Design of Mm-wave Reflection-Type Phase Shifters with Oscillation-Based Test Capabilities

Design of Mm-wave Reflection-Type Phase Shifters with Oscillation-Based Test Capabilities
Author: Marc Margalef rovira
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2020
Genre:
ISBN:

This work focuses on the design of on-silicon mm-wave Reflection-Type Phase Shifters (RTPS) with Oscillation-Based Test (OBT) capabilities. For more consistency, a single technology was considered, the STM 55-nm BiCMOS. First, the theory and practical implementations of 3-dB couplers is discussed. Particular attention is brought to the Coupled Slow-wave CoPlanar Waveguide (CS-CPW) topology, due to its good performance. Using this topology, the measurements of two 3-dB couplers are reported: (i) a 120-GHz, and (ii) a 185-GHz coupler.Next, the existing topologies of integrated varactors are discussed. Measurement results are reported for an Inversion-mode MOS (I-MOS) varactor from 1 up to 325 GHz. Additionally, the Common-Source MOS (CS-MOS) varactor architecture is proposed and measurement results from 1 to 145 GHz for this architecture are reported.Then, the theory of RTPS is presented and CS-CPW-based couplers together with Accumulation-mode MOS (A-MOS), I-MOS and CS-MOS varactors are used for the design of four RTPS. The measurement and simulation results of these RTPS, with central frequencies ranging from 60 to 200 GHz, are presented.Subsequently, the theory and measurement results of the OBT on an integrated 60-GHz RTPS are discussed.Finally, a mm-wave TRL calibration compaction technique is described using machine-learning tools.

Mm-Wave Phase Shifters and Switches

Mm-Wave Phase Shifters and Switches
Author: Ehsan Adabi Firouzjaei
Publisher:
Total Pages: 228
Release: 2010
Genre:
ISBN:

The ever increasing speed of transistors in mainstream silicon-based technologies made the mm-wave domain open to consumer electronic applications. Solutions that previously had to be implemented in advanced compound (III-V) technologies and were limited to high-end systems due to cost purposes, are now entering the market of low-cost consumer electronic products. Emerging mm-wave market contains various applications from extremely high data rate transceivers in Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) devices to automotive radar modules and to point to point links for replacing the fiber connectivity in sparse areas. Chapter one highlights the specific requirements of each application that makes it more compatible with a certain type of technology. To have a complete mm-wave system suitable for low cost applications, a single chip or a single package solution is preferred. To achieve this goal integrated low loss transmit / receive switching structures that are highly linear should be employed. A miniature transformer-based shunt T/R switch is introduced and implemented in a standard 90nm CMOS technology. Design equations and trade-offs for such a structure are described in this thesis. Due to a much higher free space path loss of a 60GHz signal compared to its low frequency counterparts (30dB higher loss than WiFi), and lower performances extractable from devices at these high frequencies, phased antenna array structures should be exploited to add passive antenna gains to the transceiver and help meet the link budget requirement. Fundamentals of phased antenna array structures are described and two different implementations, one through true time delay elements and the other one employing phase shifters are presented. For wideband applications and for very large arrays intended to have a wide field of view, true time delay elements should be employed to steer the array pointing beam. This work investigates true time delay elements, and an inductance tuning technique is introduced which enhances the delay tunability of a synthesized transmission line while keeping its characteristic impedance constant. In most mm-wave applications, delay cells in antenna array structures can be approximated and replaced with phase shifters. Hence different types of phase shifters are studied and an active I-Q interpolating phase shifter in the RF-path is designed and implemented at 60GHz.

An S-Band Reflection-Type Phase Shifter - A Design Example Using Ferroelectrics

An S-Band Reflection-Type Phase Shifter - A Design Example Using Ferroelectrics
Author: Dongsu Kim
Publisher:
Total Pages: 6
Release: 2003
Genre:
ISBN:

One of the challenges faced in using ferroelectrics in high frequency devices is how to effectively use the material in a circuit design. A compact reflection-type phase shifter fabricated on sapphire substrates coated with ferroelectric barium strontium titanate (BST) thin films has been built which shows the promise of using BST thin films in the design of tunable microwave devices. The phase shifter, fabricated as one monolithic assembly, consists of a 3dB coupler, meandered line inductors and tunable interdigital capacitors. A continuously variable phase shift range of more than 100 deg using the branch-line coupler was obtained at a center frequency of 2.95 GHz, and more than 900 deg phase shift over 200 MHz bandwidth with a bias voltage range from 0 V to 175 V. The phase shifter using the Lange coupler has over 700 MHz bandwidth centered at 2.2 GHz with a phase shift of more than 90 deg and an insertion loss less than 2 dB and return loss of greater than 14 dB, over a bias voltage range from 0 V to 160 V. The loss of the BST phase shifter presented in this work is on the order of other commercially available RF front-end components, such as bandpass filters and RF switches. This holds promise for the practical realization of smart antenna systems in cellular handsets and wireless LAN cards.

Principles of RF and Microwave Design

Principles of RF and Microwave Design
Author: Matthew A. Morgan
Publisher: Artech House
Total Pages: 712
Release: 2019-11-30
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1630816515

This comprehensive resource provides a thorough introduction to the principles of electronic circuits operating in the radio, microwave, and millimeter-wave frequency ranges. The book highlights the fundamental physical laws of classical electromagnetics using a foundation of Maxwell’s equations to give insight into the operating principles of circuit elements of all kinds, from lumped elements to transmission lines, waveguides, optical fibers, and quasi-optical structures. Standard passive system components like filters, splitters, couplers, hybrids, baluns, and antennas are explained to acclimate the reader to considering multiple technological solutions for common design problems. A basic overview of active circuit designs, such as amplifiers, mixers, and multipliers is also provided, along with discussion of the performance characteristics of electronic systems, including noise and linearity. Emphasis is placed on visualization and understanding of how and why electronic circuits of all frequencies are built and operate the way they do. Readers learn how to match an amplifier for optimum noise performance over the broadest bandwidth with the fewest number of elements and how to visualize the coupling of various modes in a mixed waveguide-type structure and avoid resonances due to trapped, higher-order modes. The book provides the tools needed to design and optimize a launcher from microstrip into waveguide, and whether the best characteristics can be achieved by incorporating matching elements in the microstrip section, the waveguide section, or both. Packed with references and examples, readers learn not only how to do the math but what the math means.

High-Frequency Integrated Circuits

High-Frequency Integrated Circuits
Author: Sorin Voinigescu
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 921
Release: 2013-02-28
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0521873029

A transistor-level, design-intensive overview of high speed and high frequency monolithic integrated circuits for wireless and broadband systems from 2 GHz to 200 GHz, this comprehensive text covers high-speed, RF, mm-wave, and optical fibre circuits using nanoscale CMOS, SiGe BiCMOS, and III-V technologies. Step-by-step design methodologies, end-of chapter problems, and practical simulation and design projects are provided, making this an ideal resource for senior undergraduate and graduate courses in circuit design. With an emphasis on device-circuit topology interaction and optimization, it gives circuit designers and students alike an in-depth understanding of device structures and process limitations affecting circuit performance.