Community Operational Research

Community Operational Research
Author: Gerald Midgley
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 367
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1441989110

"This is the book I have been waiting for. Community Operational Research has shown that analysis can be used not only for, but also with, community groups, helping them to gain more control of their situations. What Midgley and Ochoa-Arias' volume does is provide not only rich examples of grass-roots practice, but also thought-provoking theoretical explorations. The editors have a point of view, but they allow space for debate with those who interpret Community OR differently." Jonathan Rosenhead (Emeritus Professor of Operational Research, London School of Economics and Political Science; Ex-President of the ORS)

Community-Based Operations Research

Community-Based Operations Research
Author: Michael P. Johnson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 355
Release: 2011-09-18
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1461408067

This edited volume is an introduction to diverse methods and applications in operations research focused on local populations and community-based organizations that have the potential to improve the lives of individuals and communities in tangible ways. The book's themes include: space, place and community; disadvantaged, underrepresented or underserved populations; international and transnational applications; multimethod, cross-disciplinary and comparative approaches and appropriate technology; and analytics. The book is comprised of eleven original submissions, a re-print of a 2007 article by Johnson and Smilowitz that introduces CBOR, and an introductory chapter that provides policy motivation, antecedents to CBOR in OR/MS, a theory of CBOR and a comprehensive review of the chapters. It is hoped that this book will provide a resource to academics and practitioners who seek to develop methods and applications that bridge the divide between traditional OR/MS rooted in mathematical models and newer streams in 'soft OR' that emphasize problem structuring methods, critical approaches to OR/MS and community engagement and capacity-building.

Harvey J. Greenberg

Harvey J. Greenberg
Author: Allen Holder
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 172
Release: 2020-11-20
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3030564290

This volume chronicles the high impact research career of Harvey Greenberg (1940-2018), and in particular, it reviews historical contributions, presents current research projects, and suggests future pursuits. This volume addresses several of his most distinguished hallmarks, including model analysis, model generation, infeasibility diagnosis, sensitivity analysis, parametric programming, energy modeling, and computational biology. There is also an overview chapter on the emergence of computational OR, and in particular, how literature venues have changed the course of OR research. He developed Computer-Assisted Analysis in the 1970s and 80s, creating an artificially intelligent environment for analyzing mathematical programming models and their results. This earned him the first INFORMS Computing Society (ICS) Prize for "research excellence in the interfaces between operations research and computer science" in 1986, notably for his software system, ANALYZE. In 1993, he wrote the first book in the Springer OR/CS Series entitled A Computer-Assisted Analysis System for Mathematical Programming Models and Solutions: A User’s Guide for ANALYZE. He applied OR methods to CS problems, ranging from using queuing theory for optimal list structure design to using integer programming for bioinformatic database search. He also applied CS to OR problems, ranging from super-sparse information structures to the use of compiler design in ANALYZE. This book can serve as a guide to new researchers, and will report the historical trajectory of OR as it solves current problems and forecasts future applications through the accomplishments of Harvey Greenberg.

Profiles in Operations Research

Profiles in Operations Research
Author: Arjang A. Assad
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 867
Release: 2011-06-30
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781441962805

Profiles in Operations Research: Pioneers and Innovators recounts the development of the field of Operations Research (OR), the science of decision making. The book traces the development of OR from its military origins to a mature discipline that is recognized worldwide for its contributions to managerial planning and complex global operations. Over the past six decades, OR analyses have impacted our daily lives: when making an airline or hotel reservation, waiting in line at a bank, getting the correctly blended fuel at the gas station, and ensuring that the book you are holding arrived at its destination on time. OR originated in the late 1930s when British scientists from various disciplines joined Royal Air Force officers to determine the most effective way to employ new radar technology for intercepting enemy aircraft. During World War II, similar applied research groups were formed to study, test, and evaluate military operations on both sides of the Atlantic. Their work resulted in great improvements—OR helped the Allies win the war. The scientific field that emerged from these studies was called operational research in the U.K. and operations research in the U.S. Today, OR provides a broad and powerful science to aid decision making. Profiles describes the lives and contributions of 43 OR pioneers and innovators and relates how these individuals, with varying backgrounds and diverse interests, were drawn to the nascent field of OR. The profiles also describe how OR techniques and applications expanded considerably beyond the military context to find new domains in business and industry. In addition to their scientific contributions, these profiles capture the life stories of the individuals—interwoven with personal tales, vivid vignettes, family backgrounds, and views of the mission and future of OR. Collectively, the profiles recount the fascinating story of the growth and development of a field enriched by the convergence of different disciplines. The Editors: Arjang A. Assad is Dean of the School of Management, University at Buffalo, State University of New York. Saul I. Gass is Professor Emeritus, Department of Decision, Operations & Information Technologies, Smith School of Business, University of Maryland, College Park. From the Reviews Profiles In Operations Research: Pioneers and Innovators. Book Review by Nigel Cummings: U.K. OR Society's e-journal, Inside OR., Sept 2011. "I can thoroughly recommend this book. I found it both enlighteningand undeniably gripping, so much so in fact, you may find it difficultto put it down once you have commenced reading it. Arjang A. Assad and Saul I. Gass have created a masterwork whichwill serve to immortalise [stet] the pioneers of O.R. for many years to come." *For a list of all known typos, plus further discussion on the book, please visit http://profilesinoperationsresearch.com.

Operational Research and the Social Sciences

Operational Research and the Social Sciences
Author: S.A. Cropper
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 694
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1461307899

Twenty five years ago, in 1964, The Operational Research Society's first International Conference (held at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge) took as its theme "Operational Research and the Social Sciences". The Conference sessions were organised around topics such as: Organisations and Control; Social Effects of Policies; Conflict Resolution; The Systems Concept; Models, Decisions and Operational Research. An examination of the published proceedings (J.R.Lawrence ed., 1966, Operational Research and the Social Sciences, Tavistock, London) reveals a distinct contrast between the types of contribution made by the representatives of the two academic communities involved. Nevertheless, the Conference served to break down some barriers, largely of ignorance about the objects, methods and findings of each concern. In the ensuing twenty five years, although debate has continued about the relationship between OR and the social sciences, mutual understanding has proved more difficult to achieve than many must have hoped for in 1964.

Ecofeminism and Systems Thinking

Ecofeminism and Systems Thinking
Author: Anne Stephens
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 162
Release: 2013-07-18
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1135022305

This book brings together two vitally important strands of 20th-century thinking to establish a set of simple and elegant principles for planning, project design and evaluation. It explains the backgrounds of cultural ecofeminism and critical systems thinking, and what we find when they are systematically compared. Both theories share a range of concepts, have a strong social justice ethic, and challenge the legacy of modernity. The book takes theory into practice. The value of the emergent principles of feminist-systems thinking are described and demonstrated through four chapters of case studies in community development settings. The principles can be used to influence project design and outcomes across a range of disciplines including project management, policy, health, education, and community development. This book has much to offer practitioners who seek to create more socially just and equitable project and research outcomes.

Systems Prospects

Systems Prospects
Author: Robert L. Flood
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 358
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1461308453

Systems Prospects is a record of the papers presented at the first con ference organised by the United Kingdom Systems Society (UKSS), held at Thwaite Hall, Hull University (UK), on the dates 12th-15th July, 1988. The UKSS originally came together in 1978 as the Barford Group (the first meetings were held in the town of Barford), comprising academics from the four institutions that incorporated departments which primarily were con cerned with developing the theory and practice of so-called systems scienc- namely Aston University, City University, Lancaster University and the Open University. The meetings of the Barford Group were deemed to be successful, so much so that a decision was made to widen its horizons to incorporate more generally those of the United Kingdom systems community (a diffuse number of academics and practitioners) - hence the title UKSS. The society, ten years later, is extant and has achieved new levels of success in the last few years in terms of rising membership and international reputation. The membership is now drawn from a wide variety of academic and commercial and industrial organisations, and from most reaches of the nation. There is also an international contingent in the membership. It is right that there should be such diversity since the UKSS is founded on the notion of equality (of creed, sex, race, class and so on ••• ). This community is "glued" together by the Society's own publication, Systemist, as well as through workshops and now this conference.

Behavioral Operational Research

Behavioral Operational Research
Author: Leroy White
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 392
Release: 2019-10-24
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3030254054

This edited collection addresses the question of which capabilities and competencies enable Behavioral Operational Research to provide sustained improvement to decision processes. The aim is to show how a focus on capability and competency will not only meet short-term requirements for problem solving and decision support, but also build a solid foundation for the future. The contributors present recent advances in Behavioral OR, with a focus on the ways in which users of models deal with incomplete and imprecise information, subjective boundaries and uncertainty. These chapters are structured around three key dimensions of BOR: capabilities, cognition and aspects of practice.