Contemporary Topics In Immunobiology
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| Author | : Edwin Cooper |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 307 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1468430483 |
This fourth volume of Contemporary Topics In Immunobiology treats in vertebrate immunity. Specifically, the results represent several approaches to humoral and cellular immunity. It is evident that invertebrates do have function ing immune systems. For example, cellular immunity is characterized by both specificity and memory, but it is still problematical whether vertebrate immune capacity evolved directly from invertebrates. Most of the manuscripts were formally presented at the International Symposium on Invertebrate Pathology, University of Minnesota, August 1972, held in connection with the 25th anniversary celebration of the American Insti tute of Biological Sciences. I wish to express my appreciation to the contributors and to beg their indulgence in what may have been overzealous editing. This was done, though, in the interest of clarity and to seek uniformity. Because of earlier problems, time limitations did not permit consultations between submission of manuscripts and final editing. For assistance, I extend a special note of gratitude to Mrs. Lois Gehringer who unselfishly retyped many of the manuscripts. The preparation of this volume was aided partially by NSF Grant GB17767, two grants from The California Institute for Cancer Research, and a grant from The Brown-Hazen Corporation. E.L.C. Contents Introduction: General Comments and a Note on Taxonomy ....................... .
| Author | : R. Porter |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 272 |
| Release | : 2014-01-15 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781468428421 |
| Author | : M. Hanna |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 199 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1468430424 |
Investigators, teachers, and practitioners in the biomedical sciences are keenly aware of the current crisis in scientific communications. With well over a thousand biomedical journals producing new issues each month, and with approximately five hundred new technical books in biomedicine being 1 published each year, not to mention the proliferation of information-ex change meetings, it is all too clear that we are in danger of being inundated by a flood of tables, figures, and hypotheses. The problem is particularly acute in immunology, as the rate of information production is increasing geometrically, and immunological approaches have been extended into other biological and medical fields to further diversify the research over a vast literature. Abstracting and information-retrieval services do much to improve the investigator's lot, but do not offer solutions for one particularly distressing aspect of the crisis. In the midst of our informational overabundance, one often finds that interrelationships between an investigator's collective findings are becoming blurred, or that the relation of his total work to the field are not clear. Although review articles are indispensable in fixing the status of a given problem, they do not provide the detailed attention to a single author's work that is needed.
| Author | : Noel L. Warner |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 309 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1468437011 |
Although the field of contemporary immunobiology continues to diversify and encompass an increasing array of biomedical disciplines and topics, there are frequently several themes that will receive special emphasis and prominence at any given time. It is our hope that this series will reflect these themes and pro vide an appropriate venue for exposure of such topics at a useful time. Although this particular volume is not designated as one of the special topics volumes in this series, the selected topics have in essence come together to con sider aspects of two major areas of considerable research interest in immuno biology today. These concern new approaches and insights into an understanding of the tumor-host relationship, and aspects of cellular interactions and networks as approached by various different lines of investigation. The province of tumor immunology remains one of the most challenging areas to immunologists, as it of necessity involves not only developing an under standing of the neoplastic process itself and how the immune system responds, but of eventually using this information in a diagnostic or therapeutic manner.
| Author | : Noel Warner |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 281 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1468409220 |
In this current volume of Contemporary Topics in Immunobiology we have chosen to continue with the multiple-theme approach that was developed in Volumes 1, 3, and 5 of this series. Immunobiology still shows little sign of decreasing its active growth rate, but rather is continuing to broaden its range of interests and applications, particularly as new techniques and methods are adapted from other fields of medical research. This present volume reflects both several of the more classical areas of immunology now addressed in the light of contemporary immunology, and several newer directions that have been taken in other fields. The general subject of T-cell heterogeneity and functions of T-cell subpop ulations is addressed in Chapters 1 and 2. The potential role of genes of the major histocompatibility complex in controlling the immune functions of T lymphocytes still remains a major unresolved issue in immunogenetics, and the current status of this problem is excellently reviewed by J. F. A. P. Miller. The further elucidation of functional subpopulations of human T lymphocytes has been particularly hampered by the lack of available markers for character izing and isolating such sUbpopulations. A major step in this direction has been made by L. Moretta, M. Ferrarini, and M. D. Cooper, who review their ex perience with Fc-receptor-bearing human T-Iymphocyte populations.
| Author | : John J. Marchalonis |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 305 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1461591317 |
The problem that virtually all cells have in discriminating between "self" and "non-self" molecules and cells has been considered at great length in immuno biology. However, cells that clearly are incapable of carrying out mammalian type immune functions can exhibit exquisite specificity in their capacity to discriminate among syngeneic, allogeneic, and xenogeneic cells. In this volume of Contemporary Topics in Immunobiology we have chosen to consider the general problem of self/non-self discrimination as it is manifest in recognition reactions of plants and invertebrates and in the evolutionary development of the immune response of vertebrates. A broad, many-faceted approach is taken toward fundamental issues in immunobiology in order to develop innovative concepts of receptor function as well as to delineate traditional views. The capacity of plants to discriminate between self and non-self is addressed in Chapter 1 by R. B. Knox and Adrienne E. Clarke. These authors provide examples of cell-cell recognition in plants that parallel those occurring in in vertebrates and vertebrates. In general, tolerance (acceptance) of grafts is re stricted to plants within closely related genera. Recognition is mediated by callus cells, which proliferate at wound surfaces in higher plants, and there is a correlation between cell and tissue type and antigenic markers detectable with the use of mammalian antibodies. Certain flowering plants exhibit precise discrimination in fertilization, when pollen must be from the same species, but fertilization occurs only if the pollen is genetically non-self.
| Author | : L. Du Pasquier |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 324 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3642596746 |
The comparative approach to immunology can be traced to the era of Pasteur and Metchnikov in which observations regarding foreign recognition in invertebrates was a factor in the develop ment of the principal concepts that created the foundation of what now is the broad field of immunology. With each major experimental and conceptual breakthrough, the classical, albeit essential, question has been asked "are the immune systems of phylogenetically primitive vertebrates and invertebrates similar to that of mammals?" Somewhat surprisingly for the jawed verte brates, the general answer has been a qualified form of "yes", whereas for agnathans and invertebrate phyla it has been "no" so far. The apparent abruptness in the appearance of the immune system of vertebrates is linked to the introduction of the somatic generation of the diversity of its antigen specific receptors. Therefore the questions regarding the origin and evolution of the specific immune system revolve around this phenomenon. With respect to the origin of the system (aside from the or igin of the rearranging machinery itself, the study of which is still in its infancy) one can ask questions about the cellular and mo lecular contexts in which the mechanism was introduced.
| Author | : Glenn Dranoff |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 313 |
| Release | : 2011-04-11 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3642141366 |
The interplay between tumors and their immunologic microenvironment is complex, difficult to decipher, but its understanding is of seminal importance for the development of novel prognostic markers and therapeutic strategies. The present review discusses tumor-immune interactions in several human cancers that illustrate various aspects of this complexity and proposes an integrated scheme of the impact of local immune reactions on clinical outcome. Current active immunotherapy trials have shown durable tumor regressions in a fraction of patients. However, clinical efficacy of current vaccines is limited, possibly because tumors skew the immune system by means of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, inflammatory type 2 T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), all of which prevent the generation of effector cells. To improve the clinical efficacy of cancer vaccines in patients with metastatic disease, we need to design novel and improved strategies that can boost adaptive immunity to cancer, help overcome Tregs and allow the breakdown of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
| Author | : John E. Coligan |
| Publisher | : Current Protocols |
| Total Pages | : 846 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : Immunology |
| ISBN | : |
Current Protocols in Immunology is a three-volume looseleaf manual that provides comprehensive coverage of immunological methods from classic to the most cutting edge, including antibody detection and preparation, assays for functional activities of mouse and human cells involved in immune responses, assays for cytokines and their receptors, isolation and analysis of proteins and peptides, biochemistry of cell activation, molecular immunology, and animal models of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Carefully edited, step-by-step protocols replete with material lists, expert commentaries, and safety and troubleshooting tips ensure that you can duplicate the experimental results in your own laboratory. Bimonthly updates, which are filed into the looseleaf, keep the set current with the latest developments in immunology methods. The initial purchase includes one year of updates and then subscribers may renew their annual subscriptions. Current Protocols publishes a family of laboratory manuals for bioscientists, including Molecular Biology, Human Genetics, Protein Science, Cytometry, Cell Biology, Neuroscience, Pharmacology, and Toxicology.
| Author | : Marcel B.M. Teunissen |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 262 |
| Release | : 2011-09-15 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3642236901 |
This volume of Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology covers diverse topics related to intradermal immunization. The chapters highlight the effectiveness of intradermal immunization in experimental animal models or in clinical practice, all supporting the view that intradermal immunization is at least as good as other immunization routes. Keeping in mind that current vaccines are not specially designed for intradermal immunization, but show comparable efficiency even at reduced dosages, this underlines the great potential for the skin as a vaccination site. Hopefully, the overview in this volume will encourage vaccine designers to focus on this promising immunization route, and in addition, to inspire them to develop vaccines that are especially optimized for intradermal immunization.
