Determining The Phylogenetic Relationship Of A Collection Of Hydra Strains And Species Using The Mitochondrial Genes
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Molecular Systematics of Fishes
Author | : Thomas D. Kocher |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 329 |
Release | : 1997-07-10 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 0080536913 |
Sequenced biological macromolecules have revitalized systematic studies of evolutionary history. Molecular Systematics of Fishes is the first authoritative overview of the theory and application of these sequencing data to fishes. This volume explores the phylogeny of fishes at multiple taxonomic levels, uses methods of analysis of molecular data that apply both within and between fish populations, and employs molecule-based phylogenies to address broader questions of evolution. Targeted readers include ichthyologists, marine scientists, and all students, faculty, and researchers interested in fish evolution and ecology and vertebrate systematics. - Focuses on the phylogeny and evolutionary biology of fishes - Contains phylogenies of fishes at multiple taxonomic levels - Applies molecule-based phylogenies to broader questions of evolution - Includes methods for critique of analysis of molecular data
A Study of Phylogenetic Trees Versus Networks to Objectively Identify Haplogroups in Mitochondrial DNA
Author | : Melissa Ruda |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 168 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : Cladistic analysis |
ISBN | : |
"Mitochondrial DNA is important in the studies of population, medicine, migration, and forensics, as well as a few other disciplines. Further insight on grouping mtDNA sequences could give insight on identifying genetic variation that causes susceptibility to disease, more personalized medicines, or more effective forensic analysis. Mitochondrial DNA is currently grouped into haplogroups determined from phylogenetic tree analysis. Phylogenetic tree analysis may not be the optimal solution for mtDNA because they work better for data above the species level, to show population relationships, not sequences that only differ by a few nucleotides. To compare both analysis, sample data was obtained from Phylotree.org. The sequences were run through Clustal W for a multi sequence alignment. The results were then used to create a Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree in PAUP* 4.0. The results were then compared to a phylogenetic network created using SplitsTree4. The groupings in the network were compared to the groupings in the tree as well as what would be expected based on haplogroups. Even though the results were similar, the phylogenetic network did give a slightly more thorough result."--Abstract.
Species Concepts and Phylogenetic Theory
Author | : Quentin D. Wheeler |
Publisher | : Columbia University Press |
Total Pages | : 245 |
Release | : 2000 |
Genre | : Phylogeny |
ISBN | : 0231101430 |
No question in theoretical biology has been more perennially controversial or perplexing than "What is a species?" Recent advances in phylogenetic theory have called into question traditional views of species and spawned many concepts that are currently competing for general acceptance. Once the subject of esoteric intellectual exercises, the "species problem" has emerged as a critically important aspect of global environmental concerns. Completion of an inventory of biodiversity, success in conservation, predictive knowledge about life on earth, management of material resources, formulation of scientifically credible public policy and law, and more depend upon our adoption of the "right" species concept. Quentin D. Wheeler and Rudolf Meier present a debate among top systematic biology theorists to consider the strengths and weaknesses of five competing concepts. Debaters include (1) Ernst Mayr (Biological Species Concept), (2) Rudolf Meier and Rainer Willmann (Hennigian species concept), (3) Brent Mishler and Edward Theriot (one version of the Phylogenetic Species Concept), (4) Quentin Wheeler and Norman Platnick (a competing version of the Phylogenetic Species Concept), and (5) E. O. Wiley and Richard Mayden (the Evolutionary Species Concept). Each author or pair of authors contributes three essays to the debate: first, a position paper with an opening argument for their respective concept of species; second, a counterpoint view of the weakness of competing concepts; and, finally, a rebuttal of the attacks made by other authors. This unique and lively debate format makes the comparative advantages and disadvantages of competing species concepts clear and accessible in a single book for the first time, bringing to light numerous controversies in phylogenetic theory, taxonomy, and philosophy of science that are important to a wide audience. Species Concepts and Phylogenetic Theory will meet a need among scientists, conservationists, policy-makers, and students of biology for an explicit, critical evaluation of a large and complex literature on species. An important reference for professionals, the book will prove especially useful in classrooms and discussion groups where students may find a concise, lucid entrée to one of the most complex questions facing science and society.
Deep Metazoan Phylogeny: The Backbone of the Tree of Life
Author | : J. Wolfgang Wägele |
Publisher | : Walter de Gruyter |
Total Pages | : 764 |
Release | : 2014-02-27 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3110277522 |
The growing success of molecular methods has challenged traditional views of animal evolution and a large number of alternative hypotheses are hotly debated today. For the deep metazoan phylogeny project, data sets of hitherto unmatched quality and quantity were compiled and analysed with innovative bioinformatics tools. The book begins at the base of the tree of life to discuss the origin of animals and early branches of the phylogenetic tree. The following section presents special data sets gained from mitochondrial genomes and from morphology, with a focus on nervous systems. The final section is dedicated to theoretical aspects of data analysis and new bioinformatics tools. The book closes with a unique general discussion of all hypotheses contained in previous chapters. This work provides the most comprehensive overview available of the state of the art in this exciting field of evolutionary research.
The Phylogenetic Handbook
Author | : Marco Salemi |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 456 |
Release | : 2003-08-27 |
Genre | : Computers |
ISBN | : 9780521803908 |
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Microbial Phylogeny and Evolution
Author | : Jan Sapp |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 349 |
Release | : 2005-03-03 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0198037775 |
The birth of bacterial genomics since the mid-1990s brought withit several conceptual modifications and wholly new controversies. Working beyond the scope of the neo-Darwinian evolutionary synthesis, a group of leading microbial evolutionists addresses the following and related issues, often with markedly varied viewpoints: · Did the eukaryotic nucleus, cytoskeleton and cilia also orginate from symbiosis? · Do the current scenarios about he origin of mitochondria and plastids require revision? · What is the extent of lateral gene transfer (between "species") among bacteria? · Does the rDNA phylogenetic tree still stand in the age of genomics? · Is the course of the first 3 billion years of evolution even knowable?
Index Medicus
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 2268 |
Release | : 2003 |
Genre | : Medicine |
ISBN | : |
Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Biology of Hydra
Author | : Allson Burnett |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 483 |
Release | : 2012-12-02 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0323148697 |
Biology of Hydra covers eight areas of Hydra biology, particularly, its behavior and ecology; polarity; gastrodermal and epidermal regeneration; differentiation of nervous elements; cell proliferation and morphogenesis; and mesoglea. This book describes, in particular, the various aspects of Hydra's behavior, not obvious in casual observation, as well as the animal's feeding and digestion. It also looks into the contribution of interstitial cells to the regenerative process in Hydra; the ultrastructural changes during dedifferentiation and redifferentiation in the regenerating, isolated gastrodermis; regeneration from isolated epidermal explants; and regeneration of a Hydra containing no interstitial cells from an isolated basal disc. Furthermore, the book explains the grafting of the gastrodermis of Hydra viridis to the epidermis of Hydra pseudoligactis, and the results of such agraft on two animals sectioned for histological study. It examines the role of the neoblast in regeneration and the ultrastructure of Hydra's nervous system. The book also explores Hydra's growth and the contribution of cell proliferation to net growth and maintenance of form.