Cause and Control of Transverse Cracking in Concrete Bridge Decks

Cause and Control of Transverse Cracking in Concrete Bridge Decks
Author: M. Ala Saadeghvaziri
Publisher:
Total Pages: 206
Release: 2002
Genre: Concrete bridges
ISBN:

Many concrete bridge decks develop transverse cracking and most of these cracks develop at early ages, some right after construction and some after the bridge has been opened to traffic for a period of time. Structural design factors have not been the subject of much research in the past and they were the main thrust of this research study. Using 2-D and 3-D linear and nonlinear finite element models many design factors such as girder stiffness, deck thickness, girder spacing, relative stiffness of deck to girder, amount of reinforcements, etc., were studied. The research study also included a comprehensive review of the existing literature as well as survey of 24 bridges in the state of New Jersey. Results of each research task are presented and discussed in detail. Furthermore, based on analytical results and literature review, the effect of various factors are quantified and specific recommendations for possible consideration in design are made.

Control of Cracking in Bridge Decks

Control of Cracking in Bridge Decks
Author: D. Darwin
Publisher:
Total Pages: 7
Release: 2004
Genre: Bridge decks
ISBN:

Crack surveys of bridge decks, performed over a 10-year period in northeast Kansas as part of three studies, provide strong guidance in identifying the parameters that control cracking in these structures. The surveys involve steel girder bridges--bridges that are generally agreed to exhibit the greatest amount of cracking in the concrete decks. The surveys include monolithic decks and decks with silica fume and conventional concrete overlays. The study demonstrates that crack density increases as a function of cement and water content, and concrete strength. In addition, crack density is higher in the end spans of decks that are integral with the abutments than decks with pin-ended supports. Most cracking occurs early in the life of a bridge deck, but continues to increase over time. This is true for bridges cast in both the 1980s and the 1990s. A key observation, however, is that bridge decks cast in the 1980s exhibit less cracking than those in the 1990s, even with the increase in crack density over time. Changes in materials, primarily cement fineness, and construction procedures over the past 20 years, are discussed in light of these observations. A major bright spot has been the positive effect of efforts to limit early evaporation, suggesting that the early initiation of curing procedures will help reduce cracking in bridge decks.

The Effect of Bridge Deck Design Methodology on Crack Control

The Effect of Bridge Deck Design Methodology on Crack Control
Author: Richard J. Nielsen
Publisher:
Total Pages: 32
Release: 2010
Genre: Bridges
ISBN:

At present, the Idaho Transportation Department (ITD) Bridge Design Manual allows engineers to use the AASHTO empirical method to design concrete bridge decks. However, the ITD Bridge Section would like to compare their design practices to those employed by other state DOTs. The Bridge Section is also interested in the ability of the empirical deck design method to control deck cracking. AASHTO's empirical deck design method and traditional design method are summarized. We reviewed the literature regarding the effect of bridge deck design methodology on deck cracking. Many researchers agree that the empirical bridge deck design method needs to be modified to limit cracking. For example, Frosch and Radabaugh believe that the empirical method does not require a large enough reinforcement ratio to adequately control cracking. Others such as Krauss believe that the deck-to-girder stiffness has a greater effect on deck cracking and should be increased in the empirical method. We also surveyed bridge deck design methods and typical deck designs for all of the states in the U.S. Bridge deck properties such as deck thickness, rebar size and rebar spacing from other states were compared to those specified by ITD. Most states and Canada use a significantly smaller spacing and larger reinforcement bar size. We believe that reducing the spacing and increasing the size of rebar would mitigate ITD's deck cracking problem, although the degree to which deck crack spacing and width would be mitigated would require further research.

Bridge Management

Bridge Management
Author: M. J. Ryall
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 772
Release: 2013-12-14
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1489972323

This volume consists of papers presented at the First International Conference on Bridge Management, held at The University of Surrey, Guildford, UK, from 28-30 March 1990.