Domestic Resource Mobilization And The Poor
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| Author | : Katja Hujo |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 470 |
| Release | : 2020-07-07 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3030375951 |
At a time when the development community is grappling with the challenge of raising the required investment—estimated in the trillions of dollars—for attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), countries’ mobilization of their own fiscal revenues is receiving increasing attention. This edited volume discusses the political and institutional contexts that enable poor countries to mobilize domestic resources for global commitments and national development priorities. It examines the processes and mechanisms that connect the politics of resource mobilization and demands for social provision; changes in state-citizen, state-business and donor-recipient relations associated with resource mobilization and allocation; and governance reforms that can lead to improved and sustainable public revenues and services. The volume is unique in putting a spotlight on the political drivers of domestic resource mobilization in a rapidly changing global environment and in different country contexts in Latin America, Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. It will appeal to a broad academic audience in the fields of economics, development studies and social policy, as well as practitioners, activists and policy makers.
| Author | : Nora Lustig |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
At the UN General Assembly of September 2015, countries around the world committed to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By 2030, counties committed to attain poverty and hunger eradication, healthy lives, quality education, gender equality and sustainable development. Countries also committed to promoting full-employment growth, decent work, peaceful societies and accountable institutions as well as to reducing inequality and strengthening global partnerships for sustainable development. One key factor to achieving the SDGs will be the availability of fiscal resources to deliver the floors in social protection, social services and infrastructure embedded in the SDGs. A significant portion of these resources is expected to come from domestic sources in developing countries themselves, complemented by transfers from the countries that are better off. The report states that for all countries, the mobilization and effective use of domestic resources is at the crux of our common pursuit of sustainable development and achieving the SDGs Moreover, countries will be expected to set spending targets to deliver social protection and essential public services for all and set nationally defined domestic revenue targets. In particular, that raising additional revenues domestically for infrastructure, protecting the environment or social services may leave a significant portion of the poor with less cash to buy food and other essential goods. It is not uncommon that the net effect of all governments taxing and spending is to leave the poor worse off in terms of actual consumption of private goods and services. Achieving the new Sustainable Development Goals will depend in part on the ability of governments to improve their tax collection and enforcement systems. However, demand for investments into infrastructure and public services must be balanced against the competing need to protect low-income households that may otherwise be made worse off from misaligned tax and transfer policies.
| Author | : Raul Felix Junquera-Varela |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 228 |
| Release | : 2017-06-29 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1464810745 |
Public spending plays a key role in the economic growth and development of most developing economies. This book analyzes revenues, policy, and administration of Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM) in developing countries. It provides a broad landscape of practical examples, drawing from lessons learned in World Bank operations across Global Practices over the past several decades. It should be thought of as a starting point for a more comprehensive research agenda rather than a complete inventory itself. This book reviews the trends in tax revenue collection in developing countries. It provides an overview of efforts to close the revenue gap, many of which have been supported by World Bank operations. The book reviews the special challenges facing low income countries, which have traditionally relied on indirect revenues in the context of limited formalization of their economies. An overview of tax policy and administration reform programs is presented, with an overview of outstanding issues that will shape the policy agenda in years ahead.
| Author | : Kimberly B. Bolch |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 31 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : Economic development |
| ISBN | : |
The 2015 United Nations resolution on Financing for Development stresses the importance of effective resource mobilization and use of domestic resources to pursue sustainable development. The first Sustainable Development Goal is to eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere by 2030. This paper proposes an accounting exercise to assess whether it is feasible for countries to eliminate poverty using only domestic resources, in other words, by mere redistribution. Moreover, the paper argues that the concentration of resources in the hands of fewer individuals in the society may hinder the feasibility of implementing effective fiscal policies (from the revenue side and the social spending side) to reduce poverty. The paper provides a new tool to assess the capacity of countries to eliminate poverty through redistribution, and a new tool to approximate the concentration of political influence in a country. The new methodologies are applied to the most recent surveys available for more than 120 developing countries. The findings show that countries with the same fiscal capacity to mobilize resources for poverty eradication differ widely in the political feasibility of such redistribution policies.
| Author | : Rob Vos |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 29 |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : |
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The cost of halving the number of people living in extreme poverty-below the international poverty benchmark of US$1.25 per day at purchasing power parity-is estimated at US$5 billion, the majority, or US$4.2 billion, of which is needed in sub-Saharan Africa. [...] But recent trends show that almost all of the increase in tax mobilization in sub-Saharan Africa has come in the form of taxes and other revenues collected from the natural resources sector. [...] Donor Roles in Supporting DRM The international community has been active in scaling up support for DRM efforts in sub- Saharan Africa, as evident in the recent support for the establishment of the African Tax Administration Forum. [...] The following points are worth keeping in mind: Financing gap estimates are at best a general reference for a larger conversation about roles and responsibilities, particularly how the aid system needs to adapt and what we expect aid to contribute in the post-2015 framework. [...] The real challenges, not only for aid and development effectiveness but DRM as well, will be increasingly concentrated in a core group of resource-poor, post- conflict, and fragile states; their needs ought to be the main focus of reforms to the international aid architecture.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This provides an opportunity to talk about What about eliminating global poverty But recent trends show that almost all the how the aid system and donor approach needs completely? At a higher and arguably more increase in tax mobilization in Africa has come in to change, and how much we expect aid to appropriate $2 a day benchmark, Kharas and the form of taxes and other revenues collected contribu. [...] OECD, Country Programmable Aid most recently as evident in the support for the what we expect aid to contribute in the (CPA), retrieved 13-03-25, www.oecd.org/ establishment of the African Tax Administration post-2015 agenda development/aideffectiveness/cpa.htm Forum (ATAF12). [...] OECD, Data from Ensuring Fragile States Are The region has been the most generous among conflict states; their needs ought to be the Not Left Behind 2011 (3/8), retrieved 13-03-25, developing regions in terms of granting tax main preoccupation of reforms to the aid www.oecd.org/dac/conflictandfragility/ exemptions, particularly in the natural resources architecture 10. [...] Foregone • DRM, as it relates to a stronger social can...outgrow poverty, retrieved 13-03-25, revenues, in addition to large estimates of capital contract between state and citizen, is an flight from the region16, suggest greater DRM end in itself; reducing it to tax mobilization africa-outgrown-aid potential even in some of the poorest countries targets is. [...] is the structure of the economy, rather than the 1.
| Author | : Hong Wang |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 445 |
| Release | : 2020-06-03 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9811212422 |
The global health community is broadly in agreement that achievement of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) hinges upon both an escalation of the financial resources dedicated to primary health care (PHC) and a more effective use of those resources: more money, better spent. This book introduces and explicates the end-to-end resource tracking and management (RTM) framework, which includes five components that determine effective and efficient financing for PHC: resource mobilization, allocation, utilization, productivity, and targeting.In addition, this book compiles detailed results from the most recent RTM-based resource tracking efforts for PHC in selected countries. This is to demonstrate how the RTM framework can be used to bring a set of separate resource tracking efforts at different stages of flow of funds into a comprehensive process with an end-to-end 'storyline'. In order to build a functional PHC system that addresses access, quality, and equity issues, this book highlights the key (public) financing issues that researchers, technical advisors, and policy makers would need to address in addition to more resources.
| Author | : Cécile Cherrier |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Social transfers, a non-contributory form of social protection, present a great potential to tackle poverty and inequality, and support inclusive socioeconomic development. Yet, they also represent a long-term financial commitment, and in environments where they are most needed, national policymakers are often reluctant to introduce them. In reaction to this situation, foreign aid actors have been allocating resources to support the expansion of social transfers in low-income countries. Progress in terms of policy uptake has been slow, and there has been concern over the ability of aid initiatives around social transfers to translate into sustainable policy changes and contribute to more inclusive development patterns. Better understanding why governments come to adopt and finance certain types of social transfers - and what role, if any, foreign aid actors play - can usefully inform the formulation of strategies towards the expansion of basic social protection in countries where the process appears to have stalled. This paper is part of the UNRISD research project on "The Politics of Domestic Resource Mobilization for Social Development". Its specific contribution is with regards to the catalytic effect of foreign aid on domestic resource mobilization for social transfers in low-income countries. The paper elaborates on a comparative analysis of the origins and features of six sizable social transfer schemes currently operating in low-income African countries. Findings suggest a catalytic effect of aid on mobilizing additional domestic resources for social transfers. But in light of these findings, the paper questions whether, at least in some cases, a narrow focus on social transfer instruments may have distracted public resources (domestic and foreign) away from deeper causes of poverty and marginalization, doing a disservice to the transformative agenda development partners claim to defend.
| Author | : Daniel F. Runde |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 7 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : Finance, Public |
| ISBN | : |
This is the third in a series of four policy memos that explore various facets of domestic resource mobilization and examines the interaction between DRM and public financial management. DRM is commonly defined as the mix of financial resources available to a government to fund its operations, including direct and indirect taxes, other revenue, and borrowing from local capital markets. This series of policy memos is primarily concerned with the tax or domestic revenue side of financial management impacts DRM and the policital side of DRM. The first two policy memos examined tax system reform and the role of donors. Donors have long provided support for tax reform, but since the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals in the 2000s, donor and recipient governments have increasingly placed local resources at the center of efforts to tackling development challenges. This conversation has gained importance in the last five years as the international development community adopted the more ambitious Sustainable Development Goals in 2015, which aim to end extreme poverty by 2030.
