Development of Test Scenarios for Off-Roadway Crash Countermeasures Based on Crash Statistics

Development of Test Scenarios for Off-Roadway Crash Countermeasures Based on Crash Statistics
Author: U. S. Department U.S. Department of Transportation
Publisher: CreateSpace
Total Pages: 82
Release: 2013-10-28
Genre:
ISBN: 9781493594931

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), in conjunction with the Research and Special Programs Administration Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center), is conducting an analysis of off-roadway crashes in support of the Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI). The IVI accelerates the development and deployment of vehicle-based and vehicle-infrastructure cooperative crash countermeasures using intelligent technologies over seven problem areas: rear-end, off-roadway, lane change, crossing paths, driver impairment, reduced visibility, and vehicle instability crashes.

Development of Crash Imminent Test Scenarios for Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems (IVBSS)

Development of Crash Imminent Test Scenarios for Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems (IVBSS)
Author: Wassim Najm
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 62
Release: 2007
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN:

This report identifies crash imminent test scenarios based on common pre-crash scenarios for integrated vehicle-based safety systems that alert the driver of a light vehicle or a heavy truck to an impending rear-end, lane change, or run-off-road crash. Pre-crash scenarios describe vehicle movements and critical events immediately prior to the crash. The General Estimates System (GES) crash database was queried to distinguish common pre-crash scenarios for light vehicles (2003 GES) and heavy trucks (2000-2003 GES) in terms of their frequency of occurrence. Analysis of two-vehicle rear-end crashes revealed four dominant scenarios that accounted for 97 percent of light-vehicle crashes and 95 percent of heavy-truck crashes in which the subject vehicle was striking. Four scenarios were also identified from an analysis of two-vehicle lane change crashes, comprising 65 percent of light-vehicle crashes and 76 percent of heavy-truck crashes in which the subject vehicle was encroaching onto another vehicle in adjacent lanes. There were five single-vehicle, run-off-road scenarios representing 63 percent of light-vehicle crashes and 83 percent of heavy-truck crashes, excluding crashes caused by vehicle failure or evasive maneuver. An additional set of scenarios is proposed to address multiple threats from near simultaneous critical events. This report also provides a statistical description of individual scenarios in terms of their environmental factors, roadway geometry, and speed conditions.