This Springer Brief presents a study that aims to identify the demand for cooking fuel at household level under different socio-economic conditions in rural India, with the goal of offering recommendations to reformulate and redesign energy policy. Households’ fuel choice and level of fuel consumption contribute to efforts toward sustainable development in emerging economy like India. In this context, it is important to identify the determining factors of fuel choice and consumption decision for cooking purpose at household level. Earlier studies mainly focused on fuel price and household income determining domestic fuel consumption, and insufficient attention has been given to other socioeconomic factors and decision processes for fuel choice. In this Brief, the double hurdle model is used to estimate the hurdles in fuel demand and its determinants at the household level in rural India.