for poverty alleviation.

Land Quality, Agricultural Productivity, and Food Security

Land Quality, Agricultural Productivity, and Food Security
Author: Keith Daniel Wiebe
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 478
Release: 2003-01-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9781781956977
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'Action is needed to fight poverty by sustaining the environment and the use of natural resources. Land Quality, Agricultural Productivity, and Food Security explores a range of factors driving food security. The book offers an assessment to link quality of the available land resources with productivity of land and the ability to ensure food security. It offers a mixture of broad-scale assessments across the globe, with detailed case studies, deepening our understanding of economics and decision-making mechanisms. It is recommended to researchers, as well as actors in the private and public domain, who are keen to improve their understanding of the appropriate actions that ensure food security in the decade to come.' - Floor Brouwer, Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), The Hague, The Netherlands Land quality and land degradation affect agricultural productivity and food security, but quantifying these relationships has been difficult. Data are extremely limited and outcomes are sensitive to the choices that farmers make. The contributors to this book - including soil scientists, geographers, and economists - analyse data on soils, climate, land cover, agricultural inputs and outputs, and a variety of socio-economic factors to provide new insights into three key issues: * the extent to which differences in land quality generate differences in agricultural productivity across countries * how farmers' responses to differences or changes in land quality are influenced by economic, environmental, and institutional factors, and * whether land degradation over time threatens productivity growth and food security at local, regional, and global levels.

Challenges of an Aging Society

Challenges of an Aging Society
Author: Rachel Pruchno
Publisher: JHU Press
Total Pages: 474
Release: 2007-09-10
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9780801886485
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In this important and timely collection, some of the best minds in gerontology and bioethics -- including Nancy Dubler, Rick Moody, Andrew Achenbaum, Robert Hudson, and Robert Binstock -- explore the ethical, social, and political challenges of an aging society. A unique combination of disciplines and perspectives -- from economics to nursing, psychology to theology -- this valuable synthesis of theory and practice provides frameworks and analyses for considering the ethical issues of both individual and societal aging. The contributors address the major policy challenges of Social Security, Medicare, and prescription drugs as well as ethical issues ranging from individual autonomy to family responsibility to distributive justice. Specific topics covered include end-of-life decision making, family relations across generations, age-based intergenerational policies, and the reform of Social Security. Contributors:W. Andrew Achenbaum, Ph.D., University of Houston, Houston; Vern L. Bengtson, Ph.D., University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Robert H. Binstock, Ph.D., Case Western Reserve University; Christine E. Bishop, Ph.D., Brandeis University; Thomas R. Cole, Ph.D., University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Peter A. Diamond, Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Nancy Neveloff Dubler, LL.B., Albert Einstein College of Medici Msgr. Charles J. Fahey, Fordham University; Lucy Feild, Ph.D., R.N., Partners Human Research Quality Improvement Program; Martha B. Holstein, Ph.D., DePaul University; Robert B. Hudson, Ph.D., Boston University; Eric R. Kingson, Ph.D., Syracuse University; Ronald J. Manheimer, Ph.D., University of North Carolina at Ashevil Kyriakos S. Markides, Ph.D., University of Texas Medical Branch; Daniel C. Marson, J.D., Ph.D., University of Alabama at Birmingham; H. Rick Moody, Ph.D., AARP Peter R. Orszag, Ph.D., Brookings Institution; Rachel Pruchno, Ph.D., University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey--School of Osteopathic Medici Norella M. Putney, Ph.D., University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Michael Smyer, Ph.D., Boston Colle Bruce Stuart, Ph.D.,University of Maryl Melanie A. Wakeman, Ph.D., California State University, Los Angeles; Steven P. Wallace, Ph.D., University of California at Los Angeles; John B. Williamson, Ph.D., Boston College.

Sustainable Poverty Reduction in Less-favoured Areas

Sustainable Poverty Reduction in Less-favoured Areas
Author: Ruerd Ruben
Publisher: CABI
Total Pages: 484
Release: 2007-01-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1845932773
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Less-favored areas with limited agricultural potential or difficult access conditions, support 40 percent of the world's rural population suffering from chronic poverty. While agricultural innovations and rural development programs have begun to be implemented within developing countries, they do not address the specific obstacles faced by this large population. Instead, a targeted approach is needed to identify different resource management strategies for particular types of households and communities as well as creating balanced investments aimed at sustainable intensification of rural livelihoods. Such efforts have been the focus of the research program on Regional Food Security Policies for Natural Resource Management and Sustainable Economies (RESPONSE). Through the study of less-favored areas in Africa, Latin America, and South and East Asia, development pathways allowing for the careful adjustment of resource use strategies at the field, farm-household and village level are explored.

Innovation Systems and Capabilities in Developing Regions

Innovation Systems and Capabilities in Developing Regions
Author: Willie Siyanbola
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 426
Release: 2016-05-23
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1317116313
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In today's knowledge-driven world, innovation and innovation systems have become key policy issues. However, the extent of knowledge that is available on these concepts in less developed countries is still relatively low. Much of what we know about innovation theory and systems has come from the developed countries and reflects their world view. This apparent knowledge deficit has major implications for less developed countries. Innovation Systems and Capabilities in Developing Regions adds to the growing body of knowledge on developing countries. The theoretical and empirical case studies presented here advance the notion that, while developing countries may not engage in frontier research, a critical knowledge base upon which these countries compete for global markets is emerging. There is evidence that state and non-state actors are increasingly emphasising policies that sit within the framework of national innovation systems. This book illuminates this shift in policy competence at national levels. The contributions in this volume highlight the need for thorough understanding of the role of diffusion-based innovation linked to technology transfer and acquisition. They also provide empirical evidence on the drivers, dynamics and impact of such innovation in developing economies and the constraints that apply. Contributors also document the application of the innovation system approach in developing countries as well as the build-up and diffusion of technological capabilities within innovation systems. Academics, higher level students, policy makers and practitioners involved with innovation and the economics of technical change, particularly in developing countries, will find this a valuable book.