Controlling Coastal Sand Dunes in the Pacific Northwest (Classic Reprint)

Controlling Coastal Sand Dunes in the Pacific Northwest (Classic Reprint)
Author: Willard Thomas McLaughlin
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Total Pages: 52
Release: 2018-02-07
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780267828753

Excerpt from Controlling Coastal Sand Dunes in the Pacific Northwest Six years ago the advancing sand dunes on the Clatsop Plains of Oregon, at the mouth of the Columbia River, were menacing forts, military reservations, 'roads, and private property valued at Worse, they were also threatening to impede the flow of nearly of ocean - going commerce moving in and out of the entrance to the Columbia River, which lay directly in the path of the oncoming dunes. Today the sand movement on the Clatsop Plains has been arrested, and what was once a dangerous expanse of wind blown sand 20 miles long and at places miles wide has been transformed into a mantle of planted grass. In wartime this work is especially vital, much more important than the money values that were protected by this 6 - year job of the Soil Conservation Service. Similar conditions are found at the mouths of other navigable rivers on the Pacific coast and on other coastal areas. The methods and techniques of dune control de scribed in this publication, as applied to the Pacific North west coast, can be adopted as well to other threatened points. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Stabilizing Sand Dunes on the Pacific Coast with Woody Plants (Classic Reprint)

Stabilizing Sand Dunes on the Pacific Coast with Woody Plants (Classic Reprint)
Author: Robert L. Brown
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Total Pages: 26
Release: 2017-10-28
Genre: Gardening
ISBN: 9781528420761

Excerpt from Stabilizing Sand Dunes on the Pacific Coast With Woody Plants Figure l. - Stabilized coastal sand dunes are used for recreation, provided pre caution is taken to preserve the permanent cover from damage.of extensive areas of eroding dunes on the north Pacific coast. They pointed out that trees and shrubs were essential to erosion control on some sites, while on others the choice between herbaceous and woody perennials for permanent stabilization depended on the use of the area. The land capability and the economic and social considerations determine the use of the stabilized area. Most of the dune areas on the Pacific coast of North America are in land-capability classes VII and VIII. 2 Such lands have severe limitation for use because of the erosion hazard, low fertility, or low water-supply capacity. Small areas of class VI land with slightly less erosion hazard and of excessively wet class V land are interspersed with the class VII and VIII land of the dunes. Small areas of class III and IV land occur on some coastal dunes. These may be used for cultivated crops or pasture, but they require large amounts of fertilizer and supplemental irrigation. If cultivated crops are grown, extreme precautions must be taken to prevent wind erosion. The same conditions that preclude the use of stabilized dunes for cultivated crops or pasture also limit their use for the production of major forest products such as lumber, poles, or pulpwood. Minor forest products such as Christmas trees, charcoal, and florist greenery are possible with intensive culture when areas are near markets. The use of coastal dunes for recreation is consistent with both their land capability and their location. Large centers of population are usually located near the coast, and improved highways make them readily accessible to vacationers. Recreational use of coastal dune areas is enhanced by the proper use of trees and shrubs for permanent stabilization (fig. Precautions must be taken to preserve the permanent cover from damages by overuse, careless use, and fire. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Coastal Sand Dunes in the U.S. Pacific Northwest

Coastal Sand Dunes in the U.S. Pacific Northwest
Author: Jeremy M. Mull
Publisher:
Total Pages: 120
Release: 2011
Genre: Beach erosion
ISBN:

Coastal foredunes protect lives, infrastructure, and ecosystems during severe winter storms. In the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW), coastal foredune geomorphology is determined by both physical and ecological mechanisms. Before the 1900's, the native plant Elymus mollis was the dominant dune grass and dune morphology was largely determined by sediment supply and other physical factors. The introduction of two different invasive beach grasses in the first half of the 20th century resulted in significant changes to PNW foredune geomorphology. Recent work has shown that the invasive beach grass Ammophila arenaria is associated with taller, narrower foredunes while the grass Ammophila breviligulata is associated with shorter, broader foredunes. We hypothesize that this may impact coastal vulnerability as the taller, narrower foredunes may be more resistant to overtopping, but less resistant to erosion, while the shorter, broader foredunes may be more resistant to erosion, but less resistant to overtopping. The work presented in this thesis is part of a larger, interdisciplinary effort to determine the relative importance of physical and ecological mechanisms in controlling coastal foredune geomorphology and vulnerability in the PNW. Airborne topographic lidar data is used to characterize the regional variability in foredune geomorphology within several littoral cells, subcells, and beaches of the PNW. We present and discuss techniques to automatically and accurately extract foredune morphometric parameters from a lidar elevation data set of the coasts of Oregon and Washington. If the different grass species do affect foredune geomorphology, it is important to understand how managing them might impact coastal vulnerability. Therefore, we use the geomorphological parameters and measured hydrodynamic parameters during a major winter storm to estimate vulnerability to overtopping and erosion at beaches with distinctly different foredunes. Estimates of overtopping and erosion are normalized by the foredune heights and widths to elucidate how the different foredune types, and possibly the associated beach grasses, affect vulnerability. A series of simple foredune erosion models including a geometric model, an equilibrium profile model, and a wave impact model are evaluated for applicability to the PNW coast.

Methods Used for Controlling and Reclaiming Sand Dunes (Classic Reprint)

Methods Used for Controlling and Reclaiming Sand Dunes (Classic Reprint)
Author: A. S. Hitchcock
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Total Pages: 60
Release: 2017-10-13
Genre: Gardening
ISBN: 9780266268024

Excerpt from Methods Used for Controlling and Reclaiming Sand Dunes The sand-dune areas of Europe are of especial interest because they present conditions similar to those found in the United States and because it is there that the methods of reclamation were first applied and later most successfully developed. In order to investigate the methods used and determine to what extent they might be applied in this country, the writer visited several regions in Europe where the conditions and methods may be considered representative - the Netherlands, Denmark, the southwest coast of France and the Kurische Nehrung on the northeast coast of Germany. In Prussia much work has been done along the coasts of the Baltic and North seas, but this is so well described in Gerhardt's admirable book upon the dunes of Germany that other points than the ones mentioned were not visited. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.