Dermal Immune System
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| Author | : Kenji Kabashima |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 505 |
| Release | : 2016-03-10 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 4431558551 |
This book reviews the role of each cell subset in the skin, providing the basics for understanding skin immunology and the mechanisms of skin diseases. The skin is one of the immune organs and is continually exposed to foreign antigens and external stimuli that must be monitored and characterized for possible elimination. Upon exposure to foreign antigens, the skin can elicit a variety of immune responses in harmony with skin components that include keratinocytes, dendritic cell subsets, mast cells, basophils, fibroblasts, macrophages, gamma-delta T cells, neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, vascular and lymphatic cells, hair follicles, platelets, and adipose tissues, among others. In the past 10 years, knowledge of immunology has expanded drastically in areas such as innate immunity (Toll-like receptors, C-type lectins), and host defenses to bacteria and viruses, and this increased knowledge has led to the development of more effective treatment of psoriasis and other skin diseases. This book provides updates on the mechanisms of skin diseases including contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, urticaria, drug eruption, bullous diseases, anaphylaxis, graft-versus-host disease, rosacea, lymphoma, photodermatology, and collagen vascular diseases. Understanding the basics of skin immunology will help clinicians and dermatologists use new therapeutics such as biologics efficiently. Serving as an intermediary between basic science and clinical medicine, this book gives readers the opportunity to understand and marvel at the mystery and fascination of skin immunology.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : Cells |
| ISBN | : 9780815332183 |
| Author | : Jacques Banchereau |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 493 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1461519713 |
These Proceedings contain the contributions of the partIcIpants of the Third International Symposium on Dendritic Cells that was held in Annecy, France, from June 19 to June 24, 1994. This symposium represented a follow-up of the first and second international symposia that were held in Japan in 1990 and in the Netherlands in 1992. Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells, and are found in all tissues and organs of the body. They can be classified into: (1) interstitial dendritic cells of the heart, kidney, gut, and lung;(2) Langerhans cells in the skin and mucous membranes; (3) interdigitating dendritic cells in the thymic medulla and secondary lymphoid tissue; and (4) blood dendritic cells and lymph dendritic cells (veiled cells). Although dendritic cells in each of these compartments are all CD45+ leukocytes that arise from the bone marrow, they may exhibit differences that relate to maturation state and microenvironment. Dendritic cells are specialized antigen-presenting cells for T lymphocytes: they process and present antigens efficiently in situ, and stimulate responses from naive and memory T cells in the paracortical area of secondary lymphoid organs. Recent evidence also demonstrates their role in induction of tolerance. By contrast, the primary and secondary B-cell follicles contain follicular dendritic cells that trap and retain intact antigen as immune complexes for long periods of time. The origin of follicular dendritic cells is not clear, but most investigators believe that these cells are not leukocytes.
| Author | : Institute of Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 722 |
| Release | : 1999-05-13 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309173183 |
Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.
| Author | : Gerold Schuler |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 336 |
| Release | : 1990-12-26 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780849356469 |
Epidermal Langerhans Cells focuses on epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) and the important role they play in the induction of contact hypersensitivity and graft rejection. This in-depth work discusses how these antigen-presenting cells are modulated by various physicochemical agents (such as UV light) and how they can be infected by the AIDS virus. It also reveals that cytokines mediate their development into potent T cell-stimulatory dendritic cells. This comprehensive review covers important experimental details and methods, and fascinating information on LCs. It also provides an overview of the immune system as it relates to the skin in health and disease. This up-to-date publication is an indispensable resource for all investigative and clinical dermatologists, as well as immunologists interested in antigen-presenting cells.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 321 |
| Release | : 1993-02-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309048311 |
More than 50 million Americans, one out of five, suffer from hay fever, asthma, and other allergic diseases. Many of these conditions are caused by exposure to allergens in indoor environments such as the house, work, and schoolâ€"where we spend as much as 98 percent of our time. Developed by medical, public health, and engineering professionals working together, this unique volume summarizes what is known about indoor allergens, how they affect human health, the magnitude of their effect on various populations, and how they can be controlled. The book addresses controversies, recommends research directions, and suggests how to assist and educate allergy patients, as well as professionals. Indoor Allergens presents a wealth of information about common indoor allergens and their varying effects, from significant hay fever to life-threatening asthma. The volume discusses sources of allergens, from fungi and dust mites to allergenic chemicals, plants, and animals, and examines practical measures for their control. Indoor Allergens discusses how the human airway and immune system respond to inhaled allergens and assesses patient testing methods, covering the importance of the patient's medical history and outlining procedures and approaches to interpretation for skin tests, in vitro diagnostic tests, and tests of patients' pulmonary function. This comprehensive and practical volume will be important to allergists and other health care providers; public health professionals; specialists in building design, construction, and maintenance; faculty and students in public health; and interested allergy patients.
| Author | : T. Agner |
| Publisher | : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 172 |
| Release | : 2016-02-04 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3318055867 |
Although a very fragile structure, the skin barrier is probably one of the most important organs of the body. Inward/out it is responsible for body integrity and outward/in for keeping microbes, chemicals, and allergens from penetrating the skin. Since the role of barrier integrity in atopic dermatitis and the relationship to filaggrin mutations was discovered a decade ago, research focus has been on the skin barrier, and numerous new publications have become available. This book is an interdisciplinary update offering a wide range of information on the subject. It covers new basic research on skin markers, including results on filaggrin and on methods for the assessment of the barrier function. Biological variation and aspects of skin barrier function restoration are discussed as well. Further sections are dedicated to clinical implications of skin barrier integrity, factors influencing the penetration of the skin, influence of wet work, and guidance for prevention and saving the barrier. Distinguished researchers have contributed to this book, providing a comprehensive and thorough overview of the skin barrier function. Researchers in the field, dermatologists, occupational physicians, and related industry will find this publication an essential source of information.
| Author | : Vladimir V. Klimov |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 393 |
| Release | : 2019-03-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3030033236 |
This book fills a gap at the interface of fundamental and clinical immunology, and allergy. For many years, experts in fundamental immunology and physicians involved in clinical immunology and allergy worked separately – but the fundamental immunologists did not have medical qualifications and the physicians were not involved in the field of fundamental research. Written by a teacher and an expert in both fields, this book combines current knowledge on basic immunology and immunopathology with clinical comments that complete the whole picture. Immunology is a complex science, which requires a simplified approach in order to be taught and understood effectively. This book is based on the authors’ long experience in teaching undergraduate, postgraduate students and interns both basic and clinical immunology. Reviewing a variety of important components related to the immune system, it is clearly and logically structured, and enriched by figures, tables and boxes with important immunology definitions. Each chapter has its own bibliography, and most units include links to electronic quizzes and audio files to accompany readers step by step. This easy-to-follow volume concludes with suggestions for future study. It is a valuable resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as medical practitioners.
| Author | : Jörg Reichrath |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 428 |
| Release | : 2020-09-11 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3030462277 |
The third edition is a comprehensive and updated overview of positive and negative effects of UV-exposure, with a focus on Vitamin D and skin cancer. Researchers, oncologists,and students will be provided with the most significant and timely information related to topics such as the epidemiology of skin cancer, the immune system and skin cancer, ultraviolet damage, DNA repair and Vitamin D in Nonmelanoma skin cancer and malignant melanoma. There have been a number of new, scientific findings in this fast moving field that necessitated a thoroughly updated and revised edition including new Vitamin D metabolites and skin cancer, new findings on the beneficial effects of UV and solar UV and skin cancer, adverse effects of sun protection and sunscreens, sun exposure and mortality, and more. The book will summarize essential, up-to-date information for every clinician or scientist interested in how to balance the positive and negative effects of UV‐exposure to minimize the risks of developing vitamin D deficiency and skin cancer.
| Author | : Robert Ader |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 1263 |
| Release | : 2014-06-28 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1483258904 |
Psychoneuroimmunology, Second Edition presents reports on the relationship between the nervous and immune systems. The book is divided into four sections. The first section details the role of neural structures and neurotransmitter signals in communication with the immune system. It documents the extensive neural connections with organs of the immune system; the dynamics of noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of spleen and thymus; and the evidence for immune signaling of the CNS. Part II elaborates the role of hormones in the modulation of immune functions; the basis for bidirectional communication between the neuroendocrine and immune systems; and the potential physiological implications of these neuroendocrine-immune system interactions. The third part addresses behavioral influences on immune response; the effects of conditioning, stress and social interactions in modulating immune responses; and the behavioral consequences of experimentally altered or genetically determined immunologic states. The final section presents the effects of psychosocial factors on immune responses and the potential impact of behavioral interventions in modulating immunity in healthy human subjects and in patients with AIDS. Neuroscientists, endocrinologists, and immunologists will find the book interesting.
