Economic Reforms And Social Policy
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| Author | : John Williamson |
| Publisher | : Peterson Institute |
| Total Pages | : 630 |
| Release | : 1994 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780881321951 |
Policymakers around the world have increasingly agreed that macroeconomic discipline, microeconomic liberalization, and outward orientation are prerequisites for economic success. But what are the political conditions that make economic transformation possible? At a conference held at the Institute for International Economics, leaders of economic reform recounted their efforts to bring about change and discussed the impact of the political climate on the success of their efforts. In this book, these leaders explore the political conditions conducive to the success of policy reforms. Did economic crisis strengthen the hands of the reformers? Was the rapidity with which reforms were instituted crucial? Did the reformers have a "honeymoon" period in which to transform the economy? The authors answer these and other questions, as well as providing first-hand accounts of the politically charged atmosphere surrounding reform efforts in their countries.
| Author | : K. S. Chalam |
| Publisher | : SAGE Publications Pvt. Limited |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2011-08-08 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9788132106449 |
Economic Reforms and Social Exclusion is an analytical study that focuses on the socially marginalized and excluded groups in India since the onset of liberalization. It examines how the liberal economic reforms have impacted socio-economic categories—caste, tribe and religious minorities—subjecting them to further deprivation. Case studies of handloom weavers, VRS workers and the temperance movement have awarded this study empirical reality. The book also offers a refreshing approach to the study of economic reforms through philosophical and theoretical arguments on issues like civil society, religion, caste and alienation. Since most of the scholarly works on social exclusion are based on Western notions of 'deprivation' and 'exclusion', this work's unique focus on India lends the reader a context-specific understanding of the subject.
| Author | : Jagdish Bhagwati |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 445 |
| Release | : 2012-10-05 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0199996229 |
Reforms and Economic Transformation in India is the second volume in the series Studies in Indian Economic Policies. The first volume, India's Reforms: How They Produced Inclusive Growth (OUP, 2012), systematically demonstrated that reforms-led growth in India led to reduced poverty among all social groups. They also led to shifts in attitudes whereby citizens overwhelmingly acknowledge the benefits that accelerated growth has brought them and as voters, they now reward the governments that deliver superior economic outcomes and punish those that fail to do so. This latest volume takes as its starting point the fact that while reforms have undoubtedly delivered in terms of poverty reduction and associated social objectives, the impact has not been as substantial as seen in other reform-oriented economies such as South Korea and Taiwan in the 1960s and 1970s, and more recently, in China. The overarching hypothesis of the volume is that the smaller reduction in poverty has been the result of slower transformation of the economy from a primarily agrarian to a modern, industrial one. Even as the GDP share of agriculture has seen rapid decline, its employment share has declined very gradually. More than half of the workforce in India still remains in agriculture. In addition, non-farm workers are overwhelmingly in the informal sector. Against this background, the nine original essays by eminent economists pursue three broad themes using firm level data in both industry and services. The papers in part I ask why the transformation in India has been slow in terms of the movement of workers out of agriculture, into industry and services, and from informal to formal employment. They address what India needs to do to speed up this transformation. They specifically show that severe labor-market distortions and policy bias against large firms has been a key factor behind the slow transformation. The papers in part II analyze the transformation that reforms have brought about within and across enterprises. For example, they investigate the impact of privatization on enterprise profitability. Part III addresses the manner in which the reforms have helped promote social transformation. Here the papers analyze the impact the reforms have had on the fortunes of the socially disadvantaged groups in terms of wage and education outcomes and as entrepreneurs.
| Author | : R. Ffrench-Davis |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 314 |
| Release | : 2015-12-04 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0230289657 |
This book provides an in-depth analysis of neo-liberal and progressive economic reforms and policies implemented in Chile since the Pinochet dictatorship. The core thesis of the book is that there is not just 'one Chilean economic model', but that several have been in force since the coup of 1973.
| Author | : Richard Rothstein |
| Publisher | : Teachers College Press |
| Total Pages | : 210 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 9780807745564 |
Contemporary public policy assumes that the achievement gap between black and white students could be closed if only schools would do a better job. According to Richard Rothstein, "Closing the gaps between lower-class and middle-class children requires social and economic reform as well as school improvement. Unfortunately, the trend is to shift most of the burden to schools, as if they alone can eradicate poverty and inequality." In this book, Rothstein points the way toward social and economic reforms that would give all children a more equal chance to succeed in school. This book features: a summary of numerous studies linking school achievement to health care quality, nutrition, childrearing styles, housing stability, parental economic security, and more ; aA look at erroneous and misleading data that underlie commonplace claims that some schools "beat the demographic odds and therefore any school can close the achievement gap if only it adopted proper practices." ; and an analysis of how the over-emphasis of standardized tests in federal law obscures the true achievement gap and makes narrowing it more difficult.
| Author | : Collectif |
| Publisher | : OECD |
| Total Pages | : 109 |
| Release | : 2018-03-19 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9264298657 |
Going for Growth is the OECD’s regular report on structural reforms in policy areas that have been identified as priorities to boost incomes in OECD and selected non-OECD countries (Argentina, Brazil, the People's Republic of China, Colombia, Costa Rica, India, Indonesia, Lithuania, the Russian Federation and South Africa). Policy priorities are updated every two years and presented in a full report, which includes individual country notes with detailed policy recommendations to address the priorities as well as a follow-up on actions taken. The next full report will be published in 2019. The interim report takes stock of the actions taken by governments over the past year in the policy areas identified as priorities for growth. This stocktaking is supported by internationally comparable indicators that enable countries to assess their economic performance and structural policies in a wide range of areas.
| Author | : Dr B. Sarangapani |
| Publisher | : Dr B. Sarangapani |
| Total Pages | : 180 |
| Release | : 2006-12-01 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 9354263658 |
This book offers valuable insights for understanding the impact of economic reforms on the changed role of state and how a retreating state can slow down programmes meant for social development. It also brings out the importance of having a coherent and consistent social policy. Academicians, researchers, policy makers, and administrators have debated several issues regarding the nature of fiscal crisis in Andhra Pradesh and implementation of subsequent World Bank lent Andhra Pradesh Economic Restructuring Project (APERP). This volume contains several research papers on various aspects of social policy in the context of on -going economic reforms.
| Author | : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
| Publisher | : Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development |
| Total Pages | : 188 |
| Release | : 2007-02-15 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : |
Across the OECD, governments are seeking to undertake structural reforms to strengthen their economic growth. Based on a broad set of indicators of structural policies and performance, Going for Growth 2007 takes stock of the recent progress made in implementing policy reforms and identifies, for each OECD country, five policy priorities to lift growth. It calls for reforms in areas such as product and labour market regulation, taxation, pension, income support, health and education to boost labour productivity and employment. The set of internationally comparable indicators provided here enables countries to assess their economic performance and structural policies in a broad range of areas. The publication puts together the knowledge accumulated at the OECD in these various fields. In addition, this issue contains four analytical chapters covering: The employment effects of policies and institutions Product market regulation and productivity convergence Policies to strengthen competition in product markets Factors shaping the implementation of structural reform
| Author | : Susan L. Shirk |
| Publisher | : Univ of California Press |
| Total Pages | : 411 |
| Release | : 2023-04-28 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 0520912217 |
In the past decade, China was able to carry out economic reform without political reform, while the Soviet Union attempted the opposite strategy. How did China succeed at economic market reform without changing communist rule? Susan Shirk shows that Chinese communist political institutions are more flexible and less centralized than their Soviet counterparts were. Shirk pioneers a rational choice institutional approach to analyze policy-making in a non-democratic authoritarian country and to explain the history of Chinese market reforms from 1979 to the present. Drawing on extensive interviews with high-level Chinese officials, she pieces together detailed histories of economic reform policy decisions and shows how the political logic of Chinese communist institutions shaped those decisions. Combining theoretical ambition with the flavor of on-the-ground policy-making in Beijing, this book is a major contribution to the study of reform in China and other communist countries. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1994. In the past decade, China was able to carry out economic reform without political reform, while the Soviet Union attempted the opposite strategy. How did China succeed at economic market reform without changing communist rule? Susan Shirk shows that Chine
| Author | : Costanzo Ranci |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 322 |
| Release | : 2012-11-08 |
| Genre | : Family & Relationships |
| ISBN | : 1461445027 |
Over the last two decades, many changes have happened to the social welfare policies of various industrial countries. Citizens have seen their pensions, unemployment benefits, and general healthcare policies shrink as “belt tightening” measures are enforced. But in contrast, long-term care has seen a general growth in public financing, an expansion of beneficiaries, and, more generally, an attempt to define larger social responsibilities and related social rights. The aim of this book is to describe and interpret the changes introduced in long-term care policies in Western Europe. The volume argues that recent reforms have brought about an increasing convergence in LTC policies. Most of the new programs have developed a new general approach to long-term care, based on a better integration of social care and health care. The book explores increasing public support given to family care work (in the past, the family would take care of the elderly or infirm) and increasing growth and recognition of a extended social care market (by which care has shifted from a moral obligation based on family reciprocity to a paid, professional activity). A new social care arrangement has therefore been developing in Western countries, based on a new mix of family obligations, market provision, and public support. In order to understand such changes, this analysis will take into account the social and economical impact of these reforms.
