Model-Implementation Fidelity in Cyber Physical System Design

Model-Implementation Fidelity in Cyber Physical System Design
Author: Anca Molnos
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 244
Release: 2016-12-08
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319473077

This book puts in focus various techniques for checking modeling fidelity of Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), with respect to the physical world they represent. The authors' present modeling and analysis techniques representing different communities, from very different angles, discuss their possible interactions, and discuss the commonalities and differences between their practices. Coverage includes model driven development, resource-driven development, statistical analysis, proofs of simulator implementation, compiler construction, power/temperature modeling of digital devices, high-level performance analysis, and code/device certification. Several industrial contexts are covered, including modeling of computing and communication, proof architectures models and statistical based validation techniques.

Memory Optimizations of Embedded Applications for Energy Efficiency

Memory Optimizations of Embedded Applications for Energy Efficiency
Author: Jong Soo Park
Publisher: Stanford University
Total Pages: 177
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:

The current embedded processors often do not satisfy increasingly demanding computation requirements of embedded applications within acceptable energy efficiency, whereas application-specific integrated circuits require excessive design costs. In the Stanford Elm project, it was identified that instruction and data delivery, not computation, dominate the energy consumption of embedded processors. Consequently, the energy efficiency of delivering instructions and data must be sufficiently improved to close the efficiency gap between application-specific integrated circuits and programmable embedded processors. This dissertation demonstrates that the compiler and run-time system can play a crucial role in improving the energy efficiency of delivering instructions and data. Regarding instruction delivery, I present a compiler algorithm that manages L0 instruction scratch-pad memories that reside between processor cores and L1 caches. Despite the lack of tags, the scratch-pad memories with our algorithm can achieve lower miss rates than caches with the same capacities, saving significant instruction delivery energy. Regarding data delivery, I present methods that minimize memory-space requirements for parallelizing stream applications, applications that are commonly found in the embedded domain. When stream applications are parallelized in pipelining, large enough buffers are required between pipeline stages to sustain the throughput (e.g., double buffering). For static stream applications where production and consumption rates of stages are close to compile-time constants, a compiler analysis is presented, which computes the minimum buffer capacity that maximizes the throughput. Based on this analysis, a new static streamscheduling algorithm is developed, which yields considerable speed-up and data delivery energy saving compared to a previous algorithm. For dynamic stream applications, I present a dynamically-sized array-based queue design that achieves speed-up and data delivery energy saving compared to a linked-list based queue design.

Multicore Processors and Systems

Multicore Processors and Systems
Author: Stephen W. Keckler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 310
Release: 2009-08-29
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1441902635

Multicore Processors and Systems provides a comprehensive overview of emerging multicore processors and systems. It covers technology trends affecting multicores, multicore architecture innovations, multicore software innovations, and case studies of state-of-the-art commercial multicore systems. A cross-cutting theme of the book is the challenges associated with scaling up multicore systems to hundreds of cores. The book provides an overview of significant developments in the architectures for multicore processors and systems. It includes chapters on fundamental requirements for multicore systems, including processing, memory systems, and interconnect. It also includes several case studies on commercial multicore systems that have recently been developed and deployed across multiple application domains. The architecture chapters focus on innovative multicore execution models as well as infrastructure for multicores, including memory systems and on-chip interconnections. The case studies examine multicore implementations across different application domains, including general purpose, server, media/broadband, network processing, and signal processing. Multicore Processors and Systems is the first book that focuses solely on multicore processors and systems, and in particular on the unique technology implications, architectures, and implementations. The book has contributing authors that are from both the academic and industrial communities.

Big Data

Big Data
Author: Rajkumar Buyya
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
Total Pages: 496
Release: 2016-06-07
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0128093463

Big Data: Principles and Paradigms captures the state-of-the-art research on the architectural aspects, technologies, and applications of Big Data. The book identifies potential future directions and technologies that facilitate insight into numerous scientific, business, and consumer applications. To help realize Big Data's full potential, the book addresses numerous challenges, offering the conceptual and technological solutions for tackling them. These challenges include life-cycle data management, large-scale storage, flexible processing infrastructure, data modeling, scalable machine learning, data analysis algorithms, sampling techniques, and privacy and ethical issues. - Covers computational platforms supporting Big Data applications - Addresses key principles underlying Big Data computing - Examines key developments supporting next generation Big Data platforms - Explores the challenges in Big Data computing and ways to overcome them - Contains expert contributors from both academia and industry

Large Scale Network-Centric Distributed Systems

Large Scale Network-Centric Distributed Systems
Author: Hamid Sarbazi-Azad
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 586
Release: 2013-10-10
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1118714822

A highly accessible reference offering a broad range of topics and insights on large scale network-centric distributed systems Evolving from the fields of high-performance computing and networking, large scale network-centric distributed systems continues to grow as one of the most important topics in computing and communication and many interdisciplinary areas. Dealing with both wired and wireless networks, this book focuses on the design and performance issues of such systems. Large Scale Network-Centric Distributed Systems provides in-depth coverage ranging from ground-level hardware issues (such as buffer organization, router delay, and flow control) to the high-level issues immediately concerning application or system users (including parallel programming, middleware, and OS support for such computing systems). Arranged in five parts, it explains and analyzes complex topics to an unprecedented degree: Part 1: Multicore and Many-Core (Mc) Systems-on-Chip Part 2: Pervasive/Ubiquitous Computing and Peer-to-Peer Systems Part 3: Wireless/Mobile Networks Part 4: Grid and Cloud Computing Part 5: Other Topics Related to Network-Centric Computing and Its Applications Large Scale Network-Centric Distributed Systems is an incredibly useful resource for practitioners, postgraduate students, postdocs, and researchers.

Programming Multicore and Many-core Computing Systems

Programming Multicore and Many-core Computing Systems
Author: Sabri Pllana
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 525
Release: 2017-01-23
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1119332001

Programming multi-core and many-core computing systems Sabri Pllana, Linnaeus University, Sweden Fatos Xhafa, Technical University of Catalonia, Spain Provides state-of-the-art methods for programming multi-core and many-core systems The book comprises a selection of twenty two chapters covering: fundamental techniques and algorithms; programming approaches; methodologies and frameworks; scheduling and management; testing and evaluation methodologies; and case studies for programming multi-core and many-core systems. Program development for multi-core processors, especially for heterogeneous multi-core processors, is significantly more complex than for single-core processors. However, programmers have been traditionally trained for the development of sequential programs, and only a small percentage of them have experience with parallel programming. In the past, only a relatively small group of programmers interested in High Performance Computing (HPC) was concerned with the parallel programming issues, but the situation has changed dramatically with the appearance of multi-core processors on commonly used computing systems. It is expected that with the pervasiveness of multi-core processors, parallel programming will become mainstream. The pervasiveness of multi-core processors affects a large spectrum of systems, from embedded and general-purpose, to high-end computing systems. This book assists programmers in mastering the efficient programming of multi-core systems, which is of paramount importance for the software-intensive industry towards a more effective product-development cycle. Key features: Lessons, challenges, and roadmaps ahead. Contains real world examples and case studies. Helps programmers in mastering the efficient programming of multi-core and many-core systems. The book serves as a reference for a larger audience of practitioners, young researchers and graduate level students. A basic level of programming knowledge is required to use this book.

Pipelined Multiprocessor System-on-Chip for Multimedia

Pipelined Multiprocessor System-on-Chip for Multimedia
Author: Haris Javaid
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 174
Release: 2013-11-26
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319011138

This book describes analytical models and estimation methods to enhance performance estimation of pipelined multiprocessor systems-on-chip (MPSoCs). A framework is introduced for both design-time and run-time optimizations. For design space exploration, several algorithms are presented to minimize the area footprint of a pipelined MPSoC under a latency or a throughput constraint. A novel adaptive pipelined MPSoC architecture is described, where idle processors are transitioned into low-power states at run-time to reduce energy consumption. Multi-mode pipelined MPSoCs are introduced, where multiple pipelined MPSoCs optimized separately are merged into a single pipelined MPSoC, enabling further reduction of the area footprint by sharing the processors and communication buffers. Readers will benefit from the authors’ combined use of analytical models, estimation methods and exploration algorithms and will be enabled to explore billions of design points in a few minutes.

Applications, Tools and Techniques on the Road to Exascale Computing

Applications, Tools and Techniques on the Road to Exascale Computing
Author: Koen de Bosschere
Publisher: IOS Press
Total Pages: 688
Release: 2012
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1614990409

Single processing units have now reached a point where further major improvements in their performance are restricted by their physical limitations. This is causing a slowing down in advances at the same time as new scientific challenges are demanding exascale speed. This has meant that parallel processing has become key to High Performance Computing (HPC). This book contains the proceedings of the 14th biennial ParCo conference, ParCo2011, held in Ghent, Belgium. The ParCo conferences have traditionally concentrated on three main themes: Algorithms, Architectures and Applications. Nowadays though, the focus has shifted from traditional multiprocessor topologies to heterogeneous and manycores, incorporating standard CPUs, GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) and FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays). These platforms are, at a higher abstraction level, integrated in clusters, grids and clouds. The papers presented here reflect this change of focus. New architectures, programming tools and techniques are also explored, and the need for exascale hardware and software was also discussed in the industrial session of the conference.This book will be of interest to all those interested in parallel computing today, and progress towards the exascale computing of tomorrow.

Programming Many-Core Chips

Programming Many-Core Chips
Author: András Vajda
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 233
Release: 2011-06-10
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1441997393

This book presents new concepts, techniques and promising programming models for designing software for chips with "many" (hundreds to thousands) processor cores. Given the scale of parallelism inherent to these chips, software designers face new challenges in terms of operating systems, middleware and applications. This will serve as an invaluable, single-source reference to the state-of-the-art in programming many-core chips. Coverage includes many-core architectures, operating systems, middleware, and programming models.

Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics

Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics
Author: Roman Wyrzykowski
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 511
Release: 2020-03-19
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 303043222X

The two-volume set LNCS 12043 and 12044 constitutes revised selected papers from the 13th International Conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics, PPAM 2019, held in Bialystok, Poland, in September 2019. The 91 regular papers presented in these volumes were selected from 161 submissions. For regular tracks of the conference, 41 papers were selected from 89 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named as follows: Part I: numerical algorithms and parallel scientific computing; emerging HPC architectures; performance analysis and scheduling in HPC systems; environments and frameworks for parallel/distributed/cloud computing; applications of parallel computing; parallel non-numerical algorithms; soft computing with applications; special session on GPU computing; special session on parallel matrix factorizations. Part II: workshop on language-based parallel programming models (WLPP 2019); workshop on models algorithms and methodologies for hybrid parallelism in new HPC systems; workshop on power and energy aspects of computations (PEAC 2019); special session on tools for energy efficient computing; workshop on scheduling for parallel computing (SPC 2019); workshop on applied high performance numerical algorithms for PDEs; minisymposium on HPC applications in physical sciences; minisymposium on high performance computing interval methods; workshop on complex collective systems. Chapters "Parallel adaptive cross approximation for the multi-trace formulation of scattering problems" and "A High-Order Discontinuous Galerkin Solver with Dynamic Adaptive Mesh Refinement to Simulate Cloud Formation Processes" of LNCS 12043 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.