Cyprus: 2022 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Cyprus

Cyprus: 2022 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Cyprus
Author: International Monetary
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 79
Release: 2022-06
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

Cyprus is highly exposed to the fallout from the war in Ukraine through trade with Russia. This new challenge comes against the background of the lingering effects of the pandemic and financial vulnerabilities dating from the 2012–13 crisis. Growth is projected to slow from 51⁄2 percent in 2021 to around 2 percent this year. Recovery will regain momentum in 2023, and is projected to continue in the medium term, supported by investments and structural reforms in the Recovery and Resilience Plan.

Greece: 2022 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Greece

Greece: 2022 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Greece
Author: International Monetary
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 82
Release: 2022-06-21
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

Greece has weathered the pandemic well, with a considerably stronger-than-expected recovery. Reforms progressed in several areas, including digitalization, privatization, improving the fiscal policy mix, and bank balance sheet repair. Greece finalized its early repayment to the IMF on April 4 and is expected to graduate from the quarterly European Institutions’ Enhanced Surveillance framework on schedule by August 2022. Despite the adverse impact of the war in Ukraine, growth is projected to remain robust at 3.5 percent this year. High energy prices are expected to push up average inflation to 6.1 percent. Public debt is on a downward trajectory and rollover risks appear manageable. The external position last year was moderately weaker than that consistent with fundamentals and desirable policies.

Cyprus

Cyprus
Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 79
Release: 2024-05-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

Growth moderated in 2023 with slowing consumption growth, lower services exports to Russia, and fading post-pandemic base effects. But growth has remained above the euro area (EA) average, supported by a continued recovery in tourism, expanding financial services and ICT activity, and strong investments. The labor markets are tight, with unemployment at a near two-decade low. Headline inflation dipped below 2 percent, but core inflation has been more persistent. Growth is expected to stabilize in 2024 and rise to 3 percent in the medium term.

Cyprus

Cyprus
Author: Statistical Office of the European Communities
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 80
Release: 2017-12-14
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1484332768

This 2017 Article IV Consultation highlights that the Cypriot economy has achieved an impressive turnaround since the 2012–13 banking crisis. GDP growth has been accelerating for three consecutive years on strong foreign demand. Rising labor demand has sharply lowered the unemployment rate to 10.3 percent as of September 2017. Emergency liquidity assistance to banks has been fully repaid. Gains in cost competitiveness and strong foreign demand have narrowed the underlying current account deficit (excluding large one-off imports). The current strong growth momentum is expected to persist for the next several years, underpinned by ongoing large construction projects and weak payment discipline.

The Golden Passport

The Golden Passport
Author: Kristin Surak
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 337
Release: 2023
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0674248643

"The Golden Passport is the first on-the-ground investigation of "investor citizenship." Some 50,000 people annually pay cash for citizenship in various microstates desperate for investment. Kristin Surak uncovers the surprising motivations of the buyers, the effects on seller-state locals, and the geopolitical dynamics driving the industry"--

Republic of Poland: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Poland

Republic of Poland: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Poland
Author: International Monetary
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 92
Release: 2022-02-24
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

The Polish economy has rebounded strongly, with policy actions limiting the damage from the pandemic-induced recession by supporting employment and avoiding unnecessary bankruptcies. While the pandemic continues to take a toll on lives, the economy has been less impacted by successive waves of the pandemic.

People’s Republic of China: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the People’s Republic of China

People’s Republic of China: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the People’s Republic of China
Author: International Monetary
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 134
Release: 2022-01-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

China’s recovery is well advanced—but it lacks balance and momentum has slowed, reflecting the rapid withdrawal of fiscal support, lagging consumption amid recurrent COVID-19 outbreaks despite a successful vaccination campaign, and slowing real estate investment following policy efforts to reduce leverage in the property sector. Regulatory measures targeting the technology sector, intended to enhance competition, consumer privacy, and data governance, have increased policy uncertainty. China’s climate strategy has begun to take shape with the release of detailed action plans. Productivity growth is declining as decoupling pressures are increasing, while a stalling of key structural reforms and rebalancing are delaying the transition to “high-quality”—balanced, inclusive and green—growth.

Greece

Greece
Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 83
Release: 2019-11-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1513520210

This 2019 Article IV Consultation with Greece discusses that public debt is projected to trend down over the next decade, though long-term sustainability is not assured under realistic macro-fiscal assumptions. Still-weak bank balance sheets act as a drag on growth prospects and pose significant fiscal and financial stability risks. These and other factors leave Greece vulnerable to a range of external and domestic shocks. Greece’s prospects for improved living standards and economic convergence within the Euro Area (EA) depend on implementing a critical mass of inter-related fiscal, financial, and structural policy reforms. In order to achieve better growth and social outcomes, the fiscal policy mix should be improved, with more emphasis on investment and targeted social spending and lower direct taxes, backed by reforms in revenue administration and public financial management. Greece’s success within the currency union critically hinges on narrowing its structural competitiveness gap. Policies should focus on productivity enhancement through improved labor market flexibility, more effective labor activation policies, stronger institutions, and business deregulation.

Bulgaria

Bulgaria
Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 55
Release: 2024-06-13
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

For two years in 2021–23, a political stalemate hampered policymaking as Bulgaria needed to stir the exit from the pandemic, cope with the global inflation shock and the fallout of Russia’s war in Ukraine, secure its energy supply, implement reforms to unlock EU Funds, and prepare for euro adoption. The government formed in June 2023 prioritized euro and Schengen areas accession, NGEU funds delivery, and judicial reforms. It fell in March 2024, increasing the risk of delays in key policy decisions. Despite the succession of international and domestic shocks, the economy showed resilience and can achieve a soft landing if inflation decelerates towards 2 percent as expected under the baseline. Moreover, longstanding intertwined challenges remain: convergence toward EU average income is lagging peers, investment is low, perception of corruption is large, inequality is high, poverty is widespread, the population is shrinking, and the growth model still relies largely on brown energy.

Negotiating the New Normal

Negotiating the New Normal
Author: Saurav Jha
Publisher: Hachette India
Total Pages: 367
Release: 2023-08-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9350096048

" The world economy was still reeling from the Global Financial Crisis of 2008 when the COVID-19 pandemic struck like a bolt of lightning in late 2019. Whatever remained of the neoliberal credo - based on the salience of free markets - was upended, and economic nationalism fast became the new stock ideology. In Negotiating the New Normal, Saurav Jha carefully examines why, in the wake of the coronavirus shock, strong economic recovery in the developed world is more doubtful than ever. Instead of throwing its weight behind a multipolar world order, China, by far the largest economy among the BRICS nations, has chosen to create a Pax Sinica. However, it is unlikely to make much headway owing to both internal economic contradictions and pushback from the West and beyond. And what of India? Can it become a 'new China' to serve as a key engine of global growth, overcoming the pandemic-induced setback, as well as earlier policy missteps like demonetization? Answering all these questions and raising many more, Jha's deeply researched and cogently argued account examines the 'new normal' of a transactional, even predatory geoeconomic climate where central banks are fast running out of answers and heavily indebted governments are desperately searching for silver bullets. This work of extraordinary depth and ambition, tracing the destinies of the major economic centres of the world, provides a nuanced if sobering context to the reader as it suggests what India must do to rise in this grave new pandemic-ridden world. "