Dental Pulp Stem Cells And Their Response To Applied Forces
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Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering in Dental Sciences
| Author | : Ajaykumar Vishwakarma |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 933 |
| Release | : 2014-11-05 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0123977789 |
Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering in Dental Sciences bridges the gap left by many tissue engineering and stem cell biology titles to highlight the significance of translational research in this field in the medical sciences. It compiles basic developmental biology with keen focus on cell and matrix biology, stem cells with relevance to tissue engineering biomaterials including nanotechnology and current applications in various disciplines of dental sciences; viz., periodontology, endodontics, oral & craniofacial surgery, dental implantology, orthodontics & dentofacial orthopedics, organ engineering and transplant medicine. In addition, it covers research ethics, laws and industrial pitfalls that are of particular importance for the future production of tissue constructs. Tissue Engineering is an interdisciplinary field of biomedical research, which combines life, engineering and materials sciences, to progress the maintenance, repair and replacement of diseased and damaged tissues. This ever-emerging area of research applies an understanding of normal tissue physiology to develop novel biomaterial, acellular and cell-based technologies for clinical and non-clinical applications. As evident in numerous medical disciplines, tissue engineering strategies are now being increasingly developed and evaluated as potential routine therapies for oral and craniofacial tissue repair and regeneration. Diligently covers all the aspects related to stem cell biology and tissue engineering in dental sciences: basic science, research, clinical application and commercialization Provides detailed descriptions of new, modern technologies, fabrication techniques employed in the fields of stem cells, biomaterials and tissue engineering research including details of latest advances in nanotechnology Includes a description of stem cell biology with details focused on oral and craniofacial stem cells and their potential research application throughout medicine Print book is available and black and white, and the ebook is in full color
Dental Pulp Stem Cells
| Author | : Sibel Yildirim |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 89 |
| Release | : 2012-10-15 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 146145686X |
Stem cell technology is moving forward at a tremendous rate. Recent discoveries have surprised even the most expert researchers. While every piece of new data broadens the current knowledge and contributes to this moving forward, the new data also serve as paradigm shifters of fundamental knowledge of cell biology. While the question ‘What is a Stem Cell’ may now seem to basic to even discuss, there are still some discrepancies, however, between groups in terms of their functional roles. Teeth develop from the ectoderm of the first branchial arch and the ectomesenchyme of the neural crest. Deciduous teeth start to form between the sixth and eighth weeks, and permanent teeth begin to form in the twentieth weeks. Several studies have demonstrated that the pulp from both adult teeth and deciduous teeth contains dental pulp stem cells. Several factors have made them very attractive as a model system for many researchers; they are multipotent, ethically and non-controversially available in large numbers, immuno-compatible, developmentally primitive, easy to isolate and have high expansion potential in vitro. However, many controversies still exist in the field. There are several unanswered questions in the biology of dental pulp and odontoblasts. This new volume in the SpringerBriefs in Stem Cells series presents an evaluation of stem cells from human dental pulp as a reliable stem cell source for cell-based therapy to stimulate tissue regeneration.
Mechanobiological Response of Stem Cells Derived from the Periodontal Ligament and Dental Pulp to Compressive Loading
| Author | : Anthony N Khoury |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Among the debilitating disorders associated with the musculoskeletal system, osteoarthritis and osteogenesis are the most prevalent disorders. These diseases are commonplace among people throughout the world and related healthcare options do little to improve on the condition. While the causes are yet to be fully understood, novel approaches involving stem cell treatments are currently being evaluated. The understanding of metabolic, formation, and degradation processes is simply a stepping-stone leading to the formulation of an innovative treatment. The goal of this study was to assess the chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential of stem cells derived from two different cell lines in the teeth. While there is a plethora of available stem cell lines found in the human body, cells from the Periodontal Ligament (PDL) and Dental Pulp were utilized to perform these experiments. Due to the many characteristics shared between teeth and bone it was hypothesized that compressive forces, both dynamic and static, on both cell lines would have a positive differentiation impact. Cells were loaded into 2% Agarose hydrogels and tested at a frequency of 1Hz and 0.1Hz for dynamic compression as well as static compression. A custom designed bioreactor was used to provide the sinusoidal dynamic compression in addition to the static compression. All experiments were performed under 15% strain for two hours a day, for three consecutive days. Samples were quantified using RT-PCR in association with ten genes varying for chondrogenesis or osteogenesis. Results from this study suggested that mechanical loading had a positive impact on the differentiation of cells derived from the PDL and Dental Pulp. Dynamic loading conditions resulted in an increase of up regulation for osteogenic and chondrogenic genes, while static loading had displayed no positive effects.
Dental Stem Cells Culturing for the Future (Penerbit USM)
| Author | : Muhammad Fawwaz Abdullah |
| Publisher | : Penerbit USM |
| Total Pages | : 72 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9838619310 |
The importance of stem cells for various treatment purposes came to be realized after the advent of its prolific research. Stem cells are being popularly harvested from many sources such as embryo and bone marrow. However, harvesting and reaping the beneficial effects of stem cells from dental pulp is still cradling in its infancy. Indeed, there is a dearth of information on the detailed procedure of harvesting the stem cells from the dental pulp. This book is a compendium which highlights on the procedures of harvesting the stem cells from dental pulp and its characterization, with the aim to trigger the interests of the readers who are keen to venture further in this field. Keywords: Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penerbit Universiti Sains Malayia, Penerbit USM
Hydrogels
| Author | : Thakur Raghu Raj Singh |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 289 |
| Release | : 2018-02-28 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1351648276 |
Hydrogels are crosslinked, macromolecular polymeric materials arranged in a three-dimensional network, which can absorb and retain large amounts of water. Hydrogels are commonly used in clinical practice and experimental medicine for a wide range of applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, diagnostics, cellular immobilization, separation of biomolecules or cells, and barrier materials to regulate biological adhesions. This book elucidates the underlying concepts and emerging applications of hydrogels and will provide key case studies and critical analysis of the existing research.
Dental Stem Cells: Regenerative Potential
| Author | : Barbara Zavan |
| Publisher | : Humana Press |
| Total Pages | : 288 |
| Release | : 2016-07-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3319332996 |
This book focuses on the basic aspects of dental stem cells (DSCs) as well as their clinical applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It opens with a discussion of classification, protocols, and properties of DSCs and proceeds to explore DSCs within the contexts of cryopreservation; epigenetics; pulp, periodontal, tooth, bone, and corneal stroma regeneration; neuronal properties, mesenchymal stem cells and biomaterials; and as sources of hepatocytes for liver disease treatment. The fifteen expertly authored chapters comprehensively examine possible applications of DSCs and provide invaluable insights into mechanisms of growth and differentiation. Dental Stem Cells: Regenerative Potential draws from a wealth of international perspectives and is an essential addition to the developing literature on dental stem cells. This installment of Springer’s Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine series is indispensable for biomedical researchers interested in bioengineering, dentistry, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, cell biology and oncology.
Dental Stem Cells
| Author | : Fikrettin Şahin |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 322 |
| Release | : 2016-06-08 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3319289470 |
This book explores Dental Stem Cell (DSC) biology, from a review of basic concepts for cell culture, to isolation, self-renewal, multipotency and differentiation, regulation by molecular medicine, and prospective research areas for regenerative medicine. The first seven chapters delve into basic DSC properties, vital signaling pathways involved in differentiation, pluripotency, iPS cell development from DSCs, and genetic engineering approaches of DSCs in accordance with the current literature. A comprehensive review of possible clinical applications and in vitro/in vivo studies follows, illustrating the future of DSC research for in the tissue engineering field. The text also discusses the political, ethical, social, and legal ramifications of the use of dental stem cells. Expertly authored and drawing from a multitude of international perspectives, Dental Stem Cells is an invaluable addition to Springer’s Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine series. It is essential reading for advanced graduate students, basic researchers, and clinical investigators in the fields of stem cell therapy, biological sciences of dentistry, and regenerative medicine.
Commitment and Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells
| Author | : Chi Lee |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) play an integral role during dentine injury where they migrate towards the injury site, proliferate, differentiate into odontoblast-like cells and secrete a mineralised matrix, protecting the vital pulp tissue and preserving the tooth organ. Dentine matrix proteins (DMP) may have a role in stimulating this reparative dentine formation. Multiple adult stem cells make up the DPSC population. Within this study progenitor cells were isolated from dental pulp by preferential fibronectin adherence (FNA) or using magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) to isolate P75 expressing neural crest cells. Clonally expanded colonies were established. The proliferative FNA and P75-sorted populations were shown to be distinct progenitors with differing morphology and stem cell marker expression. One FNA clonal population was differentiated into mesenchymal lineages that established it as a multipotent DPSC population. Clonal populations were supplemented with DMP in vitro to examine the potential role of DMP in modulating cell behaviour during dentine injury. Supplementing with DMP had a dose dependent response on DPSC viability, increased cell numbers,reduced apoptosis and promoted cell migration, suggesting that the growth factors in DMP may have a positive synergistic effect on DPSC behaviour. Fluorescently stained DPSCs were microinjected into transverse tooth slices and placed in culture to develop an ex vivo model to study DPSC behaviour in a tooth environment. Injected cells remained viable after 7 days of culture, providing proof of concept data that DPSCs can be localised for study in situ. This thesis was successful in the isolation of clonal populations representing progenitor cells with different characteristics. Supplementing DPSCs with DMP promoted cell behaviour facilitating reparative dentinogenesis, indicating a potential clinical application for DMP in restorative therapy. The study of DPSCs using the ex vivo model will be important in further development of these novel therapies for dental tissue regeneration.
Clinical Approaches in Endodontic Regeneration
| Author | : Henry F. Duncan |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 194 |
| Release | : 2018-11-01 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3319968483 |
This richly illustrated book combines explanation of the scientific base underpinning vital pulp treatment with description of current and emerging trends in clinical practice. It guides the reader through modern views on pulp diagnostics, deep caries, and pulp exposure management, leading to an analysis of the biological aspects of regenerative techniques such as angiogenesis, neurogenesis, inflammation, and epigenetics. In the later chapters, practical considerations relating to bioengineering, biomaterial choice, revitalization, and stem cell-based procedures are discussed and their likely therapeutic impact considered. Aimed at dental students, postgraduates, and research-minded dental practitioners, this translational book summarizes state-of-the-art scientific knowledge on dentin–pulp interactions and regenerative endodontics, while highlighting the opportunities to incorporate recent developments into everyday practice. Readers will also find extensive discussion of potential future developments and research avenues relating to each aspect of this exciting and rapidly developing field.
