Derivative Margin Calls: A New Driver of MMF Flows

Derivative Margin Calls: A New Driver of MMF Flows
Author: Maddalena Ghio
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2023-03-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

During the March 2020 market turmoil, euro area money-market funds (MMFs) experienced significant outflows, reaching almost 8% of assets under management. This paper investigates whether the volatility in MMF flows was driven by investors’ liquidity needs related to derivative margin payments. We combine three highly granular unique data sources (EMIR data for derivatives, SHSS data for investor holdings of MMFs and Refinitiv Lipper data for daily MMF flows) to construct a daily fund-level panel dataset spanning from February to April 2020. We estimate the effects of variation margin paid and received by the largest holders of EURdenominated MMFs on flows of these MMFs. The main findings suggest that variation margin payments faced by some investors holding MMFs were an important driver of the flows of EUR-denominated MMFs domiciled in euro area.

The Impact of Derivatives Collateralization on Liquidity Risk: Evidence from the Investment Fund Sector

The Impact of Derivatives Collateralization on Liquidity Risk: Evidence from the Investment Fund Sector
Author: Audrius Jukonis
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 35
Release: 2024-02-09
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

Stricter derivative margin requirements have increased the demand for liquid collateral, but euro area investment funds, which use derivatives extensively, have been reducing their liquid asset holdings. Using transaction-by-transaction derivatives data, we assess whether the current levels of funds’ holdings of cash and other highly liquid assets would be adequate to meet funds’ liquidity needs to cover variation margin calls on derivatives under a range of stress scenarios. The estimates indicate that between 13 percent and 33 percent of euro area funds with sizeable derivatives exposures may not have sufficient liquidity buffers to meet the calls under adverse market shocks. As a result, they are likely to redeem money market fund (MMF) shares, procyclically sell assets, and draw on credit lines, thus amplifying the market dynamics under such stress scenarios. Our findings highlight the importance of further work to assess the potential role of macroprudential policies for nonbanks, particularly regarding liquidity risk in funds.

Themes in Alternative Investments

Themes in Alternative Investments
Author: Shaen Corbet
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 166
Release: 2024-07-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 311075794X

In an era where traditional investment paradigms are being constantly redefined by technological innovation and the global push towards sustainability, Themes in Alternative Investments emerges as a seminal volume designed to guide investors, finance professionals, and scholars through the complex terrain of non-traditional financial vehicles. This volume presents a thorough exploration of the interconnections between cutting-edge technology, dynamic market forces, and the intricate regulatory landscapes shaping the future of finance. With a spotlight on burgeoning investment mediums such as cryptocurrencies, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), private equity, and fine wine, it provides a critical analysis of the burgeoning domain of sustainable finance solutions amidst the digital revolution. The contributors to this volume undertake a meticulous examination of alternative investments, presenting a nuanced narrative that spans from the infamous Tuna Bonds scandal to the high-profile downfalls of Silicon Valley Bank and the FTX exchange. This narrative delves into the profound implications of technological advancements on market infrastructures, scrutinising the shifting contours of financial fraud and the paramount importance of robust regulatory frameworks in upholding market integrity. Themes in Alternative Investments not only dissects the allure and pitfalls of these emergent investment avenues but also casts a critical eye on the role of artificial intelligence in reshaping investment strategies and market operations. The discussion transcends the mere identification of opportunities and challenges, offering a deep dive into the mechanisms by which technology and AI are becoming pivotal in the detection and prevention of market manipulation and fraud. As the landscape of alternative investments expands, driven by investor appetite for innovation and higher yields, this volume serves as an indispensable resource. It equips stakeholders with the analytical tools and insights needed to discern the complexities of these investment strategies, navigate their risks, and harness the potential of financial markets evolving under the influence of digital transformation and sustainability imperatives.

Covered Interest Parity Deviations: Macrofinancial Determinants

Covered Interest Parity Deviations: Macrofinancial Determinants
Author: Mr.Eugenio M Cerutti
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 36
Release: 2019-01-16
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1484395212

For about three decades until the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), Covered Interest Parity (CIP) appeared to hold quite closely—even as a broad macroeconomic relationship applying to daily or weekly data. Not only have CIP deviations significantly increased since the GFC, but potential macrofinancial drivers of the variation in CIP deviations have also become significant. The variation in CIP deviations seems to be associated with multiple factors, not only regulatory changes. Most of these do not display a uniform importance across currency pairs and time, and some are associated with possible temporary considerations (such as asynchronous monetary policy cycles).

Measuring and Managing Liquidity Risk

Measuring and Managing Liquidity Risk
Author: Antonio Castagna
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 600
Release: 2013-09-03
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1119990246

A fully up-to-date, cutting-edge guide to the measurement and management of liquidity risk Written for front and middle office risk management and quantitative practitioners, this book provides the ground-level knowledge, tools, and techniques for effective liquidity risk management. Highly practical, though thoroughly grounded in theory, the book begins with the basics of liquidity risks and, using examples pulled from the recent financial crisis, how they manifest themselves in financial institutions. The book then goes on to look at tools which can be used to measure liquidity risk, discussing risk monitoring and the different models used, notably financial variables models, credit variables models, and behavioural variables models, and then at managing these risks. As well as looking at the tools necessary for effective measurement and management, the book also looks at and discusses current regulation and the implication of new Basel regulations on management procedures and tools.

Managing Elevated Risk

Managing Elevated Risk
Author: Iwan J. Azis
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 129
Release: 2014-12-11
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9812872841

This book discusses the risks and opportunities that arise in Emerging Asia given the context of a new environment in global liquidity and capital flows. It elaborates on the need to ensure financial and overall economic stability in the region through improved financial regulation and other policy measures to minimize the emergent risks. "Managing Elevated Risk: Global Liquidity, Capital Flows, and Macroprudential Policy—An Asian Perspective" also explores the range of policy options that may be deployed to address the impact of global liquidity on domestic financial and socio-economic conditions including income inequality. The book is primarily aimed at policy makers, financial market regulators and supervisory agencies to help them improve national regulatory systems and to promote harmonization of national regulations and practices in line with global standards. Scholars and researchers will also gain important information and knowledge about the overall impacts of changing global liquidity from the book.

Thailand

Thailand
Author: International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 136
Release: 2019-10-07
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1513516485

This Financial System Stability Assessment paper on Thailand highlights that assets of the insurance and mutual fund sectors have doubled as a share of gross domestic product over the last decade, and capital markets are largely on par with regional peers. The report discusses significant slowdown in China and advanced economies, a sharp rise in risk premia, and entrenched low inflation would adversely impact the financial system. Stress tests results suggest that the banking sector is resilient to severe shocks and that systemic and contagion risks stemming from interlinkages are limited. Financial system oversight is generally strong, but the operational independence of supervisory agencies can be strengthened further. The operational independence of supervisory agencies can be strengthened further by reducing the involvement of the Ministry of Finance in prudential issues and ensuring that each agency has full control over decisions that lie within its areas of responsibility.

Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems

Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems
Author: Gilbert M. Masters
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 676
Release: 2005-01-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0471668834

This is a comprehensive textbook for the new trend of distributed power generation systems and renewable energy sources in electric power systems. It covers the complete range of topics from fundamental concepts to major technologies as well as advanced topics for power consumers. An Instructor's Manual presenting detailed solutions to all the problems in the book is available from the Wiley editorial department -- to obtain the manual, send an email to [email protected]