Crop Insurance schemes in India: Special reference to Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)

Crop Insurance schemes in India: Special reference to Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)
Author: Veerabhadrappa Bellundagi
Publisher: Amazon Publishers, USA
Total Pages:
Release:
Genre: Reference
ISBN:

India is an agrarian country, where half of the working population is engaged in agriculture and allied activities, for their livelihood, contributing 15.30 per cent to the country’s GDP in 2015-16. Insurance is a tool, inverse of game theory where losses suffered by few are covered from funds accumulated through small contributions made by many who are exposed to similar risk. The question of introduction of crop insurance in India was taken up for examination soon after independence in 1947. A special study to work out modalities of crop insurance was commissioned in 1947-48. World scenarioA wide range of agricultural insurance schemes based on different approaches exist in the world. The USA is currently the only country where revenue and income insurance exists. Revenue insurance is very important in USA, the 73 per cent of the premiums collected are coming from these types of insurance. In Japan there is a whole-farm insurance which covers against all climatic hazards for all crops on the farm. The Canadian system is mainly led by public insurance agencies, from the provincial governments. Indian scenarioIn 1972-73, the Department of Life Insurance Corporation of India introduced a Crop Insurance Scheme on H-4 cotton. Later many crop insurance schemes were implemented in India. At present, Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) was introduced. PMFBY is a crop insurance scheme launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi led NDA Government. The scheme has been launched to cater the financial needs of the farmers in the event of crops destroyed by heavy rain, other natural calamities, pests or diseases. The scheme was implemented with a budget of Rs. 17,600 crore.The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana is new scheme implemented on 1st April, 2016. The scheme is expected to replace the existing schemes like National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) and Modified NAIS (MNAIS). The scheme was introduced with a slogan of ‘minimum premium’, ‘maximum insurance’ for farmers. Premium is only one point five per cent for rabi crops, two per cent for kharif crops and five per cent for commercial and horticultural crops.

Revitalizing Indian Agriculture and Boosting Farmer Incomes

Revitalizing Indian Agriculture and Boosting Farmer Incomes
Author: Ashok Gulati
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 386
Release: 2021-03-05
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9811593353

This open access book provides an evidence-based roadmap for revitalising Indian agriculture while ensuring that the growth process is efficient, inclusive, and sustainable, and results in sustained growth of farmers’ incomes. The book, instead of looking for global best practices and evaluating them to assess the possibility of replicating these domestically, looks inward at the best practices and experiences within Indian states, to answer questions such as -- how the agricultural growth process can be speeded up and made more inclusive, and financially viable; are there any best practices that can be studied and replicated to bring about faster growth in agriculture; does the prior hypothesis that rapid agricultural growth can alleviate poverty faster, reduce malnutrition, and augment farmers’ incomes stand? To answer these questions, the book follows four broad threads -- i) Linkage between agricultural performance, poverty and malnutrition; ii) Analysing the historical growth performance of agricultural sector in selected Indian states; iii) Will higher agricultural GDP necessarily result in higher incomes for farmers; iv) Analysing the current agricultural policy environment to evaluate its efficiency and efficacy, and consolidate all analysis to create a roadmap. These are discussed in 12 chapters, which provide a building block for the concluding chapter that presents a roadmap for revitalising Indian agriculture while ensuring growth in farmers’ incomes.

Crop Insurance in Karnataka

Crop Insurance in Karnataka
Author: Vijay Kalavakonda
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 37
Release: 2005
Genre: Crop insurance
ISBN:

The authors examine the performance of the crop insurance scheme in Karnataka, a southern state of India and the second driest state in the country. Their analysis highlights weaknesses in product design, implementation challenges, and operational problems. The authors' finding is that the crop insurance scheme in its current form does not achieve its objectives, either explicit (risk management) or implicit (safety net and containment of both the central and state governments' contingent liability). The crop insurance scheme performs poorly both in terms of coverage (number of hectares insured and number of farmers purchasing insurance) and financial performance. The authors provide a framework for designing a crop insurance scheme based on the premise that insurance is a cost effective risk management techniques. They also provide some new ideas and thinking toward both improving the existing crop insurance scheme and exploring alternatives to the current product, based on an area-yield approach.

Pricing of Ecosystem Services in Agriculture: A Basis of Crop Insurance

Pricing of Ecosystem Services in Agriculture: A Basis of Crop Insurance
Author: Pratap Bhattacharyya
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 159
Release: 2022-10-13
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9811944164

The book deals with the pricing of ecosystem services provided by agriculture. All provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural services are being covered in this title. Chapters in this contributed volume cover topics such as pricing of services from the soil, water, and nutrient management. Quantified monetary values of carbon sequestration and renewable energy applications in agriculture are covered with clear-cut methodologies. This book also links ecosystem service-based pricing with crop insurance. Improving the farmers’ livelihood is the central goal of the agricultural production system throughout the world. Under the climate change context, farms’ produce is now climate-vulnerable and heavily dependent on weather conditions. Moreover, we often neglect the contribution of several positive impacts of agricultural practices on ecosystems and natural resources. Therefore, there is a need to quantify and value these ecosystem services in agriculture. However, valuation and pricing the services in agriculture both tangible and intangible is a challenge. It is necessary to have clear-cut methodologies for pricing ecosystem services of agriculture in terms of net monetary benefits. The ecosystem service-based pricing could be a solid basis for calculating the insurance to farmers in case of occurrence of natural hazard and associated crop damage. This book is of interest to scholars, teachers, researchers, environmental scientists, watershed managers, capacity builders, and policymakers. The book also serves as effective reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture economics, ecology, agronomy, and environmental sciences. National and international agricultural scientists, policymakers will also find this to be useful.

Agricultural Value Chains in India

Agricultural Value Chains in India
Author: Ashok Gulati
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 324
Release: 2022-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9813342684

This open access book provides a clear holistic conceptual framework of CISS-F (competitiveness, inclusiveness, sustainability, scalability and access to finance) to analyse the efficiency of value chains of high value agricultural commodities in India. It is based on the understanding that agriculture is an integrated system that connects farming with logistics, processing and marketing. Farmer’s welfare being central to any agricultural policy makes it very pertinent to study how a value chain works and can be strengthened further to realize this policy goal. This book adds value to the existing research by studying the value chains end-to-end across a wide spectrum of agricultural commodities with the holistic lens of CISS-F. It is not enough that a value chain is competitive but not inclusive or it is competitive and inclusive but not sustainable. The issue of scalability is very critical to achieve macro gains in terms of greater farmer outreach and sectoral growth. The research undertaken here brings out some very useful insights for policymaking in terms of what needs to be done better to steer the agricultural value chains towards being more competitive, inclusive, sustainable and scalable. The value chain specific research findings help draw very nuanced policy recommendations as well as present a big picture of the future direction of policy making in agriculture.

When implementation goes wrong: Lessons from crop insurance in India

When implementation goes wrong: Lessons from crop insurance in India
Author: Nirmal, Rajalakshmi
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Total Pages: 27
Release: 2021-04-06
Genre: Political Science
ISBN:

Based on experiments to bring about comprehensive crop insurance coverage over the last 50 years, the Indian government introduced a new crop insurance program, called Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), in April 2016. Coming after two successive years of drought, the scheme aimed at reducing the burden of smallholders who borrow at high rates of interest but remain at the mercy of the “weather god” to reap optimal returns. Although this new program filled many gaps in the previous crop insurance interventions, it still could not attract smallholder and marginal farmers to fully subscribe to it. It also faced its own set of challenges. It earned farmers’ wrath because of lack of transparency in crop loss assessments and delayed settlement of claims. The government of India had to make the program voluntary under pressure from farmers’ associations, although it was designed as mandatory for famers seeking institutional credit. This paper’s focus is identifying the reasons for failure of PMFBY in most of the states despite its improved features, and comparing these states with a state where it has been relatively successful. It does this through evidence collected from a field study in Marathwada—a drought-prone region in western India, with the nation’s highest rate of farmer suicides. It takes learnings from stakeholder interviews in Marathwada to design implementation strategies for PMFBY’s success and win back the confidence of farmers. The state of Karnataka, in contrast to Marathwada, is an outlier among states in India, with a record of successful implementation of the PMFBY program. This paper studies PMFBY program implementation in Karnataka through a positive deviance case study approach. Though Karnataka hasn’t yet seen full success in terms of penetration achieved in crop insurance, its model can help develop best practices for implementation of PMFBY. The paper argues that getting buy-in from all stakeholders, adopting remote sensing technologies, strengthening infrastructure and institutional capacity, conducting outcome evaluation, and putting in place a monitoring system could be effective mechanisms to mainstream the program among smallholder farmers.

INDIA 2022

INDIA 2022
Author: Publications Division
Publisher: Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting
Total Pages: 1188
Release:
Genre: Reference
ISBN: 9354094791

This is a Reference Annual, a yearbook carrying all the information of central government schemes, programmes and policies. Information of States and UTs is also included in the Reference Book.

Is there a market for multi-peril crop insurance in developing countries moving beyond subsidies? Evidence from India

Is there a market for multi-peril crop insurance in developing countries moving beyond subsidies? Evidence from India
Author: Ghosh, Ranjan Kumar
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Total Pages: 43
Release: 2019-03-29
Genre: Political Science
ISBN:

Researchers and policymakers have long understood the benefits of crop insurance but have been consistently disappointed by the poor performance of these programs. Rarely have programs seen sizeable take-up rates without support through large government subsidies, and in many countries, demand has been meager even at prices well below fair-market rates. Experiences from India have largely followed this trend, despite a number of large policy initiatives. Limited demand stems from low perceived value, arguably because the existing insurance products are unsuited to farmers’ needs. The present study fills an important gap in rural development by improving upon existing insurance policy design by incorporating product characteristics better suited to farmers’ preferences. To do so, we conducted a discrete choice experiment with agricultural households in four states in India. While farmers seem to like several of the features of policies offered under existing programs, our results suggest they would generally be willing to pay more than the highly subsidized rate they currently pay and are also clearly dissatisfied with delayed and uncertain indemnity payments and would be willing to pay a significant premium for more assured and timely payment delivery.

Resilience and Transformation for Global Restructuring

Resilience and Transformation for Global Restructuring
Author: Manju Singh
Publisher: Ethics International Press
Total Pages: 443
Release: 2023-11-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1871891604

The themes covered in Resilience and Transformation for Global Restructuring will include Technology, Creativity and Innovation, Post COVID-19 opportunities and challenges, Development for a Sustainable World, Cross-Cultural Dimensions of well-being, Gender Inequality, and Intersectionality. This Edited Collection draws from selected papers from the 2022 International Conference on Resilience and Transformation for Global Restructuring, which addresses many of the challenges in a post-pandemic world.