Density Variations In The Thermosphere And Lower Exosphere During Geomagnetic Disturbances
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Variations in Exospheric Density During 1967-8, as Revealed by Echo 2
Author | : G. E. Cook |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 26 |
Release | : 1969 |
Genre | : Atmospheric density |
ISBN | : |
Values of atmospheric density at heights near 1000 km have been obtained from the orbit of Echo 2 during 1967 and 1968. The results clearly show the existence in the exosphere of 27-day variations associated with the rotation of the sun and also correlation with geomagnetic disturbances. The semi-annual variation in the exosphere is again apparent, and has now been traced from before solar minimum in 1964 up to and probably past the current solar maximum; the magnitude of the semi-annual density variation shows no definite dependence on the level of solar activity. The irregular year-to-year variations in the effect are similar to those at lower heights, being large at all heights at the same time. The variation in the exosphere exceeds the magnitude expected on the basis of variations at lower heights at dates before July 1966 and after April 1968, but is of the expected magnitude between these dates. (Author).
Lower Thermosphere Density Variations in the Southern Hemisphere
Author | : F. A. Marcos |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 23 |
Release | : 1972 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Profiles of the neutral atmospheric density have been obtained at high and middle latitudes in the southern hemisphere from OV1-15 (SPACES) satellite accelerometer measurements. The data were obtained during a geomagnetically quiet period near the equinox, 24-28 September 1968, when the satellite was in a nearly down-dusk orbit. Perigee moved from 50 degrees S to 65 degrees S during this period. Measurements were made in the altitude range 170-250 km. Density values at dusk at high latitudes (before perigee) are less than those at midlatitudes (after perigee). The average difference between the high latitude and midlatitude data is 15 percent. A longitudinal variation is superimposed on the latitudinal gradients. Enhanced densities at high southern latitudes are found at longitudes near the south geomagnetic pole. (Author).
Spectrum of Hydromagnetic Waves in the Exosphere
Author | : Gordon J. F. MacDonald |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 72 |
Release | : 1962 |
Genre | : Exosphere |
ISBN | : |
A disturbance in the exosphere generates waves in three partially separable modes. These modes are described by considering the vorticity about a line of force, the two-dimensional divergence of velocity in the plane perpendicular to the line of force, and the component of velocity along the line of force. The propagation of vorticity is one-dimensional and there is no geometrical attenuation; energy is lost only through the finite conductivity of the medium. The propagation of the longitudinal velocity component is almost one-dimensional but is heavily damped at high frequencies. In a gravitational field, the medium is no longer uniform and at low frequencies the modes are coupled in a complicated way. For parallel magnetic and gravitational fields, the vorticity mode is still separable and gravity leads to anisotropic dispersion in the other modes.
Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Solar System
Author | : Charles R. Chappell |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 414 |
Release | : 2016-10-31 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1119066778 |
Over a half century of exploration of the Earth’s space environment, it has become evident that the interaction between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere plays a dominant role in the evolution and dynamics of magnetospheric plasmas and fields. Interestingly, it was recently discovered that this same interaction is of fundamental importance at other planets and moons throughout the solar system. Based on papers presented at an interdisciplinary AGU Chapman Conference at Yosemite National Park in February 2014, this volume provides an intellectual and visual journey through our exploration and discovery of the paradigm-changing role that the ionosphere plays in determining the filling and dynamics of Earth and planetary environments. The 2014 Chapman conference marks the 40th anniversary of the initial magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling conference at Yosemite in 1974, and thus gives a four decade perspective of the progress of space science research in understanding these fundamental coupling processes. Digital video links to an online archive containing both the 1974 and 2014 meetings are presented throughout this volume for use as an historical resource by the international heliophysics and planetary science communities. Topics covered in this volume include: Ionosphere as a source of magnetospheric plasma Effects of the low energy ionospheric plasma on the stability and creation of the more energetic plasmas The unified global modeling of the ionosphere and magnetosphere at the Earth and other planets New knowledge of these coupled interactions for heliophysicists and planetary scientists, with a cross-disciplinary approach involving advanced measurement and modeling techniques Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Solar System is a valuable resource for researchers in the fields of space and planetary science, atmospheric science, space physics, astronomy, and geophysics. Read an interview with the editors to find out more: https://eos.org/editors-vox/filling-earths-space-environment-from-the-sun-or-the-earth
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 688 |
Release | : 1984 |
Genre | : Aeronautics |
ISBN | : |
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Density Variations in the Lower Thermosphere
Author | : William F. Johnson |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 174 |
Release | : 1974 |
Genre | : Atmospheric density |
ISBN | : |
The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars
Author | : Robert M. Haberle |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 613 |
Release | : 2017-06-29 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 110817938X |
Humanity has long been fascinated by the planet Mars. Was its climate ever conducive to life? What is the atmosphere like today and why did it change so dramatically over time? Eleven spacecraft have successfully flown to Mars since the Viking mission of the 1970s and early 1980s. These orbiters, landers and rovers have generated vast amounts of data that now span a Martian decade (roughly eighteen years). This new volume brings together the many new ideas about the atmosphere and climate system that have emerged, including the complex interplay of the volatile and dust cycles, the atmosphere-surface interactions that connect them over time, and the diversity of the planet's environment and its complex history. Including tutorials and explanations of complicated ideas, students, researchers and non-specialists alike are able to use this resource to gain a thorough and up-to-date understanding of this most Earth-like of planetary neighbours.
Comparative Aeronomy
Author | : Andrew F. Nagy |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 451 |
Release | : 2008-12-31 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0387878254 |
Andrew F. Nagy Originally published in the journal Space Science Reviews, Volume 139, Nos 1–4. DOI: 10. 1007/s11214-008-9353-0 © Springer Science+Business Media B. V. 2008 Keywords Aeronomy The term “aeronomy” has been used widely for many decades, but its origin has mostly been lost over the years. It was introduced by Sydney Chapman in a Letter to the Editor, entitled “Some Thoughts on Nomenclature”, in Nature in 1946 (Chapman 1946). In that letter he suggested that aeronomy should replace meteorology, writing that the word “meteor is now irrelevant and misleading”. This proposal was apparently not received with much support so in a short note in Weather in 1953 Chapman (1953)wrote: “If, despite its obvious convenience of brevity in itself and its derivatives, it does not commend itself to aeronomers, I think there is a case for modifying my proposal so that instead of the word being used to signify the study of the atmosphere in general, it should be adopted with the restricted sense of the science of the upper atmosphere, for which there is no convenient short word. ” In a chapter, he wrote in a 1960 book (Chapman 1960), he give his nal and de nitive de nition, by stating that “Aeronomy is the science of the upper region of the atmosphere, where dissociation and ionization are important”. The Workshop on “Comparative Aeronomy” was held at ISSI during the week of June 25–29, 2007.