Organ Donation

Organ Donation
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 358
Release: 2006-08-24
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309164648

Rates of organ donation lag far behind the increasing need. At the start of 2006, more than 90,000 people were waiting to receive a solid organ (kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, heart, or intestine). Organ Donation examines a wide range of proposals to increase organ donation, including policies that presume consent for donation as well as the use of financial incentives such as direct payments, coverage of funeral expenses, and charitable contributions. This book urges federal agencies, nonprofit groups, and others to boost opportunities for people to record their decisions to donate, strengthen efforts to educate the public about the benefits of organ donation, and continue to improve donation systems. Organ Donation also supports initiatives to increase donations from people whose deaths are the result of irreversible cardiac failure. This book emphasizes that all members of society have a stake in an adequate supply of organs for patients in need, because each individual is a potential recipient as well as a potential donor.

Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation

Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 173
Release: 2000-04-19
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309183553

In 1997, the Institute of Medicine published a report entitled Non-Heart- Beating Organ Transplantation: Medical and Ethical Issues in Procurement. The findings and recommendations of that study defined the ethical and scientific basis for non-heart-beating organ donation and transplantation, and provided specific recommendations for practices that affirm patient welfare, promote patient and family choice, and avoid conflicts of interest. Following the 1997 study, the Department of Health and Human Services requested a follow up study to promote such efforts. The central activity for this study was a workshop held in Washington, D.C., on May 24-25, 1999. The workshop provided the opportunity for extensive dialogue on non-heart-beating organ donation among hospitals and organ procurement organizations (OPOs) that are actively involved in non-heartbeating organ and tissue donation and those with concerns about whether and how to proceed. The findings and recommendations of this report are based in large measure on the discussions and insights from that workshop. Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation includes seven recommendations for developing and implementing non-heart-beating-donor protocols. These recommendations were based on the findings and recommendations from the 1997 IOM report and consensus achieved among participants at the national workshop. The committee developed these recommendations as steps towards an approach to non-heart-beating-donor organ donation and procurement consistent with underlying scientific and ethical guidelines, patient and family options and choices, and public trust in organ donation.

Organ Donation

Organ Donation
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 359
Release: 2006-09-24
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 030910114X

Rates of organ donation lag far behind the increasing need. At the start of 2006, more than 90,000 people were waiting to receive a solid organ (kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, heart, or intestine). Organ Donation examines a wide range of proposals to increase organ donation, including policies that presume consent for donation as well as the use of financial incentives such as direct payments, coverage of funeral expenses, and charitable contributions. This book urges federal agencies, nonprofit groups, and others to boost opportunities for people to record their decisions to donate, strengthen efforts to educate the public about the benefits of organ donation, and continue to improve donation systems. Organ Donation also supports initiatives to increase donations from people whose deaths are the result of irreversible cardiac failure. This book emphasizes that all members of society have a stake in an adequate supply of organs for patients in need, because each individual is a potential recipient as well as a potential donor.

The Science of Giving

The Science of Giving
Author: Daniel M. Oppenheimer
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 470
Release: 2011-01-19
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1135234027

Americans donate over 300 billion dollars a year to charity, but the psychological factors that govern whether to give, and how much to give, are still not well understood. Our understanding of charitable giving is based primarily upon the intuitions of fundraisers or correlational data which cannot establish causal relationships. By contrast, the chapters in this book study charity using experimental methods in which the variables of interest are experimentally manipulated. As a result, it becomes possible to identify the causal factors that underlie giving, and to design effective intervention programs that can help increase the likelihood and amount that people contribute to a cause. For charitable organizations, this book examines the efficacy of fundraising strategies commonly used by nonprofits and makes concrete recommendations about how to make capital campaigns more efficient and effective. Moreover, a number of novel factors that influence giving are identified and explored, opening the door to exciting new avenues in fundraising. For researchers, this book breaks novel theoretical ground in our understanding of how charitable decisions are made. While the chapters focus on applications to charity, the emotional, social, and cognitive mechanisms explored herein all have more general implications for the study of psychology and behavioral economics. This book highlights some of the most intriguing, surprising, and enlightening experimental studies on the topic of donation behavior, opening up exciting pathways to cross-cutting the divide between theory and practice.

Organ donation. Does a decision for a donation make sense?

Organ donation. Does a decision for a donation make sense?
Author:
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 17
Release: 2018-02-26
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3668646619

Pre-University Paper from the year 2016 in the subject Medicine - Other, grade: 10 Punkte, , language: English, abstract: The life-saving organ transplant can be allowed to seriously ill patients by a post mortal organ donation, so the transference of functioning organs and tissue of a dead to an another person. An organ donation is the basic condition for a transplant. Condition of the organ donation is the approval of the donator while still alive that in case of a death organs may be taken. Today by transplantations it’s possible to save the life of the patients with organ failure or in improving quality of life decisively. The aim of such an operation is to restore the function of own organs from the sick people with the help of the taken organs from other people. The following organs can be successfully transplanted: kidneys, liver, lungs, heart, pancreas and intestines. Hands and faces were added to the transplantation list in 2014. Not only organs but also tissue can be donated. Referring to the tissues, they let transplant themselves including the skin, the hard skin from the eyes, the heart valves and parts of the blood vessels and the cartilage-tissue. The body tissue is applicable due to its diversity for the treatment of different injuries, as for example a serious incineration. Generally the post mortal tissue donations are not transplanted directly after the withdrawal, but are cleaned and preserved in special tissue banks. For particular organs, such as the kidney or a part of the liver, a living donation is considered under certain circumstances. Nevertheless, the postmortal organ donation has priority before the living donation.

Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation

Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 173
Release: 2000-05-19
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309066417

In 1997, the Institute of Medicine published a report entitled Non-Heart- Beating Organ Transplantation: Medical and Ethical Issues in Procurement. The findings and recommendations of that study defined the ethical and scientific basis for non-heart-beating organ donation and transplantation, and provided specific recommendations for practices that affirm patient welfare, promote patient and family choice, and avoid conflicts of interest. Following the 1997 study, the Department of Health and Human Services requested a follow up study to promote such efforts. The central activity for this study was a workshop held in Washington, D.C., on May 24-25, 1999. The workshop provided the opportunity for extensive dialogue on non-heart-beating organ donation among hospitals and organ procurement organizations (OPOs) that are actively involved in non-heartbeating organ and tissue donation and those with concerns about whether and how to proceed. The findings and recommendations of this report are based in large measure on the discussions and insights from that workshop. Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation includes seven recommendations for developing and implementing non-heart-beating-donor protocols. These recommendations were based on the findings and recommendations from the 1997 IOM report and consensus achieved among participants at the national workshop. The committee developed these recommendations as steps towards an approach to non-heart-beating-donor organ donation and procurement consistent with underlying scientific and ethical guidelines, patient and family options and choices, and public trust in organ donation.

Understanding Organ Donation

Understanding Organ Donation
Author: Jason T. Siegel
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 392
Release: 2009-12-15
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 9781444317466

This highly important book introduces the realm of organ donation,providing an overview of the current situation, highlighting thechallenges, summarizing past research, and providing guidancefor future research. The first book to bridge the gap between applied research andthe social and behavioral issues surrounding organ donation An impressive collection of contributors from a range of bothpractitioners and scientists actively working in the field Provides a concrete example of how evidence-based research andtheory can be applied with real-world value Explores future directions of organ donation and researchincluding community-based health interventions, ethicalconsiderations, and advancing donor registration The latest publication in the prestigious Claremont AppliedSocial Psychology Series

Experimental Approaches to the Study of Charity

Experimental Approaches to the Study of Charity
Author: Daniel M. Oppenheimer
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 275
Release: 2011-01-19
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1135234035

Americans donate over 300 billion dollars a year to charity, but the psychological factors that govern whether to give, and how much to give, are still not well understood. Our understanding of charitable giving is based primarily upon the intuitions of fundraisers or correlational data which cannot establish causal relationships. By contrast, the chapters in this book study charity using experimental methods in which the variables of interest are experimentally manipulated. As a result, it becomes possible to identify the causal factors that underlie giving, and to design effective intervention programs that can help increase the likelihood and amount that people contribute to a cause. For charitable organizations, this book examines the efficacy of fundraising strategies commonly used by nonprofits and makes concrete recommendations about how to make capital campaigns more efficient and effective. Moreover, a number of novel factors that influence giving are identified and explored, opening the door to exciting new avenues in fundraising. For researchers, this book breaks novel theoretical ground in our understanding of how charitable decisions are made. While the chapters focus on applications to charity, the emotional, social, and cognitive mechanisms explored herein all have more general implications for the study of psychology and behavioral economics. This book highlights some of the most intriguing, surprising, and enlightening experimental studies on the topic of donation behavior, opening up exciting pathways to cross-cutting the divide between theory and practice.