Education And The Cultural Cold War In The Middle East
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Author | : Mahdi Ganjavi |
Publisher | : Bloomsbury Publishing |
Total Pages | : 209 |
Release | : 2023-01-26 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0755643437 |
WINNER OF THE 2023 MIDDLE EAST LIBRARIANS ASSOCIATION BOOK AWARD. The Franklin Book Programs (FBP) was a private not-for-profit U.S. organization founded in 1952 during the Cold War and was subsidized by the United States' government agencies as well as private corporations. The FBP was initially intended to promote U.S. liberal values, combat Soviet influence and to create appropriate markets for U.S. books in 'Third World' of which the Middle East was an important part, but evolved into an international educational program publishing university textbooks, schoolbooks, and supplementary readings. In Iran, working closely with the Pahlavi regime, its activities included the development of printing, publishing, book distribution, and bookselling institutions. This book uses archival sources from the FBP, US intelligence agencies and in Iran, to piece together this relationship. Put in the context of wider cultural diplomacy projects operated by the US, it reveals the extent to which the programme shaped Iran's educational system. Together the history of the FBP, its complex network of state and private sector, the role of U.S. librarians, publishers, and academics, and the joint projects the FBP organized in several countries with the help of national ministries of education, financed by U.S. Department of State and U.S. foundations, sheds new light on the long history of education in imperialist social orders, in the context here of the ongoing struggle for influence in the Cold War.
Author | : Lorenz M. Lüthi |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 775 |
Release | : 2020-03-19 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1108418333 |
A new interpretation of the Cold War from the perspective of the smaller and middle powers in Asia, the Middle East and Europe.
Author | : Frances Stonor Saunders |
Publisher | : New Press, The |
Total Pages | : 458 |
Release | : 2013-11-05 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1595589147 |
During the Cold War, freedom of expression was vaunted as liberal democracy’s most cherished possession—but such freedom was put in service of a hidden agenda. In The Cultural Cold War, Frances Stonor Saunders reveals the extraordinary efforts of a secret campaign in which some of the most vocal exponents of intellectual freedom in the West were working for or subsidized by the CIA—whether they knew it or not. Called "the most comprehensive account yet of the [CIA’s] activities between 1947 and 1967" by the New York Times, the book presents shocking evidence of the CIA’s undercover program of cultural interventions in Western Europe and at home, drawing together declassified documents and exclusive interviews to expose the CIA’s astonishing campaign to deploy the likes of Hannah Arendt, Isaiah Berlin, Leonard Bernstein, Robert Lowell, George Orwell, and Jackson Pollock as weapons in the Cold War. Translated into ten languages, this classic work—now with a new preface by the author—is "a real contribution to popular understanding of the postwar period" (The Wall Street Journal), and its story of covert cultural efforts to win hearts and minds continues to be relevant today.
Author | : Ali Javid |
Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
Total Pages | : 271 |
Release | : 2024-08-26 |
Genre | : Architecture |
ISBN | : 1040109667 |
The Politics of Architectural Pedagogy in Iran explores the evolution of architectural pedagogy during two significant socio-political upheavals in Iran: The White Revolution (1963) and the Islamic Revolution (1979). It examines how these transformative periods influenced the field, providing valuable insights into the intersection of architectural education and broader socio-political shifts in Iran. By examining the critical role of education in achieving geopolitical objectives during the Cold War, this book explores architectural pedagogy as an agent for resistance and revolution. It highlights how architectural pedagogy not only reflects radical ideologies but also actively engages in socio-political transformation. The book uncovers how architectural pedagogy became one of the mechanisms to accomplish revolutionary goals. This is evident in initiatives like the "Pedagogical Revolution" during the White Revolution (1963), aimed at modernizing educational institutions, and the "Revolutionary Pedagogy" during the Islamic Revolution (1979), which sought to serve the masses and the religious revolutionary society. In this way, the book adds a new geopolitical perspective to the contemporary discourse of radical pedagogies. This book explores the intricate connections between architectural pedagogy and politics through a transdisciplinary approach. It analyzes original multilingual documents, including political agendas, cultural agreements, curricula, teaching methods, student works, exhibitions, and conferences. It will be of interest to architectural historians and architecture students, particularly those interested in Global South development, modernism, architectural pedagogy, international relations, and Middle Eastern studies.
Author | : Zeina Maasri |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 305 |
Release | : 2020-08-06 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1108487718 |
Exploring visual culture, design and politics in 1960s Beirut, this compelling interdisciplinary study examines a critical period in Lebanon's history.
Author | : Begüm Adalet |
Publisher | : Stanford Studies in Middle Eas |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2018 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9781503605541 |
Beastly politics : Dankwart Rustow and the Turkish model of modernization -- Questions of modernization : empathy and survey research -- Material encounters : experts, reports, and machines -- "It's not yours if you can't get there" : modern roads, mobile subjects -- The innkeepers of peace : hospitality and the Istanbul Hilton
Author | : Natalia Tsvetkova |
Publisher | : BRILL |
Total Pages | : 259 |
Release | : 2021-09-27 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9004471782 |
In Cold War in Universities: U.S. and Soviet Cultural Diplomacy, 1945–1990 Natalia Tsvetkova offers an account of how professors and students restrained the Americanization or Sovietization of their national universities around the world during the Cold War.
Author | : W. John Morgan |
Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
Total Pages | : 245 |
Release | : 2024-09-30 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 1040145302 |
Cultural Cold Wars and UNESCO in the Twentieth Century addresses the now-considerable interest in the concept of cultural cold war as a means of advancing ideologies. The book charts the development of the concept in the twentieth century. Structured in two parts, Part I considers the League of Nations’ idealist attempts at international intellectual cooperation. It discusses also the first cultural cold war with the Communist International’s attempts to advance communism. It also analyses the ideological and cultural appeal of Italian fascism, German national socialism, and Japanese nationalist militarism; and the transition from a wartime alliance to a new cold war. Part II examines the renewal of international intellectual co-operation through the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in the context of a second cultural cold war between the capitalist democracies and the communist bloc. The book shows that UNESCO became a site of this ideological competition and an example of its tensions. Based on original research and a comprehensive review of the literature, including in Russian, German, and French, the book will appeal to academics, postgraduate researchers, advanced undergraduates, and others interested in recent international history and the comparative politics of ideas.
Author | : |
Publisher | : Asemana Books |
Total Pages | : 146 |
Release | : 2024-03-28 |
Genre | : Literary Criticism |
ISBN | : |
A collaboration between an ethnographer, a bilingual poet, and an Anglo-Irish literature scholar, this multilingual volume includes 100 Likoos, a syllabic genre of oral poetry, in their original Roudbari, accompanied by English and Persian translations. Likoo is one of the oldest and most concise forms of oral poetry in the Iranian plateau. Composed in the languages of the people of Roudbar and Balochistan in southeast Iran, Likoos are a testament to the cultural diversity and linguistic richness of the region. Likoos echo the lives of people in Roudbar, the lives of those living in the oasis, surrounded by the desert. They depict life in the desert with all its hardships, challenges, and failures. Likoos are the poetry of short joys and continuous hardship, reflecting the brutality of life dominated by nomadic social relations. They are the voice of a lover who catches a glimpse of his beloved in the desert, the call of a camel driver in the lonely nights of the desert on a dry path, or the mourning over the death of a young person due to tribal violence. The publication of this work has been supported by a 2021 Persian Heritage Foundation grant for publication.
Author | : Osamah F. Khalil |
Publisher | : Harvard University Press |
Total Pages | : 279 |
Release | : 2016-10-17 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0674974204 |
In T. E. Lawrence’s classic memoir Seven Pillars of Wisdom, Lawrence of Arabia claimed that he inspired a “dream palace” of Arab nationalism. What he really inspired, however, was an American idea of the area now called the Middle East that has shaped U.S. interventions over the course of a century, with sometimes tragic consequences. America’s Dream Palace brings into sharp focus the ways U.S. foreign policy has shaped the emergence of expertise concerning this crucial, often turbulent, and misunderstood part of the world. America’s growing stature as a global power created a need for expert knowledge about different regions. When it came to the Middle East, the U.S. government was initially content to rely on Christian missionaries and Orientalist scholars. After World War II, however, as Washington’s national security establishment required professional expertise in Middle Eastern affairs, it began to cultivate a mutually beneficial relationship with academic institutions. Newly created programs at Harvard, Princeton, and other universities became integral to Washington’s policymaking in the region. The National Defense Education Act of 1958, which aligned America’s educational goals with Cold War security concerns, proved a boon for Middle Eastern studies. But charges of anti-Americanism within the academy soon strained this cozy relationship. Federal funding for area studies declined, while independent think tanks with ties to the government flourished. By the time the Bush administration declared its Global War on Terror, Osamah Khalil writes, think tanks that actively pursued agendas aligned with neoconservative goals were the drivers of America’s foreign policy.