Diamond Based Materials
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| Author | : R.J. Narayan |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 30 |
| Release | : 2013-03-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0128087986 |
Diamond has been considered for use in several medical applications due to its unique mechanical, chemical, optical, and biological properties. In this chapter, methods for preparing synthetic diamond surfaces and particles are described. In addition, recent developments involving the use of diamond in prostheses, sensing, imaging, and drug delivery applications are reviewed. These developments suggest that diamond-containing structures will provide significant improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions over the coming years.
| Author | : Roger Narayan |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 297 |
| Release | : 2013-03-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0857093517 |
Carbon is light-weight, strong, conductive and able to mimic natural materials within the body, making it ideal for many uses within biomedicine. Consequently a great deal of research and funding is being put into this interesting material with a view to increasing the variety of medical applications for which it is suitable. Diamond-based materials for biomedical applications presents readers with the fundamental principles and novel applications of this versatile material.Part one provides a clear introduction to diamond based materials for medical applications. Functionalization of diamond particles and surfaces is discussed, followed by biotribology and biological behaviour of nanocrystalline diamond coatings, and blood compatibility of diamond-like carbon coatings. Part two then goes on to review biomedical applications of diamond based materials, beginning with nanostructured diamond coatings for orthopaedic applications. Topics explored include ultrananocrystalline diamond for neural and ophthalmological applications, nanodiamonds for drug delivery systems, and diamond nucleation and seeding techniques for tissue regeneration. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of diamond materials for microfluidic devices.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Diamond-based materials for biomedical applications is an authoritative guide for all materials scientists, researchers, medical practitioners and academics investigating the properties and uses of diamond based materials in the biomedical environment. - Presents the fundamental principles and novel applications of this versatile material - Discusses the functionalization of diamond particles and surfaces, biotribology and biological behaviour of nanocrystalinediamond coatings and blood compatibility of diamond-like carbon coatings - Reviews nanostructured diamond coatings for orthopaedic coatings
| Author | : M. Fedel |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 39 |
| Release | : 2013-03-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 012808801X |
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films offer numerous functional characteristics that make them particularly attractive as potential wear resistant coatings for biomedical applications. This chapter first discusses the blood compatibility of various forms of plain and doped DLCs, and evaluates possible correlations with film structure and surface properties. The chapter then considers the application of DLC coatings to different typologies of implants and medical devices, with special regard to cardiovascular prostheses.
| Author | : M. Amaral |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 30 |
| Release | : 2013-03-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0128088001 |
This chapter discusses the application of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films as protective coatings for joint replacement. The chapter includes an overview of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond and discusses the influence of hot-filament chemical vapour deposition (HFCVD) parameters on the deposition of NCD on silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics. The chapter then presents biotribological studies and in vitro cell cultures of the deposited NCD coatings.
| Author | : A. Kromka |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 64 |
| Release | : 2013-03-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0128088060 |
The growth of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) thin films has become routine in labs and companies globally. This has been enabled by the fast progress of diamond nucleation and seeding in science and technology during the past decade, as a result of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of NCD films requiring that a non-diamond substrate is treated by nucleation or seeding process prior to diamond growth. However, growth of ultrathin continuous NCD films (thickness
| Author | : A.E. Mengesha |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 2013-03-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0128088052 |
Nanodiamonds offer a potential novel template for drug delivery and targeting, because of their small primary particle size, purity, excellent properties, facile surface functionalization, high biocompatibility, and inexpensive large-scale synthesis. However, nanodiamond properties such as aggregation state, surface chemistry, and presence of impurities, as well as the localization and accumulation behavior at the organism level, must be controlled to maintain safety and retain efficacy of conjugated therapeutic agents. A clinically applicable approach requires investigation of biocompatibility, biodistribution, and biological fate of the nanodiamond as well as its conjugates.
| Author | : S.A. Catledge |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 59 |
| Release | : 2013-03-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0128088028 |
With increasing numbers of orthopaedic devices being implanted, greater emphasis is being placed on ceramic coating technology to reduce friction and wear in mating total joint replacement components, in order to improve implant function and increase device lifespan. In this chapter, we consider ultra-hard carbon coatings, with emphasis on nanostructured diamond, as alternative bearing surfaces for metallic components. Such coatings have great potential for use in biomedical implants as a result of their extreme hardness, wear resistance, low friction and biocompatibility. These ultra-hard carbon coatings can be deposited by several techniques resulting in a wide variety of structures and properties.
| Author | : Y-C. Chen |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 23 |
| Release | : 2013-03-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0128088044 |
Diamond films have been considered as ideal candidates for protective coatings on bioimplants, as bioimplants themselves or as a guide for neural differentiation, because of their excellent mechanical properties, functional amenability, biocompatibility, and unique nanostructures. We separate nanocrystalline diamond films into two categories based on growth chemistries, nanostructure, and properties: nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) and ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD). UNCD is suitable for application as a hermetic coating for protection of implantable artificial retina medical devices, and also contributes to improvement of neural stem cell (NSC)-based cell transplantation, tissue engineering for neural tissue repair and regeneration and study of neural cell differentiation.
| Author | : O. Auciello |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 2013-03-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0128088036 |
This chapter discusses the integration of physiology, new biomaterials and micro and nanofabrication technologies, which enable the development of new devices implantable in the human eye for diagnosis, monitoring, and/or therapeutic treatment of vision. The chapter focuses on the science and technology of biomaterials for three main applications: to restore sight to people blinded by genetically induced degeneration of retina photoreceptors; for draining aqueous humour from the eyes of people with glaucoma condition; and a novel method for retina detachment therapy.
| Author | : Lawrence S. Pan |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 498 |
| Release | : 1994-12-31 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 9780792395249 |
The use of diamond for electronic applications is not a new idea. As early as the 1920's diamonds were considered for their use as photoconductive detectors. However limitations in size and control of properties naturally limited the use of diamond to a few specialty applications. With the development of diamond synthesis from the vapor phase has come a more serious interest in developing diamond-based electronic devices. A unique combination of extreme properties makes diamond partiCularly well suited for high speed, high power, and high temperature applications. Vapor phase deposition of diamond allows large area films to be deposited, whose properties can potentially be controlled. Since the process of diamond synthesis was first realized, great progress have been made in understanding the issues important for growing diamond and fabricating electronic devices. The quality of both intrinsic and doped diamond has improved greatly to the point that viable applications are being developed. Our understanding of the properties and limitations has also improved greatly. While a number of excellent references review the general properties of diamond, this volume summarizes the great deal of literature related only to electronic properties and applications of diamond. We concentrate only on diamond; related materials such as diamond-like carbon (DLC) and other wide bandgap semiconductors are not treated here. In the first chapter Profs. C. Y. Fong and B. M. Klein discuss the band structure of single-crystal diamond and its relation to electronic properties.
