A literature survey was conducted to study the criterion for the utilization of refractory materials for thermal protection of launch facilities. Sources were surveyed from the viewpoint of the refractories engineer including: (1) published literature relating to refractory materials in general; (2) literature relating to specific applications under simulated or actual launch conditions; (3) preliminary contacts with refractories manufacturers and engineering departments; (4) preliminary contacts with government agencies and facilities working in this or related problem areas. A historical review traced the development of the subject from the early use on aircraft runway pavement to present missile sites. Kennedy Space Center inspections and Ohio River Division Laboratory Programs were used as examples to characterize the problems involved. (Author).