Crises Portfolio Flows And Foreign Direct Investment
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| Author | : Merih Uctum |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
We analyze how financial and economic crises affect the relation between the components of capital flows and their determinants in an emerging economy. Our results suggest that the composition of capital flows matters, crises can explain the volatility of portfolio flows and foreign direct investment, and modeling them as endogenous breakpoints improves the results considerably. By using data from the Turkish economy, we estimate these breakpoints together with the parameters of the model and find that they correspond to international and domestic crises that hit the country. Although both components are affected by similar crises, direct investment reacts strongly to the domestic crisis, while portfolios flows are more sensitive to global financial conditions. Breaks also have an effect on the significance and sign of determinants of each type of international investment. Evidence indicates changes in all coefficients in both investment types and suggests that analyses assuming parameter constancy lead to misleading results if they ignore the influence of endogenous breaks.
| Author | : Miles Kahler |
| Publisher | : Cornell University Press |
| Total Pages | : 284 |
| Release | : 2018-09-05 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1501731408 |
Capital flows to the developing economies have long displayed a boom-and-bust pattern. Rarely has the cycle turned as abruptly as it did in the 1990s, however: surges in lending were followed by the Mexican peso crisis of 1994-95 and the sudden collapse of currencies in Asia in 1997. This volume maps a new and uncertain financial landscape, one in which volatile private capital flows and fragile banking systems produce sudden reversals of fortune for governments and economies. This environment creates dilemmas for both national policymakers who confront the "mixed blessing" of capital inflows and the international institutions that manage the recurrent crises.The authors—leading economists and political scientists—examine private capital flows and their consequences in Latin America, Pacific Asia, and East Europe, placing current cycles of lending in historical perspective. National governments have used a variety of strategies to deal with capital-account instability. The authors evaluate those responses, prescribe new alternatives, and consider whether the new circumstances require novel international policies.
| Author | : Mr.Hui Tong |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 39 |
| Release | : 2009-08-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1451873115 |
We study whether capital flows affect the degree of credit crunch faced by a country's manufacturing firms during the 2007-09 crisis. Examining 3823 firms in 24 emerging countries, we find that the decline in stock prices was more severe for firms that are intrinsically more dependent on external finance for working capital. The volume of capital flows has no significant effect on the severity of the credit crunch. However, the composition of capital flows matters: pre-crisis exposure to non-FDI capital inflows worsens the credit crunch, while exposure to FDI alleviates the liquidity constraint. Similar results also hold surrounding the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy
| Author | : David Woodward |
| Publisher | : Zed Books |
| Total Pages | : 264 |
| Release | : 2001-10 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : |
Foreign direct investment has been heralded as the key benefit which globalization offers the South and the mechanism to kickstart economies into rapid growth. This careful and penetrating economic study analyzes what is actually happening to direct investment, its various impacts and just how little we know about it. It assesses the scale of the flows involved; their systematic under-valuation in official statistics; their geographically skewed distribution; the very high rates of return; the risks of large substantial outflows of resources; the massive shift towards foreign ownership required to avoid them; the potentially depressive effect of over-investment on the prices of many traditional Third World exports; and the adverse implications for national sovereignty, social welfare and democratic rights. More dramatically, David Woodward shows how FDI may have contributed to the Asian financial crisis and could lead to a new wave of similar financial crises throughout the developing world.
| Author | : April M. Knill |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 49 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Inversiones extranjeras |
| ISBN | : |
The author examines the impact of the volatility of foreign portfolio investment on the financial constraints of small firms. Using a dataset of over 195,000 firm-year observations across 53 countries, she examines the impact of foreign portfolio investment instability on capital issuance and firm growth across countries and firm characteristics, in particular size. After controlling for the endogeneity of foreign portfolio investment instability, as well as for firm-, industry-, and country-level characteristics such as GDP growth, as well as the levels of foreign portfolio and direct investment, the author finds that the volatility of foreign portfolio investment is only significantly associated with a decreased ability to issue publicly-traded securities for small firms in years when nations are considered less "creditworthy." The volatility of foreign portfolio investment only hinders the growth of small firms significantly in periods when nations are deemed less "creditworthy." These results underscore both the significance of a good financial system that minimizes capital flow volatility, as well as the influence of property rights and country creditworthiness to instill confidence in foreign investors.
| Author | : Stephany Griffith-Jones |
| Publisher | : OUP Oxford |
| Total Pages | : 325 |
| Release | : 2001-02-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0191589144 |
The currency crises that engulfed East Asian economies in 1997 and Mexico in 1994 - and their high development costs - raise a serious concern about the net benefits for developing countries of large flows of potentially reversible short-term international capital. Written by senior policy-makers and academics, the contributions to this volume examine in depth the macroeconomic and other policy dilemmas confronting public authorities in the emerging economies as they deal with short-term capital movements, especially in the period before the outbreak of these crises. The studies are based on comparative case studies of key emerging economies. Valuable insights are also derived from contrasts between the East Asian, Latin American, African, and European experiences, between the financial and real effects of financial flows, and between private and public responsibilities in managing financial markets. The great value of the chapters in this volume is that they analytically identify the weaknesses in both domestic and international capital market regimes. The recommendations derived from this analysis apply to the development of financial markets in developing countries, the monitoring and regulation of mutual funds in source countries, and the future development of international capital markets. They will make an important contribution both to the discussion of national policies and of a new international financial architechture.
| Author | : Balázs Szent-Iványi |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 278 |
| Release | : 2016-12-22 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3319404962 |
This book examines how foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows to Central and Eastern Europe have changed after the Great Recession. It argues that beyond their cyclical effects, the economic crisis and the changing competitiveness of Central and Eastern European countries have had structural impacts on FDI in the region. FDI has traditionally been viewed as the key driver of national development, but the apparent structural shift means that focusing on cheap labour as a competitive advantage is no longer a viable strategy for the countries in the region. The authors argue that these countries need to move beyond the narrative of upgrading (attracting FDI inflows with increasingly higher value added), and focus on ensuring greater value capture instead. A potential way for doing this is by developing the conditions in which innovative national companies can emerge, thrive and eventually develop into lead firms of global value chains. The book provides readers with a highly informative account of the reasons why this shift is necessary, as well as diverse perspectives and extensive discussions on the dynamics and structural impacts of FDI in post-crisis Central and Eastern Europe.
| Author | : Shang-Jin Wei |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 64 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Capital movements |
| ISBN | : |
Crony capitalism and self-fulfilling expectations by international creditors are often suggested as two rival explanations for currency crisis. This paper examines a possible linkage between the two that has not been explored much in the literature: corruption may affect a country's composition of capital inflows in a way that makes it more likely to experience a currency crisis that is triggered/aided by a sudden reversal of international capital flows. We find robust evidence that poor public governance is associated with a higher loan-to-FDI ratio. Such a composition of capital flows has been identified as being associated with a higher incidence of a currency crisis. We also find some weaker evidence that poor public governance is associated with a country's inability to borrow internationally in its own currency. The latter is also associated with a higher incidence of a currency crisis. To sum up, even though crony capitalism does not forecast the timing of a crisis, it can nevertheless increase its likelihood. This paper illustrates a particular channel through which this can happen.
| Author | : Martin Feldstein |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 500 |
| Release | : 2007-12-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0226241807 |
Recent changes in technology, along with the opening up of many regions previously closed to investment, have led to explosive growth in the international movement of capital. Flows from foreign direct investment and debt and equity financing can bring countries substantial gains by augmenting local savings and by improving technology and incentives. Investing companies acquire market access, lower cost inputs, and opportunities for profitable introductions of production methods in the countries where they invest. But, as was underscored recently by the economic and financial crises in several Asian countries, capital flows can also bring risks. Although there is no simple explanation of the currency crisis in Asia, it is clear that fixed exchange rates and chronic deficits increased the likelihood of a breakdown. Similarly, during the 1970s, the United States and other industrial countries loaned OPEC surpluses to borrowers in Latin America. But when the U.S. Federal Reserve raised interest rates to control soaring inflation, the result was a widespread debt moratorium in Latin America as many countries throughout the region struggled to pay the high interest on their foreign loans. International Capital Flows contains recent work by eminent scholars and practitioners on the experience of capital flows to Latin America, Asia, and eastern Europe. These papers discuss the role of banks, equity markets, and foreign direct investment in international capital flows, and the risks that investors and others face with these transactions. By focusing on capital flows' productivity and determinants, and the policy issues they raise, this collection is a valuable resource for economists, policymakers, and financial market participants.
| Author | : David Höhl |
| Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 15 |
| Release | : 2019-05-09 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3668935300 |
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: 1,4 / 69, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, language: English, abstract: This essay focuses on the impact of portfolio investment (PI)flows in developing countries (DC). My thesis statement is that PI have positive rather than negative effects on a DC’s economy since they seem to reduce the cost of capital, increase investment, and accelerate growth. Thus, capital controls should not be enforced on PI. To address the problem of poverty in developing countries (DCs) economic governance and capital flows play a key role. The policy advice of the IMF for DCs was to liberalise the capital account, especially in the 1990s. Economists like John Williamson criticised the capital account liberalisation clearly and held it accountable for the Asian crisis that overtook the so-called “tiger economies” in 1997. He favoured foreign direct investments (FDI) compared to PI since they are much more stable. But how volatile are PI and what are their effects on the economies of DCs? Which legal framework should politicians in DCs set to manage the effects of PI? This essay will face these questions. First of all, I will give an overview of portfolio investment flows in DCs. Afterwards, I will introduce the third-generation crisis models. Then, I will analyse the consequences of PI in DCs. Next, the consequences of PI will be evaluated, also with regard to third-generation crisis models. Given this evaluation, I will state my advice for policy makers.
