Do Corporate Control And Product Market Competition Lead To Stronger Productivity Growth
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| Author | : Jens F. Koke |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 40 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This study investigates the impact of corporate governance and product market competition on total factor productivity growth in Germany and the UK. For Germany, the prototype of a bank-based governance system, productivity grows faster in firms controlled by financial institutions (in particular, banks and insurance companies) and intense competition reinforces this beneficial impact. Furthermore, the importance of the German creditors (mostly banks) for productivity growth is particularly significant in firms which experience financial difficulties or are in financial distress. For the UK, a market-based governance system, we do not find any evidence that creditors play a disciplinary role. Still, there is strong evidence that shareholder control (by insiders, private outsiders and financial institutions) leads to substantial increases in productivity in poorly performing firms. We also find evidence that product market competition is a substitute for blockholder control in the UK.
| Author | : Jens Köke |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Silke Januszewski Forbes |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This study examines the impact of product market competition and corporate governance on productivity growth in German manufacturing. Using a panel of almost 500 firms over the years 1986--94, we find that firms experience higher productivity growth when operating in markets with intense competition. Similarly, productivity growth is higher for firms under control of a strong ultimate owner, but not when the ultimate owner is a financial institution (a group that consisted almost exclusively of German banks and insurance firms in our sample period). Our results also indicate that competition and tight control are complements: The positive effect of competition is enhanced by the presence of a strong ultimate owner.
| Author | : Sónia Félix |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 57 |
| Release | : 2019-12-13 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1513521519 |
This paper studies the macroeconomic effect and underlying firm-level transmission channels of a reduction in business entry costs. We provide novel evidence on the response of firms' entry, exit, and employment decisions. To do so, we use as a natural experiment a reform in Portugal that reduced entry time and costs. Using the staggered implementation of the policy across the Portuguese municipalities, we find that the reform increased local entry and employment by, respectively, 25% and 4.8% per year in its first four years of implementation. Moreover, around 60% of the increase in employment came from incumbent firms expanding their size, with most of the rise occurring among the most productive firms. Standard models of firm dynamics, which assume a constant elasticity of substitution, are inconsistent with the expansionary and heterogeneous response across incumbent firms. We show that in a model with heterogeneous firms and variable markups the most productive firms face a lower demand elasticity and expand their employment in response to increased entry.
| Author | : Fabrizio Barca |
| Publisher | : OUP Oxford |
| Total Pages | : 354 |
| Release | : 2001-11-15 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0191530050 |
Written by an international team of authors, this book provides the first systematic account of the control of corporate Europe based on voting block data disclosed in accordance with the European Union's Large Holdings Directive (88/627/EEC). The study provides detailed information on the voting control of companies listed on the official markets in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and, as a benchmark comparison, the United States. The authors record a high concentration of control of corporations in many European countries with single blockholders frequently controlling more than fifty per cent of corporate votes. In contrast, a majority of UK listed companies have no blockholder owning more than ten per cent of shares, and a majority of US listed companies have no blockholder with more than six per cent of shares. Those chapters devoted to individual countries illustrate how blockholders can use legal devices to leverage their voting power over their cash-flow rights, or how incumbents prevent outsiders from gaining voting control. It is shown that the cultural and linguistic diversity of Europe is (almost) matched by its variety of corporate control arrangements.
| Author | : Harry DeAngelo |
| Publisher | : Now Publishers Inc |
| Total Pages | : 215 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Corporations |
| ISBN | : 1601982046 |
Corporate Payout Policy synthesizes the academic research on payout policy and explains "how much, when, and how". That is (i) the overall value of payouts over the life of the enterprise, (ii) the time profile of a firm's payouts across periods, and (iii) the form of those payouts. The authors conclude that today's theory does a good job of explaining the general features of corporate payout policies, but some important gaps remain. So while our emphasis is to clarify "what we know" about payout policy, the authors also identify a number of interesting unresolved questions for future research. Corporate Payout Policy discusses potential influences on corporate payout policy including managerial use of payouts to signal future earnings to outside investors, individuals' behavioral biases that lead to sentiment-based demands for distributions, the desire of large block stockholders to maintain corporate control, and personal tax incentives to defer payouts. The authors highlight four important "carry-away" points: the literature's focus on whether repurchases will (or should) drive out dividends is misplaced because it implicitly assumes that a single payout vehicle is optimal; extant empirical evidence is strongly incompatible with the notion that the primary purpose of dividends is to signal managers' views of future earnings to outside investors; over-confidence on the part of managers is potentially a first-order determinant of payout policy because it induces them to over-retain resources to invest in dubious projects and so behavioral biases may, in fact, turn out to be more important than agency costs in explaining why investors pressure firms to accelerate payouts; the influence of controlling stockholders on payout policy --- particularly in non-U.S. firms, where controlling stockholders are common --- is a promising area for future research. Corporate Payout Policy is required reading for both researchers and practitioners interested in understanding this central topic in corporate finance and governance.
| Author | : Sandra Ospina |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 36 |
| Release | : 2010-03-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1451982119 |
This paper presents empirical evidence on the impact of competition on firm productivity. Using firm-level observations from the World Bank Enterprise Survey database, we find a positive and robust causal relationship between our proxies for competition and our measures of productivity. We also find that countries that implemented product-market reforms had a more pronounced increase in competition, and correspondingly, in productivity: the contribution to productivity growth due to competition spurred by product-market reforms is around 12-15 percent.
| Author | : Emili Grifell-Tatjé |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 902 |
| Release | : 2018-08-07 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0190226730 |
Productivity underpins business success and national well-being and thus it is crucial to understand the factors that influence productivity growth. This volume provides a comprehensive exploration into the significance of productivity growth for business, the economy, and for social economic progress. It examines how productivity is defined, measured and implemented. It also surveys the dispersion of productivity across time and place, focusing on the productivity dynamics that either leads to a reallocation of resources that reduces dispersion and increases aggregate productivity or, conversely, allows dispersion to persist behind barriers to productivity-enhancing reallocation. A third focus is an investigation of the drivers of, or impediments to, productivity growth, some of which are organizational in nature and under management control and others of which are institutional in nature and subject to public policy intervention. The Oxford Handbook of Productivity Analysis contains contributions of distinguished productivity experts from around the world who analyze a wide range of timely issues. These issues concern purely analytical topics surrounding the measurement of productivity in various situations, beginning with the ideal situation in which all inputs and all outputs, and their prices, are observed accurately. They also include service sectors such as education in which the services provided are hard to define, much less measure, and other sectors that generate undesirable environmental externalities that are difficult to price and complicate the very definition of productivity. The issues also involve business management topics ranging from the role of business models and benchmarking to the quality of management practices, the adoption of new technologies, and possible complementarities between the two. The relationship between productivity and business performance is also explored. At a more aggregate level the issues range from the impacts of market power, incentive regulation, international trade and global value chains on productivity, to the contribution of productivity to economic development and economic welfare.
| Author | : Joseph McCahery |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
| Total Pages | : 728 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780199247875 |
This volume provides an up-to-the-minute survey of the field of corporate governance, focusing particularly on issues of convergence and diversity. A number of topics are discussed including bankruptcy procedures, initial public offerings, the role of large stakes, comparative corporate governance, and institutional investors.
| Author | : Alberto Chong |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 584 |
| Release | : 2007-06-26 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0821369148 |
'Investor Protection and Corporate Governance' analyzes the impact of corporate governance on firm performance and valuation. Using unique datasets gathered at the firm-level the first such data in the region and results from a homogeneous corporate governance questionnaire, the book examines corporate governance characteristics, ownership structures, dividend policies, and performance measures. The book's analysis reveals the very high levels of ownership and voting rights concentrations and monolithic governance structures in the largest samples of Latin American companies up to now, and new data emphasize the importance of specific characteristics of the investor protection regimes in several Latin American countries. By and large, those firms with better governance measures across several dimensions are granted higher valuations and thus lower cost of capital. This title will be useful to researchers, policy makers, government officials, and other professionals involved in corporate governance, economic policy, and business finance, law, and management.
