This book analyses the main events and turning points in the building of pre- and post-independent South Sudan. It covers the historical perspectives of the country, its key political, mediation and negotiation processes, peace and security, socio-economic development, and gender, as well as conflict and reconstruction. Many African states are products of compromised peace settlements and power sharing agreements, following violent and protracted conflicts between colonial/occupying powers, armed groups and nation states. This is the same route that Africa’s youngest nation, South Sudan traversed before attaining independence in July 2011. This edited volume is an innovative collection that serves as a complete reading on South Sudan, from the pre-independent to post-independent realities of the political, military and inter-ethnic conflicts and the negotiations to resolve them. It is a step-by-step account of the major events that mark the history as well as the contemporary occurrences in South Sudan. The book offers guidance on how to sustainably end armed conflict in Africa by tackling four broad themes that include the historical analysis of the conflict, political issues, peace and security, and gender, justice and contemporary dynamics. The book presents a gendered approach to arguments, while also reflecting gender equity in terms of the book authorship. Academics, researchers and specialists in the field of conflict management and resolution as well as security studies will find this book useful.