Cox 2
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| Author | : Sir John R. Vane |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 153 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9401148724 |
The mainstay of therapy for rheumatoid disease is the non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), despite their inherent gastrointestinal toxicity and ability to cause renal damage in susceptible patients. The theory that the beneficial and toxic effects of NSAIDs stem from a reduction in prostanoid production through inhibition of cyclooxygenase implied that particular toxicities were inevitable with NSAIDs and would always be correlated with efficacy. However, over the years, it became apparent that at therapeutic doses, some NSAIDs had greater toxic side-effects than others, a fact not explained by the general theory. A significant clarification arose from the discovery that there are two distinct isoforms of COX, a constitutive enzyme (COX-I) responsible for the production of prostanoids necessary for platelet aggregation and protection of the gastric mucosa and kidney; and an inducible enzyme (COX-2) that is newly synthesized at sites of tissue damage and produces prostaglandins that manifest pathological effects. It became clear that different NSAIDs had greater or lesser effects on COX-I when used in therapeutic doses, explaining the variation in side-effects. ' The elucidation of the crystal structure of these different enzymes and the skills of medicinal chemists have led to the synthesis of new chemicals with a selectivity for the inducible enzyme, and thus with therapeutic efficacy without those toxic effects result ing from inhibition of the constitutive enzyme.
| Author | : Santosh Nigam |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 765 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1461535204 |
In recent decades eicosanoids have been attracting an increasing amount of attention as a result of their important physiological roles in many areas of biology and medicine. The eicosanoids comprise the prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes and are products of arachidonic acid, an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid stored in tissue phospholipids. Disturbances of eicosanoids and their metabolic products play a regulatory role in many types of cell injuries and diseases. One of the most exciting areas of eicosanoid research pinpoints their participation in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation. Eicosanoids form a link between different fields of research into such areas as cancer, inflammation and radiation-induced injury. This link provided the impetus for the development of the conference series of which the present volume represents the proceedings of the Second International Conference, held in Berlin in October 1991.
| Author | : Jamie A. Goode |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 322 |
| Release | : 2001-11-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780471499596 |
Several fundamentally important questions form the basis for this book. What are the relationships between tumour formation and tumour pH? What are the effects of tumour pH and hypoxia on carcinogenesis or tumorigenesis? What are the therapeutic consequences of tumour pH? It is hypothesised that low extracellular pH is not only an important consequence of tumour growth but may also promote further tumorigenic transformation. Furthermore, in vitro studies suggest that low pH strongly affects the efficacy of chemo- and radiotherapy. Better understanding of the influence of pH on tumour growth, coupled with manipulation of the pH of the tumour microenvironment, may lead to the development of more effective therapies.
| Author | : Raymond S. Sinatra |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 551 |
| Release | : 2010-10-14 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1139491989 |
The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics is an invaluable practical resource for clinicians giving pain relief in any clinical setting, describing the pharmacologic principles and clinical use of all available pain medications. As well as detailed overviews of pain processing and analgesic theory, sections are dedicated to oral and panteral opioid analgesics, neuraxial opioids, NSAIDs, local anesthetics, anticonvulsant type analgesics, NMDA antagonists, alpha adrenergic analgesics, antidepressant analgesics, muscle relaxants, adjuvant medications, and new and emerging analgesics. The concise format of the chapters allows for quick and easy reading and assimilation of information. Enhanced by summary tables and figures, each chapter provides an overview of a particular drug, covering chemical structure, mode of activity, indications, contraindications, common doses and uses, advantages and disadvantages, and drug related adverse events. Key references are also provided. Edited by leading experts in pain management, this is essential reading for any clinician involved in pain management.
| Author | : Kenneth V. Honn |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 592 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1461501938 |
This volume represents a collection of contributions from the 6th International Conference on Eicosanoids and Other Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation, and Related Diseases held in Boston from September 12-15, 1999. The mission of this meeting was to bring together senior and junior investigators to both announce and examine their recent advancements in cutting-edge research on the roles and actions of lipid mediators and their impact in human physiology and disease pathogenesis. The meeting focused on new concepts in these areas of interest to both clinicians and researchers. The program included several outstanding plenary lectures and presentations by leading experts in the fields of cancer and inflammation. In addition, the Boston meeting presented three Young Investigator awards, one in each of the major focus areas. The meeting was exciting and proved to be very memorable. The program was developed with an emphasis on recent advances in molecular and of lipid mediators relevant in cellular mechanisims involved in the formation and actions inflammation and cancer. Plenary lectures were presented by Prof. Bengt Sammuelsson (Karolinska Institute, Stockholm; 1982 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine) and Prof. E. 1. Corey (Harvard University; 1990 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry). Both of these plenary lectures were held on Day 1, which set an exciting tone for this meeting. Immediately following these plenary lectures, three simultaneous breakout sessions were held, one of inflammation, a second on cancer and synthesis of novel inhibitors, and a third on enzymes-lipoxygenases/cyclooxygenases and inhibitors.
| Author | : Greg Cox |
| Publisher | : Simon and Schuster |
| Total Pages | : 322 |
| Release | : 2004-12 |
| Genre | : Fiction |
| ISBN | : 0743480724 |
Based on characters from Screen Gems's 2003 motion picture starring Kate Beckinsale, this all-original prequel reveals the origins of the rival clans of vampires and werewolves, and how their clandestine war has been fought in the shadows of the mortal world. Original.
| Author | : Joseph R. Bertino |
| Publisher | : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 300 |
| Release | : 2003-01-01 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 380557536X |
Numerous investigators have found increased levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in both premalignant and malignant tissues. Moreover, animals engineered to be COX-2 deficient or treated with a selective COX-2 inhibitor showed reduced tumor formation and growth. The present book reviews these findings suggesting that COX-2 is a valid molecular target for the prevention and treatment of cancer. The first chapters are devoted to the epidemiology of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cancer, the pharmacology of COX-2 inhibitors and the regulation of COX-2 expression in human cancers. Besides, the book contains a series of chapters examining the link between COX-2 and cancer in specific organs (e.g. skin, breast, cervix, digestive tract, lung, etc.). Furthermore, several clinical trials assessing the potential of COX-2 inhibitors for preventing and treating cancer are described. The final chapter provides an up-to-date consideration of COX-independent targets of NSAIDs and related compounds in cancer prevention and treatment. This state-of-the-art publication is recommended reading not only for medical and radiation oncologists, but also for pharmacologists, gastroenterologists and other subspecialists.
| Author | : Maynard J. Howardell |
| Publisher | : Nova Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 274 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9781594549946 |
COX-2 Inhibitors are newly developed drugs for inflammation that selectively block the COX-2 enzyme. Blocking this enzyme impedes the production of the chemical messengers (prostaglandins) that cause the pain and swelling of arthritis inflammation. Cox-2 inhibitors are a new class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Because they selectively block the Cox-2 enzyme and not the Cox-1 enzyme, these drugs are uniquely different from traditional NSAIDS. This book explores new research in this field.
| Author | : Hyman J. Zimmerman |
| Publisher | : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
| Total Pages | : 850 |
| Release | : 1999 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780781719520 |
Written by the foremost authority in the field, this volume is a comprehensive review of the multifaceted phenomenon of hepatotoxicity. Dr. Zimmerman examines the interface between chemicals and the liver; the latest research in experimental hepatotoxicology; the hepatotoxic risks of household, industrial, and environmental chemicals; and the adverse effects of drugs on the liver. This thoroughly revised, updated Second Edition features a greatly expanded section on the wide variety of drugs that can cause liver injury. For quick reference, an appendix lists these medications and their associated hepatic injuries. Also included are in-depth discussions of drug metabolism and factors affecting susceptibility to liver injury.
| Author | : J. Vuyk |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 302 |
| Release | : 2003-02-28 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780306477058 |
Since its launch in 1998 the European Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia (EuroSIVA) has come a long way in providing educational material and supporting the research and clinical application of intravenous anaesthesia. After the first two annual meetings held in Barcelona and Amsterdam in 1998 and 1999, three other successful meetings took place in Vienna, Gothenburg and Nice in 2000, 2001 and 2002. Next to these main meetings, starting in the year 2000, a smaller winter meeting has been organised every last week of January in Crans Montana, Switzerland. Both the main summer and the winter meetings breathe the same atmosphere of sharing the latest on intravenous anaesthesia research in the presence of a friendly environment and good company. Since the first meetings the educational tools of EuroSIVA have increased in quantity and technical quality allowing digital slide and video presentation along with the use of the computer simulation program TIVAtrainer during the speaker sessions and the workshops. Furthermore, EuroSIVA now exploits a website www. eurosiva. org that allows for continuous exchange of information on intravenous anaesthesia, the TIVAtrainer, the EuroSIVA meetings and online registration for these meetings. The EuroSIVA is currently engaged in friendly contacts with the Asian Oceanic Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia (AOSIVA), the United Kingdom Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia (UKSIVA), the Korean Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia (KSIVA), the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA) and the International Society for Applied Pharmacology (ISAP).
